Promotion of maltose fermentation at extremely low temperatures using a cryotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain immobilized on porous cellulosic material

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilios Ganatsios ◽  
Athanasios A. Koutinas ◽  
Argyro Bekatorou ◽  
Maria Kanellaki ◽  
Poonam Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cellulosic Material ◽  
Maltose Fermentation

scholarly journals Reciprocal hemizygosity analysis reveals that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGI121 gene affects lag time duration in synthetic grape must

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runze Li ◽  
Rebecca C Deed
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Grape Must ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Abstract It is standard practice to ferment white wines at low temperatures (10-18 °C). However, low temperatures increase fermentation duration and risk of problem ferments, leading to significant costs. The lag duration at fermentation initiation is heavily impacted by temperature; therefore, identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes influencing fermentation kinetics is of interest for winemaking. We selected 28 S. cerevisiae BY4743 single deletants, from a prior list of open reading frames (ORFs) mapped to quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes VII and XIII, influencing the duration of fermentative lag time. Five BY4743 deletants, Δapt1, Δcgi121, Δclb6, Δrps17a, and Δvma21, differed significantly in their fermentative lag duration compared to BY4743 in synthetic grape must (SGM) at 15 °C, over 72 h. Fermentation at 12.5 °C for 528 h confirmed the longer lag times of BY4743 Δcgi121, Δrps17a, and Δvma21. These three candidate ORFs were deleted in S. cerevisiae RM11-1a and S288C to perform single reciprocal hemizygosity analysis (RHA). RHA hybrids and single deletants of RM11-1a and S288C were fermented at 12.5 °C in SGM and lag time measurements confirmed that the S288C allele of CGI121 on chromosome XIII, encoding a component of the EKC/KEOPS complex, increased fermentative lag phase duration. Nucleotide sequences of RM11-1a and S288C CGI121 alleles differed by only one synonymous nucleotide, suggesting that intron splicing, codon bias, or positional effects might be responsible for the impact on lag phase duration. This research demonstrates a new role of CGI121 and highlights the applicability of QTL analysis for investigating complex phenotypic traits in yeast.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of omnipotent suppressors in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
L P Wakem ◽  
F Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Hypertonic Medium ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chromosome Ii

Abstract Approximately 290 omnipotent suppressors, which enhance translational misreading, were isolated in strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing the psi+ extrachromosomal determinant. The suppressors could be assigned to 8 classes by their pattern of suppression of five nutritional markers. The suppressors were further distinguished by differences in growth on paromomycin medium, hypertonic medium, low temperatures (10 degrees), nonfermentable carbon sources, alpha-aminoadipic acid medium, and by their dominance and recessiveness. Genetic analysis of 12 representative suppressors resulted in the assignment of these suppressors to 6 different loci, including the three previously described loci SUP35 (chromosome IV), SUP45 (chromosome II) and SUP46 (chromosome II), as well as three new loci SUP42 (chromosome IV), SUP43 (chromosome XV) and SUP44 (chromosome VII). Suppressors belonging to the same locus had a wide range of different phenotypes. Differences between alleles of the same locus and similarities between alleles of different loci suggest that the omnipotent suppressors encode proteins that effect different functions and that altered forms of each of the proteins can effect the same function.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae x Saccharomyces kudriavzevii hybrids during low temperature winemaking

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Tronchoni ◽  
Estéfani García-Ríos ◽  
Jose Manuel Guillamón ◽  
Amparo Querol ◽  
Roberto Pérez-Torrado
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Saccharomyces Kudriavzevii ◽  
Isolated Species

Background: Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most frequently isolated species in wine fermentation, and the most studied species, other species and interspecific hybrids have greatly attracted the interest of researchers in this field in the last few years, given their potential to solve new winemaking industry challenges. S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii hybrids exhibit good fermentative capabilities at low temperatures, and produce wines with smaller alcohol quantities and larger glycerol quantities, which can be very useful to solve challenges in the winemaking industry such as the necessity to enhance the aroma profile. Methods: In this study, we performed a transcriptomic study of S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii hybrids in low temperature winemaking conditions. Results: The results revealed that the hybrids have acquired both fermentative abilities and cold adaptation abilities, attributed to S. cerevisiae and S. kudriavzevii parental species, respectively, showcasing their industrially relevant characteristics. For several key genes, we also studied the contribution to gene expression of each of the alleles of S. cerevisiae and S. kudriavzevii in the S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii hybrids. From the results, it is not clear how important the differential expression of the specific parental alleles is to the phenotype of the hybrids. Conclusions: This study shows that the fermentative abilities of S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii hybrids at low temperatures do not seem to result from differential expression of specific parental alleles of the key genes involved in this phentoype.

Structural and functional analysis of the MAL1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3891-3899
Author(s):  
M J Charron ◽  
R A Dubin ◽  
C A Michels
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Maltose Permease ◽  
Positive Regulator ◽  
Maltose Fermentation ◽  
Complex Locus ◽  
Regulator Genes

We describe the isolation of a 22.6-kilobase fragment of DNA containing the MAL1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results demonstrate that the MAL1 locus, like the MAL6 locus, is a complex locus containing three genes. These genes were organized similarly to their MAL6 counterparts. We refer to them as MAL11, MAL12, and MAL13 and show that they are functionally homologous to the MAL61 (encoding maltose permease), MAL62 (encoding maltase), and MAL63 (encoding the positive regulator) genes of the MAL6 locus. Transcription from each of the three genes was analyzed in a strain carrying the undisrupted MAL1 locus and in strains carrying single disruptions in each of the MAL1 genes. The MAL1 and MAL1 loci were found to be highly sequence homologous and conserved throughout the region containing these three genes. The strain used to isolate the MAL1 locus also carried the tightly linked SUC1 gene. The SUC1 gene was found to be located on the same 22.6-kilobase fragment containing the MAL1 locus and 5 kilobases from the 3' end of the MAL12 gene. The meaning of these results with regard to the mechanism of regulation of maltose fermentation is discussed.

Low temperature highlights the functional role of the cell wall integrity pathway in the regulation of growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2012 ◽  
Vol 446 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Córcoles-Sáez ◽  
Lídia Ballester-Tomas ◽  
Maria A. de la Torre-Ruiz ◽  
Jose A. Prieto ◽  
Francisca Randez-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Response Component ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity Pathway ◽  
Mutant Cells

Unlike other stresses, the physiological significance and molecular mechanisms involved in the yeast cold response are largely unknown. In the present study, we show that the CWI (cell wall integrity) pathway plays an important role in the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at low temperatures. Cells lacking the Wsc1p (wall integrity and stress response component 1) membrane sensor or the MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) Bck1p (bypass of C kinase 1), Mkk (Mapk kinase) 1p/Mkk2p or Slt2p (suppressor of lyt2) exhibited cold sensitivity. However, there was no evidence of either a cold-provoked perturbation of the cell wall or a differential cold expression program mediated by Slt2p. The results of the present study suggest that Slt2p is activated by different inputs in response to nutrient signals and mediates growth control through TORC1 (target of rapamycin 1 complex)–Sch9p (suppressor of cdc25) and PKA (protein kinase A) at low temperatures. We found that absence of TOR1 (target of rapamycin 1) causes cold sensitivity, whereas a ras2Δ mutant shows increased cold growth. Lack of Sch9p alleviates the phenotype of slt2Δ and bck1Δ mutant cells, as well as attenuation of PKA activity by overexpression of BCY1 (bypass of cyclase mutations 1). Interestingly, swi4Δ mutant cells display cold sensitivity, but the phenotype is neither mediated by the Slt2p-regulated induction of Swi4p (switching deficient 4)-responsive promoters nor influenced by osmotic stabilization. Hence, cold signalling through the CWI pathway has distinct features and might mediate still unknown effectors and targets.

scholarly journals Structural and functional analysis of the MAL1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3891-3899 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Charron ◽  
R A Dubin ◽  
C A Michels
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Maltose Permease ◽  
Positive Regulator ◽  
Maltose Fermentation ◽  
Complex Locus ◽  
Regulator Genes

We describe the isolation of a 22.6-kilobase fragment of DNA containing the MAL1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results demonstrate that the MAL1 locus, like the MAL6 locus, is a complex locus containing three genes. These genes were organized similarly to their MAL6 counterparts. We refer to them as MAL11, MAL12, and MAL13 and show that they are functionally homologous to the MAL61 (encoding maltose permease), MAL62 (encoding maltase), and MAL63 (encoding the positive regulator) genes of the MAL6 locus. Transcription from each of the three genes was analyzed in a strain carrying the undisrupted MAL1 locus and in strains carrying single disruptions in each of the MAL1 genes. The MAL1 and MAL1 loci were found to be highly sequence homologous and conserved throughout the region containing these three genes. The strain used to isolate the MAL1 locus also carried the tightly linked SUC1 gene. The SUC1 gene was found to be located on the same 22.6-kilobase fragment containing the MAL1 locus and 5 kilobases from the 3' end of the MAL12 gene. The meaning of these results with regard to the mechanism of regulation of maltose fermentation is discussed.

scholarly journals The CGI121 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrates genetic linkage to increased lag time under enological conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runze Li ◽  
Rebecca C. Deed
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In winemaking, it is standard practice to ferment white wines at low temperatures (10–18 ºC). However, low temperatures increase the fermentation duration and risk of problem ferments, which can lead to significant costs. The length of the lag period at fermentation initiation is one parameter that is heavily impacted by low temperatures. Therefore, the identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes with an impact on fermentation kinetics, such as lag time, is of interest for winemaking. Results We selected a set of 28 S. cerevisiae BY4743 single deletants based on a prior list of candidate open reading frames (ORFs) mapped to quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes VII and XIII influencing the duration of fermentative lag time by bulk segregant analysis. Five out of 28 BY4743 deletants, Δapt1, Δcgi121, Δclb6, Δrps17a, and Δvma21, differed significantly in their fermentative lag phase duration compared to BY4743 in synthetic grape medium (SGM) at 15 ºC, over 72 h. Fermentation at 12.5 ºC for 528 h, to show a greater resolution of the lag times, identified the inability of BY4743 Δapt1 to initiate fermentation and confirmed the significantly longer lag times of the BY4743 Δcgi121, Δrps17a, and Δvma21 deletants. The three candidate ORFs were deleted in S. cerevisiae RM11-1a and S288C to perform single reciprocal hemizygosity analysis (RHA). RHA hybrids and single deletants of RM11-1a and S288C were fermented at 12.5 ºC in SGM. Lag time measurements confirmed genetic linkage of CGI121 on chromosome XIII, encoding a component of the EKC/KEOPS complex, to fermentative lag phase. Nucleotide sequences of RM11-1a and S288C CGI121 alleles differed by only one synonymous nucleotide suggesting that codon bias or positional effects might be responsible for the impact of this gene on lag phase duration. Conclusion This research demonstrates a new role of CGI121 in fermentative lag time in S. cerevisiae during fermentation and highlights the applicability of QTL analysis for investigating complex phenotypic traits in yeast, such as fermentation kinetics.

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