Morphophenotypical patterns in patients with negative symptoms in schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s818-s818
Author(s):  
E. Kornetova ◽  
A.V. Semke ◽  
A.N. Kornetov ◽  
E.G. Dmitrieva ◽  
V.V. Dubrovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionPositive-negative dichotomy in course of schizophrenia leads to search for factors which could influence the formation of basic symptoms. The study of patients’ body types and morphological peculiarities according clinical feature of schizophrenia could find some influence factors. Body type and regional morphologic dysplasias (RMD) are basically morphophenotypical patterns available for routine examination in usual clinical psychiatric practice.AimsTo reveal associations between body type, morphologic dysplasias and course of schizophrenia.MethodsAnthropometric, somatoscopy examination of patients with schizophrenia with gradually progressive negative disorders: emotional, volition, thought disturbances, increasing autism and social isolation, stable anhedonia with motivation defect were conducted. The accounted morbidity of 168 patients from the whole group of individuals with schizophrenia was about 10% (128 [76%] males, 40 [23.8%] females). Clinical presentations of schizophrenia met the criteria of ICD-10. Anthropometric investigation was conducted with the help of Martin's anthropometer and major thickness compasses for recognition of body type. RMD was registered descriptively.ResultsIt was shown that in patients with negative course of schizophrenia asthenic body type prevailed (60%) with the accumulation of RMD (94,4%) in comparison with healthy individuals (26.2%, P< 0.001). Among patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia picnic body type prevailed (P < 0.001).ConclusionsAsthenic body type, accumulation of multiple RMD is associated with the domination of negative symptoms and continuous course of schizophrenia. Results of the study indicate the need for a deeper study of this issue on constitutional approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Anti-DNA antibodies in the blood of patients with schizophrenia possess DNA-hydrolyzing activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s247-s248
Author(s):  
E. Ermakov ◽  
L. Smirnova ◽  
L. Sinyanskii ◽  
D. Dobrygina ◽  
A. Semke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Dnase Activity ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
Dna Antibodies ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

IntroductionAutoantibodies (Abs) to different neuronal receptors and DNA were detected in the blood of patients with schizophrenia. Abs hydrolyzing DNA were detected in pool of polyclonal autoantibodies in autoimmune and infectious diseases, such catalytic Abs were named abzymes.ObjectivesTo investigate the level of anti-DNA antibodies and DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG from the serum of patients with schizophrenia depending on leading clinical symptoms.Aims– To measure the concentration of anti-DNA Abs in serum of patients with leading positive and negative symptoms;– to determine DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG.MethodsIn our study, 51 patients were included. The levels of antiDNA Abs were determined using ELISA. DNA-hydrolyzing activity was detected as the level(%) of supercoiled pBluescript DNA transition in circular and linear forms. Statistical analysis was performed in “Statistica 9.0”.ResultsAnti-DNA Abs of patients with schizophrenia not only bind DNA, but quite efficiently hydrolyze the substrate. IgG of patient with schizophrenia were shown to possess DNA hydrolyzing activity. It should be noted that DNAase activity of IgG in patients with schizophrenia with a negative symptoms was significantly higher, than in patients with positive symptoms (Table 1).ConclusionsThe data show a correlation with the level of DNase activity and leading symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Basic symptoms as subjective cognitive deficit in schizophrenia: Cognitive, clinical and functional associations

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S108-S108
Author(s):  
M.L. Vargas ◽  
S. López-Lorenzo ◽  
I. Legascue ◽  
A. Nagore ◽  
P. Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Subjective Complaints ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionBasic symptoms are subjective complaints that present at the early states in psychotic disorders and persist in the long-term. They can be studied using hetero applied clinical instruments or self-administered questionnaires. Basic symptoms can be useful as screening tools in at risk populations.AimsTo determine if basic symptoms (subjective cognitive deficits) are associated with the objectively measured cognitive deficit after controlling for functioning and symptomatology.MethodsOne observational, transversal, psychopathological and neuropsychological study was performed on a schizophrenia outpatients sample (n = 78). Correlations were measured by using Spearman's Rho coefficient. Basic symptoms were registered by using the Frankfurt Complaints Questionnaire (FCQ-3); cognitive status was assessed by Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS); clinical status was assessed by PANSS and Clinical Global Impression (CGI); functional status was measured with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF).ResultsAll the dimensions were related to subjective complaints: cognitive functioning (r = −.38; P < .001); positive symptoms (r = .54; P < .001); negative symptoms (r = .26; P < .02); general symptoms (r = .41; P < .001); CGI (r = .57; P < .001); GAF (r = −.45; P < .001). The association between subjective and objective cognitive deficit remains significative after controlling for the clinical and functional variables, except when controlling for CGI.ConclusionsThe evaluation of basic symptoms with FCQ-3 is related with an objective cognitive deficit and could be useful as a screening tool.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia: Clinical differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s831-s831
Author(s):  
F. Romosan ◽  
L.M. Ienciu ◽  
A.M. Romosan ◽  
R.S. Romosan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

IntroductionSchizoaffective disorder (SAD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are important causes of disability and morbidity. Finding clinical features that can help in their early differentiation may lead to a better understanding of these two nosologic entities.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to find clinical differences between SAD and SZ.MethodsWe selected for this study 83 inpatients from the Timisoara Psychiatric Clinic, diagnosed with either SAD (n = 35) or SZ (n = 48), according to ICD-10 criteria. The research was conducted between 2014 and 2016. Socio-demographic (age, sex, education, marital status) and clinical data were analysed. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess symptom severity.ResultsDelusions of grandiosity were found significantly more frequent in SAD patients (P = 0.001). By contrast, bizzare delusions (P = 0.025), derealization phenomena (P = 0.03) and negative symptoms (P = 0.003) appeared more frequent in schizophrenic patients. We found no significant differences between the two samples regarding onset age, number of episodes, duration of episode, duration of remission and suicidal thoughts/attempts. Although the SZ sample had higher BPRS total scores than SAD patients, the differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionsEven though SAD and SZ are very similar in respect to their clinical presentation, this study also revealed certain differences that may enhance specific knowledge regarding these two disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

15 years and counting – How are schizophrenic patients with long hospitalization time?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S576-S577
Author(s):  
M.A. Duarte ◽  
B. Lourenço ◽  
A. Ponte ◽  
A. Caixeiro
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Behaviour Changes

IntroductionCentro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa (C.H.P.L.), in Lisbon, Portugal, is the biggest psychiatric hospital in Portugal and one of the oldest still working. Along with acute inpatient clinics it has long duration inpatient units with 226 patients.Objectives/aimsCharacterize and improve the therapeutic approaches in patients committed to the long duration inpatient unit with long hospitalization times and the diagnose of schizophrenia.MethodsDuring the month of September 2015 all patients, committed before 2000 who fulfilled the diagnosis criteria ICD 10, F20.X (Schizophrenia) were characterized regarding age, gender, time of hospitalization and were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).ResultsFrom the original sample (n = 226), 31 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 64.4 years (min 50–max 91) and the majority were male (67.7%; n = 21). The mean years of hospitalization were 28.7 years (min 15–max 60). The average total PANSS score was 99.8 (positive symptoms: 25.4; negative symptoms: 29.9; general symptoms: 44.4).ConclusionsAlthough in last decades many psychiatric hospitals were closed and community approaches to treatment of the mentally ill were the direction preconized by several international organizations, some patients still “live” in the hospital. Mostly, as we found in our study, have a severe, refractory disease, sometimes with behaviour changes that unable them to be discharged. With the continuous evolution of psychopharmacological drug treatment, this paradigm may change. Meanwhile other therapeutic approaches should be used to improve the disease symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Efficacy of memantine in schizophrenic patients: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s824-s824
Author(s):  
C. Montemitro ◽  
M.C. Spano ◽  
M. Lorusso ◽  
G. Baroni ◽  
G. Di Iorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Sigma 1 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Image Position

IntroductionSeveral evidences support the hypothesis that glutamatergic dysfunction may be implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and in the last few year great interest has been focused on the role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Memantine is a noncompetitive NMDARs antagonist, binds the same site of NMDARs of Mg2+, endogenous blocker of NMDARs, with moderate affinity, rapid unblocking kinetics and strong functional voltage-dependency. Memantine does not affect the physiological activation of NMDARs whereas it blocks the sustained activation under pathological conditions. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that memantine at high concentrations targets many receptors, including serotonin, nicotinic acetylcholine, sigma-1 and serotonin and dopamine receptors.ObjectivesIncreasing interest in memantine add-on therapy in schizophrenic patients with negative and cognitive symptoms may suggest that memantine could be a new promising treatment in schizophrenia.AimsThe aim of this update was to evaluate clinical data about the memantine effectiveness in schizophrenic patients.MethodsWe searched on PubMed to identify original studies about the use of memantine in treatment of schizophrenic patients. The search conducted on June 16th, 2016 yielded 135 records. Neuf papers met our inclusion criteria.ResultsNegative symptoms improved in the large majority of patients treated, however there is not a clear evidence on cognitive and positive symptoms (Table 1)ConclusionsMemantine therapy in schizophrenic patients has given unclear results. It seems that memantine improves mainly negative symptoms, while cognitive and positive symptoms did not improve significantly. Further trials with a more numerous sample are required obtain an objective result.Table 1Observation during Memantime administration.↓: reduction in severity of symptoms; -: no relevant modifications; +: onset of new symptomsDisclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Clinical and Dynamic Characteristics оf Therapeutic Remissions after Acute Paranoid Psychoses in Schizophrenic Patients Treated with Antipsychotics of Various Generations

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
S. A. Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Psychometric Assessment ◽  
Atypical Neuroleptics ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Background: the comparative aspect of the clinical-diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of long-term remissions treated with antipsychotics of various generations in patients with shift-like schizophrenia remains poorly studied and retains scientific and practical actuality. The purpose of the study: a comparative study of the therapeutic effect of antipsychotics of different generations on clinical-psychopathological peculiarities and the dynamics of 2-year remissions after acute paranoid states in patients with shift-like schizophrenia. Patients and methods: 34 female patients (average age made up 26.9 years old) were diagnosed in shift-like schizophrenia with a clinical picture of the attack as acute paranoid syndrome (F20.02 according to ICD-10). 16 patients received treatment with typical neuroleptics (TN), other 18 patients received atypical neuroleptics (ATN). The study was conducted as an open prospective, using clinical-psychopathological, clinical-catamnestic and clinical-psychometric methods. The mental state of patients was assessed four times: upon admission to the hospital in acute psychosis (1 point), when entering remission (2 points), after 1 and 2 years of remission (3 and 4 points). In psychometric assessment was used calculated for 1 patient indices of the main total score of all signs (MTS) and main score of 1 sign (MS) of the PANSS scale and its subscales of positive (P), negative (N) and general psychopathological (G) syndromes. Results: at the end of the active treatment with both types of antipsychotics at the 2 point of assessment, was reduced MS of positive symptoms P+G subscales from 3.3 to 1.7 scores on TN and from 3.8 to 2.2 scores on ATN, with a remission and stabilization of the achieved improvement with reduction of MS at 4 points up to 1.5. MS of negative symptoms by the 2 nd  year of remission on ATN decreased from 2.7 to 2.0 in parallel with the reduction of positive signs by P + G; on TN there was an increase in MS indices of subscale N from 2.3 to 2.7 scores. The assessment of negative disorders is discussed as “secondary” negative due to the phenomenologically is assumed with the symptoms of the positive syndrome and the effects of neurolepsy. Conclusion: TN and ATN exhibit a similar “antipsychotic” effect in the treatment of acute paranoid psychoses in shift-like schizophrenia patients with the formation of long-term high quality remissions, stabilization of degrees of reducted productive psychopathological symptoms and with the absence of the progredience disease. To optimize the therapeutic effect of both types of antipsychotics, it is recommended correction of the regime and the term in transition from active to maintenance therapy and prescription of neurolepsy correctors to reduce severity in the picture of “secondary” negative symptoms.

Basic symptoms in deficit states and their relation to negative symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Frauke Schultze-Lutter
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
First Psychotic Episode

Basic symptoms are subtle, subjectively experienced disturbances in mental processes including thinking, speech, attention, perception, drive, stress tolerance, and affect, originally described by Gerd Huber. Basic symptoms are present in prodromal, psychotic, and residual/deficit states of schizophrenia and have been conceptualized as the most immediate psychopathological expression of the neurobiological abnormalities underlying the development and persistence of psychosis. Basic symptoms are currently mostly recognized for their potential to detect psychosis prior to the first psychotic episode and, thus, for their ability to herald persistent positive symptoms. Although initially described to facilitate understanding of deficit states in schizophrenia, their contribution to negative symptoms has less been studied, although the evaluation of basic symptoms helps in improving understanding of the psychopathology—including differentiation of primary and secondary negative symptoms—and course of schizophrenia and in planning better treatment.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of first-admitted patients with ICD-10 schizotypal disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (S48) ◽  
pp. s49-s54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Handest ◽  
Josef Parnas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

BackgroundThe clinical picture of schizotypal disorders is rarely comprehensively described.AimsTo describe psychopathological profiles of patients with ICD-10 schizotypal disorder.MethodA total of 151 first-admitted patients (with affective and somatic disorders excluded) were given a comprehensive psychopathological evaluation, including the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms. Patients with schizotypal disorder (n=50) were compared with those with psychosis (n=51) and those outside the schizophrenia spectrum (other diagnoses, n=50) on a number of psychopathological scales.ResultsPatients with schizotypal disorder scored intermediately between patients with psychosis and other diagnoses on scales related to positive and negative symptoms, disorders of emotional contact and formal thought disorder, but had the same scores as patients with schizophrenia for subtle aberrations of subjective experience. Schizotypal criteria were not normally distributed with an excess of patients between 2 and 6 criteria. Family history of schizophrenia was equally elevated among those with schizotypal disorder and those with psychosis.ConclusionsICD-10 schizotypy represents a milder, less psychotic, variant of schizophrenia but there is no clear-cut division between the two disorders.

Problems of patients with schizophrenic disorders and of their families

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dino Lanzara ◽  
Ugo Cosentino ◽  
Anna Maria Lo Maglio ◽  
Antonio Lora ◽  
Anna Nicolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Family Burden ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Service Information ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

SummaryObjective — To evaluate psychopathological symptoms, disabilities and family burden in schizophrenic patients and to analyse predictors of family burden and relatives' satisfaction. Design — Descriptive study of 203 patients with an ICD 10 — F2 diagnosis (schizophrenia and related disorders) in contact with the Desio Department of Mental Health on 31st December 1994. Setting — The Desio Department of Mental Health. Main outcome measures — The patients have been evaluated in three areas: disability (by ADC-DAS), psychiatric symptoms (by 24 items BPRS) and family burden (by Family Problems questionnaire). The outpatient, hospital and residential care contacts of the patients have been collected for six months by our service information system. For each area (DAS, BPRS and FP) a principal component analysis and a rotation of the significant components have been performed. Eleven factors, derived from three scales, have been retained as explanatory variables. Finally, a multiple regression analysis has been performed to assess the influence of explanatory variables on the set of response variables regarding family burden and relatives' satisfaction. Results — One third of patients suffer of moderate-severe positive symptoms, while negative symptoms are less frequent.

scholarly journals Cognitive approach to depression and suicidal thinking in psychosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Birchwood ◽  
Zaffer Iqbal ◽  
Paul Chadwick ◽  
Peter Trower
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Acute Psychosis ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundDepression in schizophrenia is a rather neglected field of study, perhaps because of its confused nosological status. Three course patterns of depression in schizophrenia, including post-psychotic depression (PPD), are proposed.AimsWe chart the ontogeny of depression and psychotic symptoms from the acute psychotic episode over a 12-month period and test the validity of the proposed course patterns.MethodOne hundred and five patients with ICD–10 schizophrenia were followed up on five occasions over 12 months following the acute episode, taking measures of depression, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, neuroleptic exposure and side-effects.ResultsDepression accompanied acute psychosis in 70% of cases and remitted in line with the psychosis; 36% developed PPD without a concomitant increase in psychotic symptoms.ConclusionsThe results provided support for the validity of two of the three course patterns of depression in schizophrenia, including PPD. Post-psychotic depression occurs de novo without concomitant change in positive or negative symptoms.

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