Characteristics of effluents from trout farms and their impact on water quality and benthic algal assemblages of the receiving stream

A broad-based approach has been used to assess the impacts of discharges to rivers from 47 surface water severs, with the objective of determining whether such discharges are damaging to stream quality. In order to study as many sites as possible, sampling, laboratory and data analysis techniques were designed to be as simple and rapid as possible. This broad approach was deliberately chosen to contrast with other UK studies in which a small number of sites have been investigated in detail. Three parameters were studied, all of which could reflect the effects of intermittent pollution on stream quality during dry weather. These were the numbers and types of benthic nacroinvertebrates upstream and downstream of the outfalls, the concentrations of metals in algae upstream and downstream of the outfalls, and the concentrations of metals in sediments upstream and downstream of the outfalls. Information relating to the study catchments has been collected from local authorities and by observation at the time of sampling. This information includes catchment areas, land uses and receiving stream quality. Methods used for site selection, sampling, analysis and data interpretation are described. Results show that there is a small but significant fall in biological water quality downstreap of outfalls, but no consistent detectable impact on the concentrations of metals in sediments or algae. The biological effects are compared with the catchment characteristics to identify the factors governing the impact, and upstream water quality is found to be an important factor. Other factors influencing the impact are sewered catchment area and land use.

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Assessment of The Impacts of Trout Farming on Water Quality Using Macro Invertebrates as Bio- Indicators

Journal of Institute of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/jist.v22i2.19610 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 175-182

Author(s):

Anuradha Rai ◽

Archana Niraula ◽

Payaswini Ghimire ◽

Aastha Pandey ◽

Anu Gurung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Small Scale ◽

Multiple Site ◽

Reference Sites ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Invertebrate Assemblages ◽

Trout Farms ◽

The Impact

The study was conducted to assess the impacts of trout farming on water quality using macro invertebrates as bio-indicators. Two trout farms were selected for the study, viz., Gandaki Trout Farm (GTF) in Kaski district and Fall & Trout Fish Farm (FTF) in Nuwakot district. Reference and impacted sites were selected in each trout farms from where macro invertebrates were collected and physico-chemical parameters were measured. Sorensen’s Index and Multiple Site Similarity Index were calculated to compare the macro-invertebrate assemblages between the impact and the reference sites. Water quality classes were also calculated using macro invertebrate-based tool, NEPBIOS/ASPT scores. Altogether 24 families of macro invertebrates were observed at GTF and 12 families at FTF. The Sorensen’s Similarity Index was greater than 0.5 between reference and impacted sites at GTF; whereas it was only 0.28 at FTF indicating comparatively low level of similarity. In addition, Multiple Site Similarity Index (0.64) at GTF also indicated high similarity between the macro invertebrate assemblages. Reference sites showed higher scores with higher diversity of macro invertebrates. Both farms had suitable water quality for trout (dissolved oxygen and temperature) and most of the physico-chemical parameters did not show significant differences except pH and turbidity at GTF probably due to small scale operation and production. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 175-182

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Post-ozonation in a municipal wastewater treatment plant improves water quality in the receiving stream

Environmental Sciences Europe ◽

10.1186/s12302-015-0068-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Roman Ashauer

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Receiving Stream

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Field measurement and modelling of two-dimensional river mixing

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2001.0021 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 57-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Putz ◽

D.W. Smith

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Computer Modelling ◽

Water Quality Management ◽

Water Quality Monitoring ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Concentration Gradients ◽

Athabasca River ◽

Transverse Mixing ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

Receiving Stream

Wastewater treatment facilities commonly discharge effluent to large receiving streams. An effluent plume may easily extend for many tens of kilometres downstream of a discharge point. A characteristic of the effluent plume is the existence of significant transverse concentration gradients in the river as the discharged effluent slowly mixes with the river water. Within this two-dimensional, transverse mixing zone accurate delineation of the effluent plume is essential for water quality monitoring and for management of the receiving stream. The capability to mathematically model two-dimensional river mixing and to predict effluent plume concentrations is a valuable tool for water quality management. An overview of two-dimensional river mixing theory is presented. Tracer methods for delineating effluent plumes resulting from continuous or transient input to rivers are described, and the results of tracer studies conducted on the Athabasca River in western Canada are presented. A computer modelling procedure for simulating two-dimensional river mixing is described. Application of the model is explained and comparison of model output to measured tracer concentrations is presented.

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Impact of Lagoon Effluent on an Inland Stream – A 10 Year Perspective

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1989.0065 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 289-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. P. Skerry ◽

J. G. Parker

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Body ◽

Inland Waterways ◽

Inland River ◽

Biological Water ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Receiving Stream ◽

The Impact ◽

Biological Water Quality

The discharge of lagoon treated effluent to inland waterways has long been of contention in relation to the impact of residual algal cells and nutrients in the receiving water body, especially a water body used extensively for recreation. This paper examines the pre lagoon and post lagoon discharge effects on water quality in a major inland river over a ten year monitoring period. The impact of a lagoon discharge flow of up to 20 ML/day during summer conditions is assessed in relation to effect on receiving stream physical, chemical and biological water quality indicators and implications for management are assessed and evaluated.

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Plankton Abundance and Physico-chemical Water Quality of Effluent Impacted Waterbodies in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb9210074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176

Author(s):

Adebukola Adenike ADEDEJI ◽

Joshua Seun OLAJIDE ◽

Tolulope Israel ALUKO ◽

Iysa Olorunshina MUHIBBU-DIN

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Pollution ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Nutrient Level ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Level Indicator ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Effluent Discharge ◽

Receiving Stream

An effluent receiving stream and Opa River to which it drains within Obafemi Awolowo University, South-Western Nigeria, were studied to ascertain the level of physico-chemical and biological pollution. Water samples were collected and analysed using various standard methods for planktonic abundance and selected physico-chemical parameters over a period of seven months. Most of the water quality parameters investigated showed statistically insignificant differences between the stream and Opa River, except of conductivity, nitrate and turbidity. Notable parameters were nutrient level indicator parameters (conductivity, nitrate, organic matter, COD and planktonic abundance) whose mean concentrations were higher in the effluent receiving stream than in Opa River. Even more, the seasonal variations of some of the investigated parameters (sulphate, organic matter and conductivity) at both sampled stations revealed the effect of anthropogenic run-off as additional source of dissolved nutrient and chemical enrichment rather than the effluent only. Highest occurrence of Chlorophyceae and abundance of Bacillariophyceae in the studied water bodies revealed a level of organic pollution, while the low occurrence species diversity of copepod, cladocera, diptera and protozoa further connotes the unfavourable physico-chemical condition of the water bodies. However, this effect was observed to be reduced at the point where the stream emptied into Opa River. Hence, the effect of the effluent discharge may not pose a health risk to several rural communities downstream which rely on the receiving water body primarily as their source of domestic water. Nevertheless, due to the level of organic pollution recorded, it could be suggested that the oxidation pond effluent discharge should be treated and/or recycled before discharge into this natural body of water.

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