A relationship between environmental pollutants and enteric viruses in mussels(Mytilus galloprovincialis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Fiorito ◽  
Maria Grazia Amoroso ◽  
Sara Lambiase ◽  
Francesco Paolo Serpe ◽  
Teresa Bruno ◽  
...  
Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Gennaro Lettieri ◽  
Nadia Carusone ◽  
Rosaria Notariale ◽  
Marina Prisco ◽  
Alessia Ambrosino ◽  
...  

Mercury is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants. In this work, we analysed the effects of exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to 1, 10 and 100 pM HgCl2 for 24 h on the gonadal morphology and on the expression level of three stress genes: mt10, hsp70 and πgst. In this tissue we also evaluated the level of steroidogenic enzymes 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD and the expression of PL protein genes. Finally, we determined difference in sperm chromatin accessibility to micrococcal nuclease. We found alterations in gonadal morphology especially after exposure to 10 and 100 pM HgCl2 and hypo-expression of the three stress genes, particularly for hsp70. Furthermore, decreased labelling with both 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD antibodies was observed following exposure to 1 and 10 pM HgCl2 and complete absence at 100 pM HgCl2 exposure. Gonads of mussels exposed to all HgCl2 doses showed decreased expression of PL protein genes especially for PLIII. Finally, micrococcal nuclease digestions showed that all doses of HgCl2 exposure resulted in increased sperm chromatin accessibility to this enzyme, indicative of improper sperm chromatin structure. All of these changes provide preliminary data of the potential toxicity of mercury on the reproductive health of this mussel.


2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altuğ Yavaşoğlu ◽  
Dilara Özkan ◽  
Adem Güner ◽  
Selma Katalay ◽  
Fatih Oltulu ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Selma Katalay ◽  
Melike Merve Ayhan ◽  
Aysel Çağlan Günal

In this study, the effect of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) which accumulate contaminants in the marine environment exposed to 20 and 40 µg/Lsublethal zinc pyrithion (ZnPT) at high levels for 48 and 96 hours on total hemocyte counts was determined. Total hemocyte count is a good bioindicator to assess the effects of environmental pollutants . It was determined that total hemocyte counts were increased in mussels exposed to zinc pyrithione when compared to the control group (p<0.05). It has been found that this substance, which has different usage areas and contaminate aquatic environment, negatively effect the mussels even in low concentrations.


Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.


Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).


1966 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Faer

Developments of disease hypotheses and conceptions of disease as philosophic entities have shown bursts of great advance. One just concluded includes emergence of bacteriology and virology culminating in Koch’s Postulates, which in the twentieth century were primary bases for disease study and colored all approaches to medicine.With recent extraordinary advances in technology, medicine faces great new obligations demanding fresh approaches and untrammeled thinking for solution of problems posed. It is clear that any approach to diseases and disabilities induced by exposures to environmental pollutants must take multiple etiology into account. For example, contributing to causation of lung malignancies one must list usual dusts, radioactivity, smog, auto exhausts, cigarette smoke and genetic composition. Consideration of plural factors in genesis of environmentally associated disease leads to the hypothesis of the incremental insult, a complex and difficult conception in which must be included provision for multiple causative agents, each contributing but a fraction toward total etiology^ Computers developed to their present refinement provide necessary tools for whatever complexity required to spawn and fructify hypotheses of inter-relating associations of incremental insults leading to pathology.


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