Cognitive behavioral approaches to coping with suffering and hardship

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S560-S560
Author(s):  
J. Vyskocilova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
M. Ociskova ◽  
Z. Sedlackova ◽  
M. Slepecky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Approaches

IntroductionLow level of ability to endure discomfort, hardship and distress, which are integral parts of adverse life events, may lead to loss of mental stability and maintenance of psychological disorder.MethodReview of literature and case descriptions.ResultsThe patient often tries to cope with their suffering through avoidance and compensatory behavior which may relieve his suffering immediately; however, in the long term, it leads to the deterioration in the quality of his life and the persistence of suffering. Cognitive behavioral approaches focused on increasing the ability to endure unpleasant and distressful life experiences, allow the patient to better bear the inevitable losses in life, which he is exposed to, endure his anxiety, sadness, and the urge to impulsive action or escape; so the patient have more possibilities to act more freely, functionally and purposefully. Modern cognitive behavioral approaches, such as Dialectic Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Compassion Focused Therapy developed and applied therapeutic methods designed to increase the patient's resistance to suffering and his ability to cope it better. These approaches are applied not only in patients with chronic psychiatric disorders, but also in patients with chronic physical illnesses and permanent disability.ConclusionsThe modern CBT strategies can help patients to increase his/her resistance to the distress, discomfort and suffering.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Long Term Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Patients with Health Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S111-S112
Author(s):  
K.E. Veddegjaerde
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Long Term Effect

IntroductionCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been found to be an effective treatment of excessive health anxiety (HA), but the long-term effect over 18months has not been examined.ObjectivesSeveral studies have shown effect of CBT for HA-patients. However, these effects have been short or immediate after therapy. To our knowledge no studies have examined long-term effect of CBT for HA over 18 months.AimsTo investigate the long-term effect of CBT on HA, focusing on level of HA, quality of life, subjective health complaints and general anxiety. Follow-up time was at least 10 years. Our hypothesis was that the effect was sustained.MethodsPatients with HA received 16 sessions of CBT over a period of 12–18 months, and were followed up over at least 10 years. All patients fulfilled criteria for F45.2, hypochondriacal disorder according to ICD-10.The patients answered several questionnaires, exploring areas such as HA, Quality of life, somatization, and mental health problems. Questionnaires were answered before CBT, after CBT and at follow up. Mixed model analysis was performed in SPSS 23.0 for all questionnaires.ResultsAll scores were found to be significant in the Pre-CBT–Post-CBT and Pre-CBT–FU (0.034– < 0.001), and none were found to be significant in the Post-CBT–FU.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that for the majority of patients with HA, CBT has a significant and lasting long-term effect. This effect lasts up to ten years post therapy.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Psychotherapeutic interventions in Tinnitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S561-S561
Author(s):  
M. Silva ◽  
A.R. Figueiredo ◽  
A. Fornelos ◽  
P. Macedo ◽  
S. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Techniques ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionTinnitus is defined as the subjective or objective perception of a hearing sensation in the absence of a corresponding external stimulus. It is a very common medical symptom, and some studies show that 5 to 15% of adults had tinnitus in life. It is a condition that could be chronic and for some patients could be very debilitating. Anxiety and depression are common findings in patients with tinnitus. Tinnitus can also interfere with sleep and concentration and affect the quality of life of patients. The heterogeneity of the etiology, pathophysiology and clinical features of tinnitus probably exacerbate the variability of response to treatment of the population and the decision on the best treatment option could be complex.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is try to understand how the psychotherapeutic interventions may be useful in the treatment of tinnitus.MethodsBibliographic research in Pubmed.ResultsCurrently there are no available effective pharmacological treatments. In some cases, surgical interventions may be effective with respect to ear pathology, but not to tinnitus. Most studies show that psychological interventions are needed to reduce the distress and the impact caused by tinnitus in patients’ lives and the cognitive-behavioral therapy is the primary therapeutic intervention in chronic tinnitus.ConclusionAlthough cognitive-behavioral techniques demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of the distress and impact caused by tinnitus, little is known about the mechanisms by which this technique achieves this effect, therefore most authors suggest that further studies should be conducted in this area.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Definition, Epidemiology, Clinical Course and Outcomes in Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S67-S67
Author(s):  
J. Seppala ◽  
J. Miettunen ◽  
E. Jääskeläinen ◽  
M. Isohanni ◽  
A. Seppälä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Definition Of

Based on a systematic review on TRS 285 studies were included regarding definitions of TRS (n = 11), genetics (18), brain structure and functioning (18), cognition (8), other neurobiological studies (16), medication (158), psychotherapy and cognitive rehabilitation (12), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) (15), prognosis (21), and other miscellaneous studies (8). Definitions of TRS varied notably. TRS was associated with 3 to 11-fold higher healthcare costs than schizophrenia in general. One-fifth to one-third of all patients with schizophrenia were considered to be resistant to treatment. Based on limited evidence of genetics, brain structure and functioning and cognition, TRS may present as a different disorder with different etiology compared to non-TRS. Clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, ECT and cognitive-behavioral therapy have shown effectiveness, although the number of studies and quality of research on interventions is limited. About 40% to 70% of TRS patients had an unfavorable prognosis. Younger age, living in a rural or less urban area, primary education level, more psychiatric hospital treatment days in the year before first schizophrenia diagnosis, inpatient at first schizophrenia diagnosis, paranoid subtype, comorbid personality disorder and previous suicide attempt may be risk factors associated with TRS.TRS is a poorly defined, studied and understood condition. To create a framework of knowledge for TRS, as a basis to develop innovative studies on treatment, there is a need for a consensus on the definition of TRS. Prospective long-term prognostic and novel treatment intervention studies are needed [1].Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Can cognitive behavioral-therapy increase the quality of life and self-efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis patients?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Rahmania Qurrota A'yun ◽  
Nurul Hartini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Permanent Disability

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune illness rarely found in Indonesia. The sufferers mostly are women. This illness affects both the physical and psychological conditions of the sufferers. The symptoms appear almost every day and can cause permanent disability, and even death. It disrupts the quality of life and daily activities of the sufferers, as well as decreases their self-reliance in trying to curing the illness. The provision of cognitive-behavioral therapy is expected to increase their quality of life and self-efficacy. The method used in this study was a single case experiment with a single-subject A-B design. Visual analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the quality of life and self-efficacy of the three subjects increased with the effect size score of 0.8. The women with rheumatoid arthritis had improved knowledge about their illness, decreases in pain, fatigue, and relapses; increased ability to manage the symptoms of the illness; and confidence that they could do their daily activities better.

A technology for providing therapeutic training of children with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S455-S455
Author(s):  
P.T. ◽  
E. Mykhailova ◽  
T. Matkovska ◽  
N. Reshetovska ◽  
A. Goloborodko
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Projective Drawing ◽  
Competing Interest

Background and aimsThe study considers the problem of the anxiety-depressive disorders (ADD) in children with concomitant obesity in the context of the search for effective methods of their correction.Materials and methodsIncluded 64 children at puberty with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity. Design comprised: clinicopsychopathological, somatoneurological, psychological monitoring (CDRS-R); the Spielberger, “Me and my illness” and “Man in the Rain” projective drawing tests.ResultsThe symptoms of emotional and vegetative tension, depression registered in all studied children.In the developed model of support, the interventions of primary level are aimed on family and closest encirclement of the child (family psychotherapy, psycho-educational programs for children and their parents). Strategies:– stressful situation in the family (practical, psychological support and education of parents);– for relief of depressive and vegetative-anxious symptoms (using art therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy);– for education of patients in the wider context – quality of life, coping, motivation and modification of inappropriate behaviors (modeling of new cognitions).The technology includes the diagnosis of the psychosomatic core of the disease, areas of neurotic fixation of the child with ADD and obesity, correction of emotional homeostasis and cognitive imbalance by activation of the personality individual resources as a result using cognitive-behavioral and art-dynamic therapy, as well as a “Control of eating behavior” training program, and solving certain situational problems by a child with the disease.ConclusionOur method makes the tactics of psychotherapeutic and psycho-educational intervention at an early stage of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Third-Wave Therapies for Long-Term Neurological Conditions: A Systematic Review to Evaluate the Status and Quality of Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-80
Author(s):  
Paula L. Robinson ◽  
Ailsa Russell ◽  
Leon Dysch
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
Neurological Conditions

Background: Adults with long-term neurological conditions can face complex challenges including anxiety and depression. Emerging research suggests the utility of third-wave approaches (the third development of psychotherapies) in working transdiagnostically with these difficulties.Aims: This systematic review sought to summarise and appraise the quality of published empirical studies using third-wave therapies such as Compassion Focused Therapy; Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy or Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction.Method: Review procedures followed PRISMA guidelines, with 437 abstracts screened, 24 full-text articles retrieved and 19 studies found to meet inclusion criteria. Six out of seven randomised studies had unclear or high risk of bias, whilst the majority of non-randomised studies were considered moderate quality.Results: Overall, studies reported a statistically significant reduction in emotional distress. Of the 13 studies that used model-specific process measures, 10 found statistically significant improvements in transdiagnostic factors.Discussion: The findings indicate that third-wave therapies show promise in addressing transdiagnostic difficulties within neurological conditions. A number of methodological and conceptual issues for the included studies were highlighted during the quality appraisal process. Clinical implications include consideration of intervention length and use of outcome measures. Research implications are discussed by considering the progressive stages of development for behavioural treatments.

scholarly journals Advanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Compared With CBT-I: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Seonyeop Kim ◽  
Yoon Jung Shin ◽  
Bomi Park ◽  
Sunyoung Park ◽  
Jung-Won Shin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Objectives: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the first line treatment for insomnia. However, many patients remain with sleep disturbances even after undergoing CBT-I, and those with short sleep durations have shown fewer gains. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is one of the third wave of behavioral therapies, and it is useful in helping patients get flexibility of mind. Therefore, we incorporated its components into CBT-I, came up with an advanced CBT-I program that involves cognitive behavior therapy based on ACT, and examined its efficacy in comparison to that of CBT-I. Methods: Patients with chronic primary insomnia were recruited at the memory center of CHA University Hospital from June to August 2020. To examine the efficacy of advanced CBT-I compared to that of CBT-I, the patients (n=16) were assigned to two groups (CBT-I: n=6; advanced CBT-I: n=10). The patients in each group were treated for 4 weeks (8 sessions). The quality of sleep, severity of insomnia, sleepiness, depression, anxiety, acceptance, efforts to sleep, and dysfunctional beliefs concerning sleep were assessed with self-report questionnaires. Results: The severity of insomnia, quality of sleep, depression, anxiety, acceptance, efforts to sleep, and dysfunctional beliefs concerning sleep improved after both CBT-I and advanced CBT-I treatment. Conclusions: This study examined the efficacy of advanced CBT-I in improving the severity of insomnia, sleep quality, and other symptoms related to sleep. The results suggest that components of ACT were useful for insomnia.

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