Heat sensitization of hepatitis A virus and Tulane virus using grape seed extract, gingerol and curcumin

ABSTRACTGrape seed extract (GSE) is reported to have many pharmacological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties. However, the effect of this inexpensive rich source of natural phenolic compounds on human enteric viruses has not been well documented. In the present study, the effect of commercial GSE, Gravinol-S, on the infectivity of human enteric virus surrogates (feline calicivirus, FCV-F9; murine norovirus, MNV-1; and bacteriophage MS2) and hepatitis A virus (HAV; strain HM175) was evaluated. GSE at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/ml was individually mixed with equal volumes of each virus at titers of ∼7 log10PFU/ml or ∼5 log10PFU/ml and incubated for 2 h at room temperature or 37°C. The infectivity of the recovered viruses after triplicate treatments was evaluated by standardized plaque assays. At high titers (∼7 log10PFU/ml), FCV-F9 was significantly reduced by 3.64, 4.10, and 4.61 log10PFU/ml; MNV-1 by 0.82, 1.35, and 1.73 log10PFU/ml; MS2 by 1.13, 1.43, and 1.60 log10PFU/ml; and HAV by 1.81, 2.66, and 3.20 log10PFU/ml after treatment at 37°C with 0.25, 0.50, and 1 mg/ml GSE, respectively (P< 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. GSE treatment of low titers (∼5 log10PFU/ml) at 37°C also showed viral reductions. Room-temperature treatments with GSE caused significant reduction of the four viruses, with higher reduction for low-titer FCV-F9, MNV-1, and HAV compared to high titers. Our results indicate that GSE shows promise for application in the food industry as an inexpensive novel natural alternative to reduce viral contamination and enhance food safety.

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Inactivation mechanism and efficacy of grape seed extract for Human Norovirus surrogate

10.1101/2021.12.03.471102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chamteut Oh ◽

Ratul Chowdhury ◽

Laxmicharan Samineni ◽

Joanna L Shisler ◽

Manish Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Docking ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Free Chlorine ◽

Viral Capsid ◽

Human Norovirus ◽

Docking Simulations ◽

Tulane Virus ◽

Viral Capsid Proteins

AbstractProper disinfection of harvested food and water is critical to minimize infectious disease. Grape seed extract (GSE), a commonly used health supplement, is a mixture of plant-derived polyphenols. Polyphenols possess anti-microbial and -fungal properties, but anti-viral effects are not well-known. Here we show that GSE outperformed chemical disinfectants (e.g., free chlorine and peracetic acids) in inactivating Tulane virus, a human norovirus surrogate. GSE induced virus aggregation, an event that correlated with a decrease in virus titers. This aggregation and disinfection was not reversible. Molecular docking simulations indicate that polyphenols potentially formed hydrogen bonds and strong hydrophobic interactions with specific residues in viral capsid proteins. Together, these data suggest that polyphenols physically associate with viral capsid proteins to aggregate viruses as a means to inhibit virus entry into the host cell. Plant-based polyphenols like GSE are an attractive alternative to chemical disinfectants to remove infectious viruses from water or food.ImportanceHuman noroviruses are major food- and water-borne pathogens, causing approximately 20% of all cases of acute gastroenteritis cases in developing and developed countries. Proper sanitation or disinfection are critical strategies to minimize human norovirus-caused disease until a reliable vaccine is created. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a mixture of plant-derived polyphenols that is used as a health supplement. Polyphenols are known for antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities, but antiviral effects are not well-known. In studies here, plant-derived polyphenols outperformed chemical disinfectants (e.g., free chlorine and peracetic acids) in inactivating Tulane virus, a human norovirus surrogate. Based on data from additional molecular assays and molecular docking simulations, the current model is that the polyphenols in GSE bind to the Tulane virus capsid, an event that triggers virion aggregation. It is thought that this aggregation prevents Tulane virus from entering host cells.

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Grape Seeds Extract as Brain Food: A Review

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.25258/ijpcr.v9i1.8270 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Souad El Gengaihi ◽

Doha H. Abou Baker

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Amyloid Peptide ◽

Grape Seeds ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Reduced Risk

Interest in the biological role of bioactive compounds present in medicinal herbs has increased over the last years. Of particular interest are plants that have an anti-Alzheimer activities. Several plants can be useful for Alzheimer (AD) management. Such as these which have anti-inflammatory activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory action, antiapoptotic, slow the aggregation of amyloid peptide and antioxidant activities. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a complex mixture of several compounds, mostly represented by polyphenols and flavonoids. Their consumption is safe and is recognized to exert several health benefits. GS flavonoids have been associated with the reduced risk of chronic diseases, we present some findings on the potential benefits of GSE for the treatment of AD.

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Grape Seed Extract Complex (FFM-GS) Inhibits Postmenopausal Symptoms: In Vitro and In Vivo S

Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition ◽

10.3746/jkfn.2019.48.3.297 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 297-305

Author(s):

Minhee Lee ◽

Da-Eun Nam ◽

Soo-Jeung Park ◽

Dakyung Kim ◽

Jeong-Moon Yun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Postmenopausal Symptoms

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Comparative Evaluation of Immediate Bond Strength to Bleached Enamel Following Application of Various Antioxidant Solutions

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672088 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 05 (02) ◽

pp. 084-089

Author(s):

Alisha Dhingra ◽

Ashu Gupta ◽

Anshu Minocha ◽

Nayantara Sen

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

The Other ◽

Sodium Ascorbate ◽

Group V ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the reversal of shear bond strength of composite to bleached enamel immediately after bleaching followed by application of various antioxidant solutions. Material and Methods: Seventy central incisors were divided into seven groups. Groups I and II served as unbleached and bleached controls respectively. Groups III, IV, V, VI and VII served as the experimental groups and were subjected to 37.5% hydrogen peroxide bleaching followed by 10 min application of 10% sodium ascorbate, 25% alpha-tocopherol, 6.5% grape seed extract, 5% lycopene and 5% green tea extract respectively. Following composite bonding, shear bond strength was determined and the results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons test. Results: The bond strength values for Group I (positive control) were maximum and significantly different than all the other groups except Grape seed extract group (Group V). When compared to Group II (bleached control), all the groups showed significantly higher bond strength. Significant difference in the bond strength values were seen between Group III (10% sodium ascorbate) and Group V. Also values for Group V were significantly different from Group VI (5% lycopene). All the other values showed insignificantly different results. Conclusion: All the antioxidant solutions improved the shear bond strength values after bleaching but only Grape seed extract application reversed the values to the non bleached levels. Lycopene was least effective. Other antioxidants showed comparable results.

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