Astronomical tuning and magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of South China and Newark Supergroup of North America: Implications for the Late Triassic time scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 475 ◽  
pp. 207-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsong Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Chunju Huang ◽  
James Ogg ◽  
Linda Hinnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South China ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Xujiahe Formation ◽  
Astronomical Tuning ◽  
Newark Supergroup

Taxonomic affinities and paleogeography of Stromatomorpha californica Smith, a distinctive Upper Triassic reef-adapted demosponge

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Senowbari-Daryan ◽  
G. D. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Northern Calcareous Alps ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Northern Calcareous ◽  
Siliceous Spicules ◽  
Horizontal Layers

Stromatomorpha californica Smith is a massive, calcified, tropical to subtropical organism of the Late Triassic that produced small biostromes and contributed in building some reefs. It comes from the displaced terranes of Cordilleran North America (Eastern Klamath terrane, Alexander terrane, and Wrangellia). This shallow-water organism formed small laminar masses and sometimes patch reefs. It was first referred to the order Spongiomorphidae but was considered to be a coral. Other affinities that have been proposed include hydrozoan, stomatoporoid, sclerosponge, and chambered sponge. Part of the problem was diagenesis that resulted in dissolution of the siliceous spicules and/or replaced them with calcite. Well-preserved dendroclone spicules found during study of newly discovered specimens necessitate an assignment of Stromatomorpha californica to the demosponge order Orchocladina Rauff. Restudy of examples from the Northern Calcareous Alps extends the distribution of this species to the Tethys, where it was an important secondary framework builder in Upper Triassic (Norian-Rhaetian) reef complexes. Revisions of Stromatomorpha californica produce much wider pantropical distribution, mirroring paleogeographic patterns revealed for other tropical Triassic taxa. Review of Liassic material from the Jurassic of Morocco, previously assigned to Stromatomorpha californica Smith var. columnaris Le Maitre, cannot be sustained. Species previously included in Stromatomorpha are: S. stylifera Frech (type species, Rhaetian), S. actinostromoides Boiko (Norian), S. californica Smith (Norian), S. concescui Balters (Ladinian-Carnian), S. pamirica Boiko (Norian), S. rhaetica Kühn (Rhaetian), S. stromatoporoides Frech, and S. tenuiramosa Boiko (Norian). Stromatomorpha rhaetica Kühn described from the Rhaetian of Vorarlberg, Austria shows no major difference from S. californica. An example described as S. oncescui Balters from the Ladinian-Carnian of the Rarau Mountains, Romania, is very similar to S. californica in exhibiting similar spicule types. However, because of the greater distance between individual pillars, horizontal layers, and the older age, S. oncescui is retained as a separate species. The net-like and regular skeleton of Spongiomorpha sanpozanensis Yabe and Sugiyama, from the Upper Triassic of Sambosan (Tosa, Japan), suggests a closer alliance with Stromatomorpha, and this taxon possibly could be the same as S. californica.

Magnetostratigraphic dating of the proposed Rhaetian GSSP at Steinbergkogel (Upper Triassic, Austria): Implications for the Late Triassic time scale

2011 ◽  
Vol 302 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja K. Hüsing ◽  
Martijn H.L. Deenen ◽  
Jort G. Koopmans ◽  
Wout Krijgsman
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic

scholarly journals First record of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania: phytosaurs (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) of probable Late Triassic age, with a review of phytosaur biogeography

2012 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN L. BRUSATTE ◽  
RICHARD J. BUTLER ◽  
GRZEGORZ NIEDŹWIEDZKI ◽  
TOMASZ SULEJ ◽  
ROBERT BRONOWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
First Record ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate

AbstractFossils of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from Lithuania and the wider East Baltic region of Europe have previously been unknown. We here report the first Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrate fossils from Lithuania: two premaxillary specimens and three teeth that belong to Phytosauria, a common clade of semiaquatic Triassic archosauriforms. These specimens represent an uncrested phytosaur, similar to several species within the generaPaleorhinus,Parasuchus,RutiodonandNicrosaurus. Because phytosaurs are currently only known from the Upper Triassic, their discovery in northwestern Lithuania (the Šaltiškiai clay-pit) suggests that at least part of the Triassic succession in this region is Late Triassic in age, and is not solely Early Triassic as has been previously considered. The new specimens are among the most northerly occurrences of phytosaurs in the Late Triassic, as Lithuania was approximately 7–10° further north than classic phytosaur-bearing localities in nearby Germany and Poland, and as much as 40° further north than the best-sampled phytosaur localities in North America. The far northerly occurrence of the Lithuanian fossils prompts a review of phytosaur biogeography and distribution, which suggests that these predators were widely distributed in the Triassic monsoonal belt but rarer in more arid regions.

scholarly journals A thin-shelled reptile from the Late Triassic of North America and the origin of the turtle shell

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1656) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter G Joyce ◽  
Spencer G Lucas ◽  
Torsten M Scheyer ◽  
Andrew B Heckert ◽  
Adrian P Hunt
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Terrestrial Habitat ◽  
Turtle Shell ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Stem Lineage

A new, thin-shelled fossil from the Upper Triassic (Revueltian: Norian) Chinle Group of New Mexico, Chinlechelys tenertesta , is one of the most primitive known unambiguous members of the turtle stem lineage. The thin-shelled nature of the new turtle combined with its likely terrestrial habitat preference hint at taphonomic filters that basal turtles had to overcome before entering the fossil record. Chinlechelys tenertesta possesses neck spines formed by multiple osteoderms, indicating that the earliest known turtles were covered with rows of dermal armour. More importantly, the primitive, vertically oriented dorsal ribs of the new turtle are only poorly associated with the overlying costal bones, indicating that these two structures are independent ossifications in basal turtles. These novel observations lend support to the hypothesis that the turtle shell was originally a complex composite in which dermal armour fused with the endoskeletal ribs and vertebrae of an ancestral lineage instead of forming de novo. The critical shell elements (i.e. costals and neurals) are thus not simple outgrowths of the bone of the endoskeletal elements as has been hypothesized from some embryological observations.

Triassic notostracans in the Newark Supergroup, Culpeper Basin, northern Virginia

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. W. Gore ◽  
Alfred Traverse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Anal Plate ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Newark Supergroup ◽  
Caudal Rami

Fossilized notostracan carapaces and abdominal fragments are present in the Upper Triassic (Rhaetian) Bull Run Formation in the Culpeper Basin near Manassas, Virginia. Over 250 notostracan carapaces and carapace fragments and three abdominal fragments with attached caudal rami were collected from light olive-gray, grayish-red, and brownish-gray shales in three on-strike localities. Carapace and abdomen are attached in one specimen. The Culpeper Basin notostracans have a rudimentary supra-anal plate and are identified as Triops cf. cancriformis. Their carapaces are indistinguishable from those of modern forms.Relatively few notostracan fossils are known and none have been reported previously from the Triassic of North America. Triassic notostracans, however, have been reported from Europe and Africa. Fossil notostracans have been reported from North America only once previously, from the Permian of Oklahoma.The notostracans are associated with conchostracans (Cyzicus sp.), ostracodes (Darwinula sp.), fish scales, insects, plant fragments, and stromatolites.The notostracan-bearing beds are present at the top of a transgressive-regressive sequence, indicating that the notostracans inhabited shallow water near the edge of a perennial lake. Palynology indicates that these beds are most likely mid- to late-Rhaetian in age.

Neoguadalupia oregonensis new species: Reappearance of a Permian sponge genus in the Upper Triassic Wallowa Terrane, Oregon

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baba Senowbari-Daryan ◽  
George D. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
South China ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Island Arc ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Bridge Formation ◽  
Wallowa Terrane

The sponge Neoguadalupia oregonensis new species is described from the Upper Triassic Martin Bridge Formation in the southern Wallowa Mountains, Oregon. It is the first authenticated Triassic occurrence of the genus Neoguadalupia, previously known from the Permian of South China and suspected to occur in Upper Triassic of Nevada. This discovery provides evidence at the generic level of survival of a Lazarus taxon in an island-arc terrane of western North America.

Giant Upper Triassic bivalves of Wrangellia, Vancouver Island, Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
George D. Stanley ◽  
Thomas E. Yancey ◽  
Hannah M.E. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Wallowa Terrane ◽  
Volcanic Islands ◽  
First Time

One of the most distinctive components of the Late Triassic warm-water biota are alatoform, reclining bivalves of the genus Wallowaconcha. Wallowaconcha raylenea was first described from shallow-water, fine-grained Upper Triassic carbonate rocks of the Wallowa terrane, northeastern Oregon, and later found in coeval limestone in the Yukon. Fossils of the family Wallowaconchidae are easily recognized and readily distinguished from other fossil groups by their large size (over a metre in length), alatoform morphology, and especially the chambered wing-like extensions likely associated with photosymbiosis. Several different taxa of Norian age inhabited lagoon and reef-related settings on four separate terranes of western North America (Antimonio terrane, Sonora, Mexico; Wallowa terrane, northeastern Oregon; Stikine terrane in the Yukon; Chulitna terrane of Alaska), which during Triassic time existed as volcanic islands in the eastern Panthalassa Ocean. Outside eastern Panthalassa in the eastern Tethys, two other species of Wallowaconcha come from distant localities in Asia and Arabia. We here report for the first time, in presumed Rhaetian limestone of the upper part of the Parson Bay Formation, Vancouver Island, newly discovered examples of Wallowaconcha. They are from Wrangellia and, based on size and shape of the chambers, are assignable to W. raylenea but unlike other examples they appear to be Rhaetian in age. This species of giant bivalve inhabited warm-water locales outboard of North America during the Late Triassic, and its presence provides possible paleobiogeographic links of Wrangellia with both Stikinia and the Wallowa terrane.

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