Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses in kleptomania and pathological gambling: a preliminary comparison study

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinhas N. Dannon ◽  
Katherine Lowengrub ◽  
Marina Sasson ◽  
Bosmat Shalgi ◽  
Lali Tuson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
High Prevalence

AbstractKleptomania and pathological gambling (PG) are currently classified in the DSM IV as impulse control disorders. Impulse control disorders are characterized by an overwhelming temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the person or others. The patient usually feels a sense of tension before committing the act and then experiences pleasure or relief while in the process of performing the act. Kleptomania and PG are often associated with other comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Forty-four pathological gamblers and 19 kleptomanics were included in this study. All enrolled patients underwent a complete diagnostic psychiatric evaluation and were examined for symptoms of depression and anxiety using the Hamilton depression rating scale and the Hamilton anxiety rating scale, respectively. In addition, the patients completed self-report questionnaires about their demographic status and addictive behavior. The comorbid lifetime diagnoses found at a high prevalence among our kleptomanic patients included 47% with affective disorders (9/19) and 37% with anxiety disorders (7/19). The comorbid lifetime diagnoses found at a high prevalence in our sample of pathological gamblers included 27% with affective disorders (12/44), 21% with alcohol abuse (9/44), and 7% with a history of substance abuse (3/44). A larger study is needed to confirm these preliminary results.

Treatments for Pathological Gambling and Other Impulse Control Disorders

2007 ◽  
pp. 561-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon E. Grant ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Drug Treatments

Several controlled outcome studies (Type 1 and Type 2) suggest that specific behavioral (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT]) and pharmacological (e.g., naltrexone, nalmefene, lithium) treatments significantly reduce the symptoms of pathological gambling in the short term compared with wait-list or placebo. Although long-term effects of manual-based CBT have been observed in several small studies, the long-term benefits of pharmacological treatment have not been adequately tested. No studies combining behavioral and pharmacological therapies have been published to date. Thus, the potential benefit of combining behavioral and drug treatments for pathological gambling remains to be investigated systematically. Although several studies (Type 1 and Type 2) suggest that CBT is effective for trichotillomania, pharmacological treatment studies for this disorder have shown mixed results. Similarly, controlled pharmacological studies (Type 1 and Type 2) of compulsive buying have demonstrated mixed results. Limited treatment studies exist for other impulse control disorders (kleptomania, intermittent explosive disorder), although various pharmacological and psychological treatments have shown promise in uncontrolled studies.

Attentional bias in pathological gambling. A review

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
E.J.V. Vizcaino ◽  
M.M. Mayor ◽  
I.M. Gras ◽  
G.P. Alfaro ◽  
G.R. Valladolid
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Modified Stroop ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
Dsm Iv

RationalePathological gambling (PG) is a relatively prevalent psychiatric disorder, which is included in the category of Impulse Control Disorders of the DSM-IV TR. It's prevalence is 1%. Dopamine is the main neurotransmitter involved in it. Attentional bias (AB) is a phenomenon whereby attentional channelling is directed toward personally valued stimuli, despite an individual's efforts to ignore them. AB have been previously described in several Substance Use Disorders (SUD) such as alcoholism and cocaine use disorders.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the current evidence of the presence of AB associated to PG.MethodsWe performed a systematic search in PubMed (1980-Present) to identify publications that examined the existence of AB in PG.ResultsTo date, two studies have found the existence of an AB in pathological gamblers. Both studies have been performed using a modified Stroop procedure, and report that gamblers show an automatic interference when naming the color of gambling-related words.ConclusionsPG could be conceptualized as an addictive behavior and we can hypothesize a link between addiction and automaticity. There is a relationship between AB (cognitive dimension) and subjective craving (emotional dimension), so that high levels of craving can be both, a cause of, and a consequence of, an elevation of AB of gambling-related cues. Even so, there is little research in this field to date. Further studies are warranted using new paradigms for the assessment of AB in PG.

Sociodemographic, neuropsychiatric and cognitive characteristics of pathological gambling and impulse control disorders NOS in Parkinson׳s disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco E. Pontieri ◽  
Francesca Assogna ◽  
Clelia Pellicano ◽  
Claudia Cacciari ◽  
Sara Pannunzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics

CS01-01 - Pathological gambling: impulse controle disorder or addiction?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1767-1767
Author(s):  
W. van den Brink
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Recreational Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Neurobiological Substrates

Gambling is a recreational activity with many participants all over the world. However, some people, especially with certain games, loose control over their gambling behavior resulting in serious problems for the person and his or her environment. The problematic nature and the underlying psychopathology is recognized by the fact that pathological gambling is an existing diagnosis in most psychiatric classification systems. In most of these systems, pathological gambling is categorized under the group of impulse control disorders. However, in DSM5, is likely to become one of the addiction and pathological become a gambling addiction.In this presentation, we discuss the similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders in terms of the phenomenology, comorbidity, genetics, temperamental antecedents, neurochemistry, cognitive abnormalities, neurobiological substrates, course and response to psychological and pharmacological treatments. It is concluded that pathological gambling is more similar to substance use disorders than to impulse control disorders and that a move in the classification towards the category of addictions seems to be justified.

Assessment Instruments for Impulsivity and Impulse Control Disorders

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis K. Matusiewicz ◽  
Brady Reynolds ◽  
Carl W. Lejuez
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Psychometric Data

This chapter provides a review of measures used to assess the impulse control disorders (ICDs) included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., DSM-IV) and those proposed for DSM-V, as well as measures used to assess the related psychological construct of impulsivity implicated in the development and maintenance of ICDs. We first present instruments used to assess ICDs including diagnostic interviews, as well as self-report and clinician-rated measures of symptom severity. Second, we present self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity. The review includes theoretical rationales, procedural details, and empirical evidence, including detailed psychometric data for each measure to provide a comprehensive guide to the assessment of ICDs and the construct of impulsivity.

scholarly journals Non-motor symptom burden in patients with Parkinson’s disease with impulse control disorders and compulsive behaviours: results from the COPPADIS cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jesús ◽  
◽  
M. A. Labrador-Espinosa ◽  
A. D. Adarmes ◽  
C. Méndel-Del Barrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Dopamine Agonists ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Abstract The study was aimed at analysing the frequency of impulse control disorders (ICDs) and compulsive behaviours (CBs) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and in control subjects (CS) as well as the relationship between ICDs/CBs and motor, nonmotor features and dopaminergic treatment in PD patients. Data came from COPPADIS-2015, an observational, descriptive, nationwide (Spain) study. We used the validated Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease-Rating Scale (QUIP-RS) for ICD/CB screening. The association between demographic data and ICDs/CBs was analyzed in both groups. In PD, this relationship was evaluated using clinical features and treatment-related data. As result, 613 PD patients (mean age 62.47 ± 9.09 years, 59.87% men) and 179 CS (mean age 60.84 ± 8.33 years, 47.48% men) were included. ICDs and CBs were more frequent in PD (ICDs 12.7% vs. 1.6%, p < 0.001; CBs 7.18% vs. 1.67%, p = 0.01). PD patients had more frequent previous ICDs history, premorbid impulsive personality and antidepressant treatment (p < 0.05) compared with CS. In PD, patients with ICDs/CBs presented younger age at disease onset, more frequent history of previous ICDs and premorbid personality (p < 0.05), as well as higher comorbidity with nonmotor symptoms, including depression and poor quality of life. Treatment with dopamine agonists increased the risk of ICDs/CBs, being dose dependent (p < 0.05). As conclusions, ICDs and CBs were more frequent in patients with PD than in CS. More nonmotor symptoms were present in patients with PD who had ICDs/CBs compared with those without. Dopamine agonists have a prominent effect on ICDs/CBs, which could be influenced by dose.

Pathological Gamblers are Neither Impulsive Nor Sensation—Seekers

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive C. Allcock ◽  
David M. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

Ten pathological gamblers, ten alcoholics, ten heroin addicts and twenty five non-patients were compared using Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) and Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS). The pathological gamblers did not differ from the non-patient group on either measure. Drug addicts scored significantly higher and alcoholics significantly lower than the pathological gamblers and the non-patient group on the SSS, while drug addicts scored significantly higher than the other groups on the BIS. The difficulties in defining impulsivity are discussed. It is suggested that the classification of pathological gambling as a disorder of impulse control should be reconsidered.

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