scholarly journals Cropping systems strategy for effective management of Fusarium wilt in safflower

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nageswara Rao ◽  
R. Kalpana Sastry ◽  
P. Craufurd ◽  
H. Meinke ◽  
D. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Effective Management

scholarly journals Distribution and farmers knowledge on Fusarium wilt (Race 1) in cropping systems of Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Oyesigye Elias ◽  
Tinzara William ◽  
Karamura Georgina ◽  
Cosmas Wacal
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Race 1

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum to Prothioconazole and Thiophanate-Methyl and Gene Mutation Conferring Resistance to Thiophanate-Methyl

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Petkar ◽  
David B. Langston ◽  
James W. Buck ◽  
Katherine L. Stevenson ◽  
Pingsheng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Position ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Soilborne Disease

Fusarium wilt, incited by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, is a soilborne disease that affects watermelon production worldwide. Approaches for effective management of Fusarium wilt in watermelon are limited. Studies conducted in recent years indicated that prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl reduced the disease significantly under field conditions. However, effects of the fungicides on different life stages of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum and potential existence of fungicide resistance in F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum populations are unknown. In the present study, effects of prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl on mycelium growth and spore germination of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum isolates collected in watermelon fields in Georgia were determined. In vitro mycelium growth studies indicated that all 100 isolates evaluated were sensitive to prothioconazole; the effective concentration that suppressed mycelium growth by 50% ranged from 0.75 to 5.69 μg/ml (averaged 1.62 μg/ml). In contrast, 33 and 4% of the isolates were resistant to thiophanate-methyl at 10 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. Microconidial germination assays showed that 36 and 64% of the isolates tested were sensitive or intermediately sensitive to prothioconazole at 100 μg/ml but the fungicide did not inhibit spore germination at 10 μg/ml. Sequencing a portion of the β-tubulin gene of eight isolates resistant or sensitive to thiophanate-methyl indicated that fungicide resistance was associated with a point mutation at nucleotide position 200, resulting in a substitution of phenylalanine by tyrosine. This is the first report of isolates of F. oxysporum resistant to thiophanate-methyl. Results of the research suggest that prothioconazole may be a viable option for management of Fusarium wilt of watermelon whereas thiophanate-methyl should be used judiciously due to the existence of isolates resistant to the fungicide.

scholarly journals Characterization and elimination of linkage-drag associated with Fusarium wilt race 3 resistance genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Chitwood-Brown ◽  
Gary E. Vallad ◽  
Tong Geon Lee ◽  
Samuel F. Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Abstract Key message Reducing the size of the I-3 introgression resulted in eliminating linkage-drag contributing to increased sensitivity to bacterial spot and reduced fruit size. The I-7 gene was determined to have no effect on bacterial spot or fruit size, and germplasm is now available with both the reduced I-3 introgression and I-7. Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production is increasingly threatened by Fusarium wilt race 3 (Fol3) caused by the soilborne fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Although host resistance based on the I-3 gene is the most effective management strategy, I-3 is associated with detrimental traits including reduced fruit size and increased bacterial spot sensitivity. Previous research demonstrated the association with bacterial spot is not due to the I-3 gene, itself, and we hypothesize that reducing the size of the I-3 introgression will remedy this association. Cultivars with I-7, an additional Fol3 resistance gene, are available but are not widely used commercially, and it is unclear whether I-7 also has negative horticultural associations. To characterize the effect of I-3 on fruit size, segregating populations were developed and evaluated, revealing that the large I-3 introgression decreased fruit size by approximately 21%. We reduced the I-3 introgression from 5 to 140 kb through successive recombinant screening and crossing efforts. The reduced I-3 introgression and I-7 were then separately backcrossed into elite Florida breeding lines and evaluated for effects on bacterial spot sensitivity and fruit size across multiple seasons. The reduced I-3 introgression resulted in significantly less bacterial spot and larger fruit size than the large introgression, and it had no effect on these horticultural characteristics compared with Fol3 susceptibility. I-7 was also found to have no effect on these traits compared to Fol3 susceptibility. Together, these efforts support the development of superior Fol3-resistant cultivars and more durable resistance against this pathogen.

Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) Control in No-Tillage Cropping Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff M. Stachler ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Field Research ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Wild Carrot

Wild carrot is becoming a serious weed problem in Michigan continuous no-tillage crop production. Greenhouse and field research was conducted to identify effective management strategies for wild carrot control in no-tillage cropping systems. In the greenhouse, PRE applications of acetochlor plus dichlormid (5.8:1 w:w), cyanazine, linuron plus chlorimuron (18:1), and metribuzin plus chlorimuron (10:1) and POST applications of bentazon, CGA-152005, clopyralid, cyanazine, and MON 12000 provided the greatest control of wild carrot seedlings. In the field, PRE and POST treatments containing chlorimuron consistently controlled overwintered wild carrot greater than 71% at 30 d after the POST application in no-tillage soybean. Atrazine, MON 12000, nicosulfuron, and primisulfuron applied POST consistently controlled overwintered wild carrot greater than 78% at 30 DAT in no-tillage corn. Glyphosate at 0.84 or 1.68 kg ae/ha applied in October to established wild carrot provided greater than 74% control the following spring. Early preplant (EPP) applications of glyphosate at 0.84 kg/ha in no-tillage soybean gave 95 and 24% control of overwintered wild carrot in St. Clair and Lenawee Counties, MI, respectively, at 70 DAT. PRE applications of glyphosate at 0.84 kg/ha controlled overwintered wild carrot less than 69% at 58 DAT in no-tillage corn and soybean. Fall applications of 2,4-D ester at 1.12 kg ae/ha provided 18 and 88% control of wild carrot the following spring in Clinton and Lenawee Counties, respectively. EPP applications of 2,4-D ester at 1.12 kg/ha provided 7 and 72% control of overwintered wild carrot in St. Clair and Lenawee Counties, respectively.

scholarly journals Incidence, Spatial Pattern and Temporal Progress of Fusarium Wilt of Bananas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Heck ◽  
Miguel Dita ◽  
Emerson M. Del Ponte ◽  
Eduardo S. G. Mizubuti
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Sigmoidal Curve ◽  
Level Of Aggregation ◽  
The Impact

The effective management of Fusarium wilt of bananas (FW) depends on the knowledge of the disease dynamics in time and space. The objectives of this work were: To estimate disease intensity and impact, and to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamic of FW. Fields planted with Silk (n = 10), Pome (n = 17) or Cavendish (n = 3) banana subgroups were surveyed in Brazil, totaling 95 ha. In each field, all plants were visually assessed and diseased plants were georeferenced. The incidence of FW and the impact of the disease on yield on a regional scale were estimated. Spatial patterns were analyzed using quadrat- and distance-based methods. FW incidence ranged from 0.09 to 41.42%, being higher in Silk fields (median = 14.26%). Impacts of epidemics on yield ranged from 18.4 to 8,192.5 kg.ha-1.year-1, with a median of 935.2 kg.ha-1.year-1. The higher economic impact of the disease was observed on Silk cultivar with a median loss of US$ 910.5 ha-1.year-1. Overall, estimated losses increased on average by US$ 109.8 ha-1.year-1 at each 1% of incidence. Aggregation of FW was detected by all analytical methods in 13 fields (1 of Cavendish, 11 of Pome and 1 of Silk). In the other 17 fields, at least one analytical method did not reject the null hypothesis of randomness. One field (5 ha), composed of six plots, was selected for spatial and temporal studies during two years with bi-monthly assessments. A sigmoidal curve represented the FW progress and the Gompertz model best fitted disease progress. The level of aggregation varied over time, and evidence of secondary infection to neighboring and distant plants were detected. FW is a widespread problem in Brazil and yield losses can be of high magnitude. Epidemiology-based management strategies can now be better established.

Public Procurement and Innovative Economy Forming

2010 ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Smotritskaya ◽  
S. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Procurement System

The article analyzes the conceptual framework of public procurement system as an integral part of public regulation to ensure effective management of public resources. The authors consider the problems of transition to a new "quality" of the procurement system, increasing its innovative activity. They put forward proposals for institutional framework and mechanisms of regulating procurement, meeting the needs in innovative upgrading and modernization of the Russian economy.

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