scholarly journals Predicting suicidal behaviour after first episode of non-affective psychosis: The role of neurocognitive functioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Canal-Rivero ◽  
J.D. López-Moríñigo ◽  
E. Setién-Suero ◽  
M. Ruiz-Veguilla ◽  
J.L. Ayuso-Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackground:Suicide has been recognised as one of the major causes of premature death in psychosis. However, predicting suicidal behaviour (SB) is still challenging in the clinical setting and the association of neurocognition with SB in psychosis remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of neurocognitive performance as predictor of SB. Also, we sought to explore differences in the evolution of clinical and neurocognitive functioning between participants with/without history of suicide attempts (SA) over follow-up period.Methods:The sample of the study is composed by 517 patients. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional and neurocognitive measures were evaluated at baseline as well as 1-year and 3 years after first episode of psychosis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses explored the influence of these variables as putative baseline predictors of SB. Repeated measures analyses of variance tested differences in clinical and neurocognitive outcomes at 1- and 3-year follow-up.Results:Global cognitive functioning (GCF) (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.25–2.67) and severe depressive symptoms (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.07–1.28) predicted SB. Longitudinal analyses revealed that patients with SB at follow-up presented with higher levels of remission in terms of positive psychotic symptoms and depression. In addition, those with a history of SB had worse GCF and visual memory than those without such antecedents.Conclusions:GCF was found to be the most robust predictor of SB along with severe depressive symptomatology. Hence, poorer cognitive performance in FEP appears to emerge as a risk factor for suicidal behaviour from early stages of the illness and a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment may contribute to risk assessment.

Duration of untreated psychosis and its correlates in first episode psychosis: results of the prospective 5-year follow-up study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1534-1534
Author(s):  
Y. Zaytseva ◽  
I. Gurovich ◽  
A. Dorodnova ◽  
L. Movina ◽  
A. Shmukler
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis

IntroductionDuration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is a potentially changeable prognostic factor which can also indicate neurodegenerative process in schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo examine the association of DUP with various characteristics of the course of schizophrenia in first episode patients during 5-year follow-up.MethodsOne-hundred-fourteen patients with first psychotic episodes who have been treated in naturalistic setting within Early Intervention Centre (Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry) were included. Clinical, social and neuropsychological parameters were assessed using standardized instruments.ResultsThe mean duration of untreated psychotic symptoms before admission was 298.66 ± 447.35 days. According to the analysis DUP was found to be significantly associated with the mode of onset (r = 0.51, p ≤ 0.001) level of remission (r = 0.21–0.30, p ≤ 0.05), severity of positive symptoms and negative symptoms in remission mostly at 2nd, 3d and 4th years of observation, poorer level of social adjustment at the 5th year (r = 0.19, p ≤ 0.05). The effect of DUP remained significant after controlling for age, gender and diagnostic variables.Moreover, DUP correlated with the parameters of verbal memory, visual memory and spatial functions during the follow-up (r = 0.29–0.36, p ≤ 0.05, r = 0.28–0.30, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). No correlations have been found between DUP and the age of onset, number of relapses and their duration during 5-year follow-up as well as with other neurocognitive parameters (executive functioning, gnosis, praxis, attention).ConclusionsThe results of the study underline the prognostic value of DUP for predicting clinical and functional outcomes. Association between DUP and poor memory domains supports the notion of neurotoxicity of DUP grasping specific brain regions in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Suicidal behaviour after first-episode psychosis: results from a 1-year longitudinal study in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Coentre ◽  
Alexandra Fonseca ◽  
Tiago Mendes ◽  
Ana Rebelo ◽  
Elisabete Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Background Suicide is one of the main causes of excess of premature death in psychotic patients. Published studies found that suicide risk begins in ultra-high risk of psychosis and continues in early years of the disease. Previous studies identifying predictive and risk factors associated with suicidality in first-episode psychosis (FEP) are highly inconsistent. Also, there are relatively few longitudinal studies on suicidal behaviour in FEP. The aim of this study was to examine prevalence, evolution and predictors of suicidal behaviour at baseline and the 12-month follow-up in patients presenting with FEP. Methods One hundred and eighteen patients presenting with FEP were recruited from two early psychosis units in Portugal. A comprehensive assessment examining socio-demographic and clinical characteristics was administered at baseline and the 12-month follow-up. Odds ratio were calculated using logistic regression analyses. McNemar test was used to evaluate the evolution of suicidal behaviour and depression prevalence from baseline to 12 months of follow-up. Results Follow-up data were available for 60 participants from the 118 recruited. Approximately 25.4% of the patients had suicidal behaviour at the baseline evaluation, with a significant reduction during the follow-up period to 13.3% (p = 0.035). A multivariate binary logistic regression showed that a history of suicidal behaviour and depression at baseline independently predicted suicidal behaviour at baseline, and a history of suicidal behaviour and low levels of total cholesterol predicted suicidal behaviour at the 12-month follow-up. A significant proportion of patients also had depression at the baseline evaluation (43.3%), with the last month of suicidal behaviour at baseline independently predicting depression at this time. Conclusions The findings of our study indicate that suicidal behaviour was prevalent on the year after FEP. Patients with a history of suicidal behaviour, depression at baseline and low levels of cholesterol should undergo close evaluation, monitoring and possible intervention in order to reduce suicide risk in the early phases of psychosis.

scholarly journals The role of premorbid personality and social cognition in suicidal behaviour in first-episode psychosis: A one-year follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Canal-Rivero ◽  
J.D. Lopez-Moriñigo ◽  
M.L. Barrigón ◽  
S. Perona-Garcelán ◽  
C. Jimenez-Casado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Suicidal behaviour and mortality in first-episode psychosis: the OPUS trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (S51) ◽  
pp. s140-s146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Bertelsen ◽  
Pia Jeppesen ◽  
Lone Petersen ◽  
Anne Thorup ◽  
Johan ⊘hlenschlæger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Suicidal Plans

BackgroundThose with first-episode psychosis are at high-risk of suicideAimsTo identify predictive factors for suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts, and to investigate the rate of suicides and other deaths during the 5 years after first diagnosis and initiation of treatmentMethodA longitudinal, prospective, 5-year follow-up study of 547 individuals with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Individuals presenting for their first treatment in mental health services in two circumscribed urban areas in Denmark were included in a randomised controlled trial of integrated v. standard treatment. All participants were followed in the Danish Cause of Death Register for 5 years. Suicidal behaviour and clinical and social status were assessed using validated interviews and rating scales at entry, and at 1- and 2-year follow-upsResultsSixteen participants died during the follow-up. We found a strong association between suicidal thoughts, plans and previous attempts, depressive and psychotic symptoms and young age, and with suicidal plans and attempts at 1- and 2-year follow-upConclusionsIn this first-episode cohort depressive and psychotic symptoms, especially hallucinations, predicted suicidal plans and attempts, and persistent suicidal behaviour and ideation were associated with high risk of attempted suicide

Young Male with Bilateral ICA Dissection: Beyond CADISS Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 251660852098428
Author(s):  
Vikas Bhatia ◽  
Chirag Jain ◽  
Sucharita Ray ◽  
jay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Cervical Artery Dissection ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
History Of

Objective: To report a case of young male with stroke and bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection. Background: Cervical Artery Dissection in Stroke Study trial has provided some insight on management of patients with ICA dissection. However, there is a need to modify the management strategies as per specific clinical scenario. Design/Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 45-year-old male presented with 1 month old history of acute onset numbness of right half of the body with slurring of speech. Computed tomography angiography showed complete occlusion of left cervical ICA just beyond origin with presence of fusiform dilatation and spiral flap in right extracranial cervical ICA. The patient was started on antiplatelets and taken for endovascular procedure using 2-mesh-based carotid stents. Patient was discharged after 3 days on antiplatelet therapy. At 1-year follow-up, there were no fresh symptoms. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the role of successful endovascular management of carotid dissection in a young male. These clinical situations may not be fully represented in trials, and a case-based approach is required.

Role of perfusion defects at follow-up lung scan in predicting recurrences after a first episode of symptomatic pulmonary embolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Villari ◽  
Roberta Pancani ◽  
Ferruccio Aquilini ◽  
Letizia Marconi ◽  
Laura Carrozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Symptomatic Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Lung Scan ◽  
Perfusion Defects

scholarly journals Radiotherapy for Recurrent Keloid: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-91
Author(s):  
Christina Hari Nawangsih Prihharsanti ◽  
Muhamad Rizqi Setyarto ◽  
Dion Firli Bramantyo
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Surrounding Soft Tissue ◽  
History Of

Background: Keloid is a benign growth of connective tissue. There are several risk factors that play a role in keloid growth. Excision surgery is one of the modalities in the treatment of keloids. However, excision surgery alone has a recurrence rate of 45-100%.Case: Male, 37 years old, with complaints arising from a keloid lesions in the left earlobe since three years ago with a history of previous injuries. The lesions is then operated on but always grows back postoperatively. The number of surgeries that have been carried out three times with further treatment in the form of corticosteroid injection. However, keloid still recurrence. Finally it was decided to undergo treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy within a period of no more than 24 hours postoperatively. Follow-up after six months gave good results without recurrence.Discussion: Keloid has a high recurrence rate after excision surgery. Surgery followed by radiotherapy has a low recurrence rate compared to surgery or surgery followed by administration of corticosteroid injections. Radiotherapy as adjuvant therapy for postoperative keloid excision has the role of sterilizing the connective tissue stem cell active fibroblasts and acute inflammatory cells that grow in the early postoperative period. A study states that administration of postoperative radiation with electrons in keloids in the earlobe at a dose of 15 Gy in three fractions gives a low recurrence rate and a low risk of side effects in the surrounding soft tissue. 

scholarly journals S125. THE DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSIGHT AND SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR IN FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS OVER 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S374-S374
Author(s):  
Rosa Ayesa-Arriola ◽  
Jose Maria Pelayo-Teran ◽  
Javier-David Lopez-Morinigo ◽  
Manuel Canal-Rivero ◽  
Esther Setien-Suero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Family involvement in first-episode psychosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Greeshma Mohan ◽  
R. Padmavati ◽  
R. Thara
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Expanding Population

In the Indian secular, pluralistic, and collectivist society, the family is the oldest and the most important institution that has survived through the ages. With rapid urbanization and an ever-expanding population, there is a scarcity of financial and human resources in the area of mental health. Though progressively decreasing in size, families continue to provide a valuable support system, which can be helpful in the management of various stressful situations. Yet, very often this resource is not adequately and appropriately utilized. This chapter describes the role of family involvement in first-episode psychosis, drawing from various research projects carried out by the Schizophrenia Research Foundation (SCARF) and from other Indian centres. It deals with the identification of prodromes, access to care, treatment adherence and follow-up, and stigma.

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