Blood lead and cadmium levels in preschool children and associated risk factors in São Paulo, Brazil

Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile, risk behaviors, frequency of prior history of syphilis in women living with AIDS and to investigate associated factors. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with women living with HIV attending at Reference Center for AIDS in São Paulo. Demographic, behavioral, and clinical data were analyzed based on medical records. Results: a total of 598 women were included in the study and the prevalence of previous syphilis was 6.2% (95% CI 4,3-8,1). Seventy-three percent of women were less than 40 years of age when diagnosed with AIDS and 49.6% had more than eight years of formal education. 67.2% were white and 65.9% were not married or living with a partner, 53.2% reported that their first sexual intercourse aged more than 15 years, 56.5% reported having only one partner in the last year and 13% reported drug use. Regarding laboratory data, 83.8% had CD4+ <500 cells/ mm3 upon diagnosis of AIDS. Previous syphilis was associated with the use of crack cocaine [AOR = 6.8 (95% CI 1.7 - 27.5)], >1 sexual partner in the last year [AOR = 6.6 (95% CI 1.2 - 37.1)], CD4 + <500 cells/mm3 [AOR = 3.8 (women 1.1 - 13.6)], HIV diagnosis > 8 years [AOR = 2.4 (95% CI 1.0 - 5.8)]. Conclusion: a high prevalence of previous syphilis was found in the population studied, and crack use was identified among the main associated risk factors. Interventions to reduce the risk of sexual transmission of HIV and syphilis must be strengthened, with the implementation of control actions, screening strategies, early diagnosis and treatment, preventing complications, reducing morbidity and improving sexual and reproductive health.

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Changes in prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated risk factors 2000–2015 in São Paulo, Brazil

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02542-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fabiana Silva Ribeiro ◽

Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira Duarte ◽

Jair Lício Ferreira Santos ◽

Anja K. Leist

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Formal Education ◽

Population Based ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Introduction Decreases in prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia over the last two decades have been observed in different countries for cohorts entering older age. This study aimed to assess the cognitive impairment prevalence and explore associated factors among subjects aged >60 living in São Paulo, Brazil. Method Data came from a population-based Health, Welfare and Aging survey conducted in 2000, 2006, 2010, and 2015. Cognitive impairment was detected using the abbreviated Mini-Mental State Exam corrected by formal education years. In total, there were 5922 respondents in the statistical analyses. Results Logistic regression models adjusted for age group, income, race, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression were used to estimate cognitive impairment prevalence. Between 2015 and 2000, respondents were more likely to report formal education, hypertension, diabetes, and overweight/obesity. Moreover, the weighted analyses showed that cognitive impairment prevalence was higher in 2015, even adjusting for sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression. Conclusion In contrast to decreases in cognitive impairment prevalence in other countries and despite increases in educational years, our findings suggest no secular improvements in cognitive health for the 2015 wave of older adults residing in São Paulo.

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Incidence of self-reported hearing loss and associated risk factors among the elderly in São Paulo, Brazil: the SABE survey

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2013000800008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 702-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mariana Sodario Cruz ◽

Maria Cristina Pereira Lima ◽

Jair Lício Ferreira Santos ◽

Maria Lúcia Lebrão ◽

Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira Duarte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Seroepidemiological study and associated risk factors of Toxocara canis infection among preschool children in Osun State, Nigeria

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.05.030 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 173 ◽

pp. 85-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Oluyomi A. Sowemimo ◽

Yueh-Lun Lee ◽

Samuel O. Asaolu ◽

Ting-Wu Chuang ◽

Olaoluwa P. Akinwale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Toxocara Canis ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in sheep raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.06.006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 104-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes ◽

Thaís Rabelo dos Santos ◽

Ricardo dos Santos da Silva ◽

Walter Matheus Rossanese ◽

Fernando Augusto de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Paulo State ◽

São Paulo State

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Landscape risk factors for attacks of vampire bats on cattle in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.10.006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 93 (2-3) ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Murilo Novaes Gomes ◽

Antonio Miguel Vieira Monteiro ◽

Nicola Lewis ◽

Celso Alberto Gonçalves ◽

Vladimir de Souza Nogueira Filho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Vampire Bats

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Testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in a region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2016000300001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 141-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel A.M. Rossi ◽

Henrique M.S. Almeida ◽

Rafaella P.M. Guimarães-Peixoto ◽

Emílio C. Acevedo-Nieto ◽

Paulo S.A. Pinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Biological Cycle ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

And Control

Abstract: Taenia solium is a zoonotic tapeworm of great importance in developing countries, due to the occurrence of human taeniasis and cysticercosis. Pigs have an important role in the biological cycle of the parasite as intermediate hosts. The scientific literature has been describing risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease that must be avoided in countries with poor sanitation, in order to reduce the exposure of swine to the parasite eggs. This research focused on testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in the region of Jaboticabal municipality, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The found prevalence was 6.82% (CI 95% 4.18 - 9.45) at animal level and 28.87% (CI 95% 16.74 - 40.40) at herd level. These figures are probably associated with low technification adoption during animal rearing in the studied area, which increased the exposure of the animals to risk factors associated with the occurrence of Taenia solium complex. The results found based on serological evidences of swine cysticercosis in the studied region serves as a warning to public sanitary authorities to improve public health and control T. solium.

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