Assessment of Biochemical, Hematological and Behavioral Biomarkers of Cyprinus carpio on exposure to a type-II Pyrethroid insecticide Alpha-cypermethrin

2021 ◽  
pp. 103717
Author(s):  
Suman Bej ◽  
Koushik Ghosh ◽  
Arnab Chatterjee ◽  
Nimai Chandra Saha
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticide ◽  
Type Ii

Effects of IconÒ, a pyrethroid insecticide on early pregnancy of rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
W D Ratnasooriya ◽  
S SK Ratnayake ◽  
Y NA Jayatunga
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticide ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Post Implantation ◽  
Different Doses

IconÒ is a water miscible type II synthetic pyrethroid insecticide based on active ingredient lambda cyhalothrin (10% w/w). It is used in Sri Lanka as an adulticidal indoor spray against malaria vector mosquitoes. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of IconÒ on pregnancy outcome of rats when exposed during early pregnancy (days 1 / 7). IconÒ was gavaged daily for 7 consecutive days in three different doses; 63, 83, or 125 mg/kg/day (active ingredient; lambda cyhalothrin; 6.3, 8.3, 12.5 mg/kg/day), respectively. Several parameters of reproduction and preand post-natal development were monitored. The results show that IconÒ is detrimental to pregnancy outcome (in terms of quantal pregnancy, number of uterine implants, implantation index and foetal deaths) but induced no detectable developmental defects. The anti-reproductive effects of IconÒ were mainly due to increased pre-implantation losses. Enhancement of post-implantation losses played a subsidiary role. These effects resulted from multiple mechanisms: maternal toxicity, stress, uterotropic activity and embryo-foetotoxicity. Further progesterone had a protective effect against IconÒ induced anti-reproductive actions. Overall, the results suggest that exposure to IconÒ during early gestation may result in a threat to pregnancy.

scholarly journals Biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney and adrenal gland of rats following repeated exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassina Khaldoun Oularbi
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticide ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Group 1

Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a type II pyrethroid insecticide widely used in pest management. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxic effects of LCT on the kidneys and adrenal glands of rats after subacute exposure. Twenty-eight 6-week-old male albino <em>Rattus norvegicus</em> rats were randomly assigned to four groups. Group 1 was the control group, which received distilled water. The experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 received 20.4, 30.6 and 61.2 mg/kg body weight, respectively, of LCT, administered orally over 28 days. The effects of the insecticide on various biochemical parameters were evaluated at 14 and 28 days. Histopathological studies were carried out in the kidneys and adrenal glands at the end of the experiment. Lambda-cyhalothrin, as a pyrethroid insecticide, induced significant increases (P≤0.05) in plasma urea, creatinine, uric acid and glucose concentrations, and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities after 14 and 28 days. In the rat plasma samples after 28 days, residual concentrations of LCT 1R, cis,

Deltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid insecticide, has neurotrophic effects on neurons with continuous activation of the Bdnf promoter

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1091-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Ihara ◽  
Mamoru Fukuchi ◽  
Daisuke Honma ◽  
Ichiro Takasaki ◽  
Mitsuru Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrethroid Insecticide ◽  
Type Ii

Type II Solar Radio Bursts over Solar Cycle 21

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 283-284
Author(s):  
G. Maris ◽  
E. Tifrea
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radio ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Impulsive Phase ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Solar Radio Bursts ◽  
Strong Energy ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
Geophysical Effect ◽  
Radio Event

The type II solar radio bursts produced by a shock wave passing through the solar corona are one of the most frequently studied solar activity phenomena. The scientific interest in this type of phenomenon is due to the fact that the presence of this radio event in a solar flare is an almost certain indicator of a future geophysical effect. The origin of the shock waves which produce these bursts is not at all simple; besides the shocks which are generated as a result of a strong energy release during the impulsive phase of a flare, there are also the shocks generated by a coronal mass ejection or the shocks which appear in the interplanetary space due to the supplementary acceleration of the solar particles.

Heat-Etching with a Bullivant Type II Simple Freeze-Cleave Device

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Weinstein ◽  
N. Scott McNutt
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The University

The Type I simple cold block device was described by Bullivant and Ames in 1966 and represented the product of the first successful effort to simplify the equipment required to do sophisticated freeze-cleave techniques. Bullivant, Weinstein and Someda described the Type II device which is a modification of the Type I device and was developed as a collaborative effort at the Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The modifications reduced specimen contamination and provided controlled specimen warming for heat-etching of fracture faces. We have now tested the Mass. General Hospital version of the Type II device (called the “Type II-MGH device”) on a wide variety of biological specimens and have established temperature and pressure curves for routine heat-etching with the device.

Ultrastructure of pulmonary microvasculature in acute endotoxemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-471
Author(s):  
R. G. Gerrity ◽  
M. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Interstitial Edema ◽  
Pulmonary Capillaries ◽  
Lung Ultrastructure ◽  
Fibrin Thrombi

Dogs were injected intravenously with E_. coli endotoxin (2 mg/kg), and lung samples were taken at 15 min., 1 hr. and 24 hrs. At 15 min., occlusion of pulmonary capillaries by degranulating platelets and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) was evident (Fig. 1). Capillary endothelium was intact but endothelial damage in small arteries and arterioles, accompanied by intraalveolar hemorrhage, was frequent (Fig. 2). Sloughing of the surfactant layer from alveolar epithelium was evident (Fig. 1). At 1 hr., platelet-PML plugs were no longer seen in capillaries, the endothelium of which was often vacuolated (Fig. 3). Interstitial edema and destruction of alveolar epithelium were seen, and type II cells had discharged their granules into the alveoli (Fig. 4). At 24 hr. phagocytic PML's were frequent in peripheral alveoli, while centrally, alveoli and vessels were packed with fibrin thrombi and PML's (Fig. 5). In similar dogs rendered thrombocytopenic with anti-platelet serum, lung ultrastructure was similar to that of controls, although PML's were more frequently seen in capillaries in the former (Fig. 6).

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