Plasma vitellogenin in male teleost fish from 43 rivers worldwide is correlated with upstream human population size

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 (10) ◽  
pp. 3279-3284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre W. Desforges ◽  
Brendan D.L. Peachey ◽  
Pauline M. Sanderson ◽  
Paul A. White ◽  
Jules M. Blais
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Human Population

A semi-hybrid model for malaria with limited superinfection

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 1027-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Picard
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Modelling malaria with consistency necessitates the introduction of at least two families of interconnected processes. Even in a Markovian context the simplest fully stochastic model is intractable and is usually transformed into a hybrid model, by supposing that these two families are stochastically independent and linked only through two deterministic connections. A model closer to the fully stochastic model is presented here, where one of the two families is subordinated to the other and just a unique deterministic connection is required. For this model a threshold theorem can be proved but the threshold level is not the one obtained in a hybrid model. The difference disappears only when the human population size approaches infinity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dog population in an urban area of Southeastern Brazil

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cáris M. Nunes ◽  
Dejanira de A. Martines ◽  
Stélios Fikaris ◽  
Luzia H. Queiróz
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Rabies Vaccination ◽  
Size And Structure

Planning control programs, for diseases such as rabies requires information on the size and structure of the dog and cat population. In order to evaluate the dog population of the urban area of Araçatuba city, S. Paulo State, Brazil, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire to interview members of households. Eighty-eight districts were visited (37,778 houses) and the interview was possible at 77.93% of these. Human population size evaluated was 113,157 inhabitants. Houses that owned animals represented 55.2%, 26,926 of the animals concerned were dogs and 5,755 were cats. Of the dogs, 56.64% were 1-4 year olds and males represented 56.2% of the total population. Dog: person ratio was estimated at 2.8 dogs to every 10 persons, almost 3 times the ratio hitherto estimated and used in the planning of rabies vaccination campaigns.

scholarly journals Effective population size of current human population

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEEYOUNG PARK
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Hapmap Phase ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Genetic Drifts

SummaryIn order to estimate the effective population size (Ne) of the current human population, two new approaches, which were derived from previous methods, were used in this study. One is based on the deviation from linkage equilibrium (LE) between completely unlinked loci in different chromosomes and another is based on the deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). When random mating in a population is assumed, genetic drifts in population naturally induce linkage disequilibrium (LD) between chromosomes and the deviation from HWE. The latter provides information on the Ne of the current population, and the former provides the same when the Ne is constant. If Ne fluctuates, recent Ne changes are reflected in the estimates based on LE, and the comparison between two estimates can provide information regarding recent changes of Ne. Using HapMap Phase III data, the estimates were varied from 622 to 10 437, depending on populations and estimates. The Ne appeared to fluctuate as it provided different estimates for each of the two methods. These Ne estimates were found to agree approximately with the overall increment observed in recent human populations.

Radiocarbon dates as estimates of ancient human population size

Anthropocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Chaput ◽  
Konrad Gajewski
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

scholarly journals ENERGY, SPECIES RICHNESS, AND HUMAN POPULATION SIZE: CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS AT A NATIONAL SCALE

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Chown ◽  
Berndt J. van Rensburg ◽  
Kevin J. Gaston ◽  
Ana S. L. Rodrigues ◽  
Albert S. van Jaarsveld
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Conservation Implications

scholarly journals Selecting priority areas to conserve Psittacines in the Brazilian cerrado: minimizing human–conservation conflicts

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
MÍRIAM PLAZA PINTO ◽  
PABLO VINÍCIUS CLEMENTE MATHIAS ◽  
DANIEL BLAMIRES ◽  
JOSÉ ALEXANDRE FELIZOLA DINIZ-FILHO ◽  
LUIS MAURICIO BINI
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Rapid Destruction ◽  
Number Of Cells

The rapid destruction of habitat in biodiversity hotspots calls for the urgent formulation of conservation strategies. In this study, macro-scale biogeographical data for 33 species of Psittacines were used to select networks of priority areas, using an algorithm based on the complementarity concept. Human population size was also incorporated as a cost in the selection process, and the two networks of priority areas (with and without cost) were compared. In the comparison the number of cells selected to represent all species did not differ, but a rearrangement occurred between them. Two of the four cells were located in the same place, and the others changed location but stayed aggregated within the same regions. The study shows that it is possible to minimize human population size and represent all species in a network of priority areas.

Use of U.S. Census Bureau Data to Expose Students to Dynamic Population Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 572-577
Author(s):  
Evan Lampert
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
World Population ◽  
Quantitative Literacy ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Dynamic Population ◽  
The U.S

Global human population size and understanding how it has changed and will change in the future are important concepts for students. Here I describe exercises that use online databases provided by the U.S. Census Bureau to show students how both population size and the rate of change vary over time. In the first exercise, the U.S. population clock is used to calculate daily birth, death, and migrant and death rates, and how the world population clock is used to calculate the rate of change. These rates can be used to predict what the population size would be if the rates remained unchanged for a predetermined time interval. In the second exercise, historical data are used to determine the years with the most change in U.S. and world population size, then calculate how much larger the current population would be if those historical rates of change remained constant. These exercises have improved quantitative literacy while showing students current and historical trends in human population.

Optimum human population size

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen C. Daily ◽  
Anne H. Ehrlich ◽  
Paul R. Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population

Mark-release-recapture studies on three anthropophilic populations of Aedes (Stegomyia) simpsoni comple(Diptera: Culicidae) in Uganda

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Lutwama ◽  
L.G. Mukwaya
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Mark Release Recapture ◽  
Population Size Estimates ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Size Estimates ◽  
Aedes Simpsoni

AbstractMultiple mark-release-recapture experiments were carried out on females of three anthropophilic populations of Aedes simpsoni (Theobald) complex at Nkokonjeru and Bwamba in Uganda to determine and compare the population size, survival rates and longevity of the adult stages. There were high recapture rates (26.23%, 2 7.42% and 28.28%) at the different sites. The population sizes, estimated by Jolly's stochastic method for the three sites (465, 561 and 675 female mosquitoes) were not significantly different, neither were the survival rates of the females (0.6026, 0.7145 and 0.8152). Other parameters estimated for the three populations were also similar. Population size estimates by Jolly's stochastic model and the simple Lincoln Index methods were not in agreement. The other method over-estimated population size. Since the estimated parameters for the Nkokonjeru population are similar to those of the Bwamba populations, there is a potential for the transmission of yellow fever virus to the human population at Nkokonjeru, as at Bwamba.

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