Factors affecting genetic and seed yield variability of Jatropha curcas (L.) across the globe: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 170-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ang Dawa Lama ◽  
Tero Klemola ◽  
Irma Saloniemi ◽  
Pekka Niemelä ◽  
Timo Vuorisalo
Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Zafitsara Tantely Andrianirina ◽  
Matthias Martin ◽  
Euloge Dongmeza ◽  
Elisa Senger

The tropical multiuse tree Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha) is highly promoted as oilseed crop for biodiesel production and for climate change mitigation, but cultivation practices require further research. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of varying plant spacings (2.0 m × 4 m compared to 1.5 m × 4 m), crop establishment methods (raising plantlets in a nursery prior to planting to the field compared to direct sowing) and genotypes on seed yield, seed quality and plant height, recorded at a dry-subhumid location in Madagascar (Ihosy) and at a humid location in Cameroon (Batchenga). Averaged across treatment variants and genotypes, seed yield and seed oil content were higher at the dry-subhumid site and in particular the narrower spacing reached higher seed yields per unit area than the wider spacing. At the humid site, plant growth was characterized by strong accumulation of biomass. The establishment method tested at the dry-subhumid site showed no significant differences in the recorded parameters. Our results encourage to re-think common practices in jatropha cultivation and underpin the importance of the correct choice of location, genotype and agronomic practices considering the interactions between all factors.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5888
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Alejandra Cortez-Núñez ◽  
María Eugenia Gutiérrez-Castillo ◽  
Violeta Y. Mena-Cervantes ◽  
Ángel Refugio Terán-Cuevas ◽  
Luis Raúl Tovar-Gálvez ◽  
...  

Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) commercial plantations in Mexico, one of the most important JCL origin centers, have failed due to a variety of biological, political and technical factors affecting their productivity. This study explores feasible sites of JCL cultivation as a potential source for biodiesel production in Mexico, given agroclimatic and agroecological considerations. We propose a GIS-based approach for estimating suitable and available lands to grow JCL by integrating an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the ArcGIS software. Spatial analysis combined multiple data, different evaluation criteria, three land availability classes (high, medium and low potential) and took into account ecological, ethical, and political restrictions, and considering two scenarios with different restriction levels. Suitability and availability maps were generated using agroclimatic information (climatic, land use/soil, and climate change and extreme weather events risk) together with other socioeconomic factors. Approximately 15.3% of Mexican territory is available for JCL production yielding a biodiesel production of 9.683 Mm3/year. Amelioration of the available land is necessary to improve land selection. GIS-based analysis represents a first approach to establish a successful biodiesel project that avoids, competition with food or feed production, maintains biodiversity conservation, and promotes biofuel supply chain development. This procedure would also be applicable to other energy crops such as oil palm and Ricinus communis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
PRIMA DIARINI RIAJAYA ◽  
BUDI HARIYONO

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian lapang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai PenelitianTanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Muktiharjo, Pati dengan tekstur tanah liatberdebu mulai tahun 2007 sampai 2009. Penelitian bertujuan untukmengetahui respon pengairan terhadap produksi dan kadar minyak bijijarak pagar. Jarak pagar ditanam pada bulan Februari 2007. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan petak berjalur dengan tiga ulangan yang terdiridari dua faktor, yaitu faktor pertama : provenan IP-1A, IP-1M, dan IP-1P,dan faktor kedua yaitu kriteria pengairan : kontrol (tanpa pengairan),pengairan saat kandungan air tanah mencapai 35, 50, dan 65%. Pengairandiberikan selama musim kemarau. Pemangkasan pertama dilakukan padatahun II yaitu awal musim hujan (September 2008). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa tambahan pengairan hanya diperlukan pada tahunpertama. Produksi biji jarak pagar tidak dipengaruhi oleh irigasi mulaitahun II sehingga tanaman jarak pagar tidak memerlukan tambahanpengairan selama musim kemarau dan dapat beradaptasi pada berbagaiketersediaan air tanah terutama pada daerah dengan curah hujan tahunan1.200-1.500 mm. Produksi biji IP-1P pada tahun I mencapai 258,7 kg/halebih tinggi dibanding IP-1A yaitu 148,11 kg/ha bila diairi saat kandunganair tanah 65%. Bila tidak diairi atau pengairan terbatas, produksi biji IP-1Adan IP-1P akan menurun masing-masing 37-59 dan 17-31%. Pada berbagaiperlakuan pengairan pada tahun II dan III, kisaran produksi biji 842-975dan 818-966 kg/ha. Pada tahun II, tanaman IP-1P menghasilkan produksibiji tertinggi (1.369 kg/ha) dibanding IP-1A (737 kg/ha) dan IP-1M (631kg/ha). Selanjutnya pada tahun III, produksi biji IP-1P (1.268 kg/ha) tetaplebih unggul dibanding IP-1A (902 kg/ha) dan IP-1M (416 kg/ha).Keunggulan IP-1P dibanding provenan lainnya adalah kemampuannyayang lebih tinggi dalam membentuk cabang produktif dan buah. Tambahanpengairan selama musim kemarau pada tahun I selain untuk meningkatkanproduksi biji juga meningkatkan kandungan minyak biji IP-1A dari 27,26menjadi 29,89% dan IP-1P dari 26,54 menjadi 30,05%. Selanjutnya padatahun II, tambahan pengairan sampai kandungan air tanah 50% tidakmempengaruhi kandungan minyak biji IP-1A, IP-1M, dan IP-1P.</p><p>Kata kunci: Jarak pagar, ketersediaan air tanah, pengairan, produksi biji,kandungan minyak biji</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effects of irrigation on seed production and oil content ofthree provenances of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.)</p><p>A field experiment was conducted at the experiment station ofIndonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute in Muktiharjo, Pation a soil texture of silty clay for three years from 2007 to 2009. Theexperiment aimed to investigate the response of irrigation on productionand oil content of jatropha seed. Jatropha was planted in February 2007.The experiment used a striped plot design with three replicates. Itconsisted of two factors, firstly three provenances : IP-1A, IP-1M, and IP-1P, and secondly four irrigation levels : control (no irrigation), irrigationwhen available soil water content reached 35, 50, and 65%. Irrigation wasapplied during the dry season. The first pruning was done in the secondyear during rainy season (September 2008). The results showed thatsupplementary irrigation was needed only in the first year. The productionof jatropha seeds was not affected by irrigation from the second year on.The plants did not require additional irrigation during the dry season andthey well adapted to different soil available water, especially in areas withannual rainfall of 1,200-1,500 mm. When no irrigation supply or underinsufficient moisture content, the seed yield of IP-1A and IP-1P decreasedby 37-59 and 17-31%. In the second and third years, seed production of allirrigation treatments ranged from 842-975 and about 818-966 kg/ha. IP-1Pproduced the highest seed yield (1,369 kg/ha) compared to IP-1A (737kg/ha) and IP-1M (631 kg/ha) second year. In the third year, seedproduction of IP-1P was 1,268 kg/ha which was still more superior thanIP-1A (902 kg/ha) and IP-1M (416 kg/ha). Compared to the other twoprovenances, IP-1P was higher ability in producing productive branchesand fruits. In addition to increase in seed production, supplementaryirrigation during the dry season in the first year also increased seed oilcontent from 27.26 to 29.89% for IP-1A and from 26.54 to 30.05% for IP-1P. Furthermore, in the second year an additional irrigation to soilavailable water of 50% did not affect the seed oil content of allprovenances.</p><p>Key words: Jatropha curcas L., soil available water, irrigation, seedyield, seed oil content</p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (49) ◽  
pp. 4406-4413
Author(s):  
Barros Rocha Rodrigo ◽  
Rostand Ramalho Andr eacute ◽  
Galv ecirc as Laviola Bruno ◽  
Afonso Fraga Batista Hilder ◽  
Roberto Vieira J uacute nior Jos eacute ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (110) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezzeddine Saadaoui ◽  
José Javier Martín ◽  
Rebeh Bouazizi ◽  
Chokri Ben Romdhane ◽  
Mohamed Grira ◽  
...  

Se sembraron en el sur de Túnez (Gabès) semillas de ocho accesiones de Jatropha curcas (seis americanas y dos africanas) para estudiar sus propiedades agrícolas y desarrollo en condiciones locales semiáridas. Los caracteres observados incluyen aspectos generales del desarrollo de planta (altura, circunferencia del follaje, número de nodos y producción de semillas); características de las hojas (longitud del peciolo, longitud del limbo, anchura del limbo y superficie foliar); y caracteres de la semilla (tamaño y forma). El análisis morfológico de las semillas incluyó el área de las imágenes, el perímetro, la relación longitud/anchura, el índice de circularidad y el índice J. Este índice refleja la semejanza de las imágenes de cada semilla con una elipse mostrando diferencias en la forma de las mismas entre accesiones. Los genotipos de J. curcas introducidos en Túnez son polimórficos, su producción de semilla es baja y variable entre genotipos. El análisis morfológico de las semillas da una idea en relación con la producción en algunas de las accesiones. Estudios agronómicos comparativos son cruciales antes de la selección.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-263
Author(s):  
Indah Retnowati ◽  
Memen Surahman

Indonesia memiliki banyak  tanah masam, tetapi penggunaan masih sangat sedikit karena kandungan nutrisi tanah masam rendah. Sementara itu, jarak pagar merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh di berbagai jenis tanah (termasuk lahan marjinal) dan penggunaannya sebagai bahan baku biodiesel. Oleh karena itu, perlunya penelitian mengenai pertumbuhan jarak pagar pada tanah masam sebagai upaya untuk mengembangkan jarak pagar dan penggunaannya di Indonesia.Untuk memulai upaya, penelitian tentang berbagai genotipe jarak pagar di tanah masam telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mempelajari genotipe jarak pagar  yang berpotensi untuk tanah masam. Penelitian ini dilakukan di UPTD Pengembangan Teknologi Lahan Kering Singabraja, Kecamatan Tenjo, Bogor, Jawa Barat, dari November 2010-Agustus 201. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan satu faktor yaitu genotipe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbagai perbedaan pada pertumbuhan diantara genotipe-genotipe jarak pagar. Secara umum, ada lima genotipe jarak pagar yang terbaik di tanah masam (pH 5.0) yaitu Medan I-5-1, Dompu, IP-2P-3-4-1, Sulawesi, dan Bima M.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Giraldi-Díaz ◽  
Lorena De Medina-Salas ◽  
Eduardo Castillo-González ◽  
Max De la Cruz-Benavides

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