scholarly journals The evolution of George Town's urban morphology in the Straits of Malacca, late 18th century-early 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhao ◽  
Wun Bin Wong ◽  
Zulkifli Bin Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Straits Of Malacca

scholarly journals Redefining the Boundaries of Historical Writing and Historical Imagination in Carolyn Steedman’s Master and Servant: Love and Labour in the English Industrial Age

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Lejla Mulalić
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Imagination ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Professional Historian ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
Traditional Approaches

One of the dominant features of the late 20th and early 21st century academic debates on the nature of history is a curious form of radicalism both in the ranks of defenders of traditional approaches to history/historiography and eloquent champions of postmodern theories. These debates will provide the context for my reading of Steedman’s Master and Servant, which probes disciplinary boundaries of history and fiction in order to explore the unhistoricised ways of love and labour in 18th century industrial Yorkshire. As Steedman inhabits the position of both a professional historian, with all the ideological implications of that position, and Nelly Dean, a servant and narrator in Brontë’s Wuthering Heights, this paper will consider her approach to historical imagination in the light of deconstructionist genre of historical writing.

scholarly journals ON RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS OF DAGESTAN HISTORIC WORKS «DERBEND-NAMEH» AND «DARBAND-NAMA-YI JADID» (historiographic aspect)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
G M-R Orazaev
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Jewish Scholar ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Early 18Th Century ◽  
The Early 21St Century

The article presents a historiographic review of various Russian translations of two Dagestan historic works - Muhammad AvabiAktashi’s «Derbend-nameh» and Mirza-HaidarVezirov’s «Darband-nama-yijadid» made from the early 18th century to the early 21st century. The author calls attention to the translations, which are still in handwritten form and have not yet been studied by scientists. Particular attention is also paid to those Russian translations that were published in incomplete or full versions. The first Russian translation of the «Book of Derbent» was done by Peter the Great’s companion YusupIzhbulatov in 1726, however, it remained unpublished. Among unpublished translations there are two manuscripts stored in the National Manuscript Center of the Republic of Georgia and the translation done in 1886 or 1887 by the famous Mountain-Jewish scholar I.Sh. Anisimov. The collection of unpublished Russian translations done by the staff of the Dagestan Scientific Institute in the 1930s is stored in the funds of the Scientific Archives of our Institute. The places of their storage in various cities - Petersburg, Moscow, Tbilisi, Makhachkala - are pointed out in the article. Some texts were published by the authors of Russian translations - Abas-Kuli Bakikhanov, Alexandra Kozlova, Maksud Alikhanov-Avarsky, Patimat Alibekova, Magomed-Said Saidov, Amri Shikhsaidov, Alikber Alikberov, Gasan Orazaev. Of particular interest to researchers is the translation of those lists of the «Derbend-nameh», in which there is a preface of Muhammad Avabi Aktashi from Endirei, the author of the historic work «Derbend-Nameh». It should be noted that the translations of this work into Russian were done not only from the Turkic language, in which the «Derbend-nameh» was written, but also from the Arabic language, in which it was presented many times.

The Love of Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deidre Lynch
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
Affective Norms ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
Late 18Th Century

The notion that theoretical inquiry and the love of literature are at odds is a tenacious one, likewise the related account of the theorist as heartless killjoy. This article, however, challenges the notion that theory is necessarily down on love. It surveys the several strains of theory that since the turn of the 21st century have made it possible for practitioners of theory to acknowledge more readily that concept-driven intellectual work inevitably has an affective undertow. But it also looks further back, to the late 18th-century origins of the literary studies discipline, so as to understand why the love question cannot be confined to the sphere of amateurism but instead hovers persistently around what literature professors do in their classrooms: what does that persistence say about the place of ethical and affective norms in the discipline’s intellectual enterprise? And just why and how does aesthetic receptivity get defined as “love” in the first place?

scholarly journals В ПОИСКАХ ПРИРОДЫ АНГЛИЙСКОГО НАЦИОНАЛИЗМА: ОТ ИМПЕРИИ ДО СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
E.A. Atapin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
English National Identity ◽  
English Identity ◽  
English Nationalism ◽  
The Early 21St Century

This paper attempts to reveal the essence of the complex nature of English nationalism by tracing its transformation from the 18th century to the early 21st century. The reasons for unpopularity of the problem of English national identity in the English historical discourse (such as the absence of serious national upheavals since the birth of modern British statehood and the relative political success, which made the English national introspection superfluous) were discussed. A contradiction between the “horizontal” perception of the English by the peoples of the British Empire and the view held by the citizens of England on their superiority over others was analyzed. The fact of “concealment” of English nationalism in the British identity to pursue the interests of the empire was revealed. To contrast contemporary English nationalism with that of the imperial era, the research by the Centre for English Identity and Politics highlighting the English concern about their own political representation in the United Kingdom after the devolution was cited. It was concluded that the nature of English nationalism has changed from a civil Anglo-British version without an emphasis on English ethnicity during the empire’s existence to a predominantly ethnic one with a focus on English identity with extremely limited opportunities for civil expression in the early 21st century.

scholarly journals Malay Muslims Patani Insurgency Pattern in the Post-Revolution 1932

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syukri
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Malay Patani is a majority resident in southern Thailand. They have a long history of the insurgency. The history of the Malay insurgency of Patani lasted since the 18th century. In the early 21st century, the Malay insurgency pattern was likely to strengthen in response to the policies of the Thai regime repressive to insurgency issues and strict assimilation policies that demanded an all-ethnic identity in Thailand is the true ethnic Thai identity. In this literature study, Malay Patani insurgency pattern after revolution 1932 because of the will to restore the rights and integrity of Malayu Patani culture. It is the main reason for the rejection of Malay nationalism Patani by the Thai regime. In the last decade, the concept of Islam as identity has increasingly made it a determination to establish the Malay identity of Patani Islam as the basis of the insurgency movement

scholarly journals Особенности иконографии в калмыцкой вышивке: традиционные и современные практики

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-336
Author(s):  
Tatyana I. Sharaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Spiritual Guidance ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Religious Cult ◽  
Private And Public

Introduction. The Kalmyks are a Mongolic Buddhist people that arrived in the Volga region in the 17th century. The specific ethnic features of Buddhism professed by the Kalmyks took shape over centuries of Russian suzerainty and were determined by various historical factors, including prolonged remoteness from Buddhist centers, the total eradication of Buddhist monasteries and centuries-long ban on spiritual guidance experienced in the 20th century, and the official Buddhist restoration by the early 21st century. Goals. The work aims at identifying and comparing traditional and contemporary Buddhist thangka patterns as elements to mirror particular features of Kalmyk iconography, as essential objects of religious cult and cultural heritage at large. Results. The paper shows that in the pre-20th century period Kalmyks used different techniques for producing thangkas — painting, embroidery, and applique ones. In the late 18th century onwards, imports of religious attributes from Tibet and Mongolia were restricted, and the role of art workshops affiliated to local Buddhist temples increased. That resulted in further development of thangka painting schools and the shaping of somewhat ethnic style in depicting Buddhist deities characterized by certain differences from canonical images. The old thangkas from private and public collections have served a basis for the restoration of ethnic painting traditions integral to Kalmykia’s Buddhism proper. The contemporary practices of producing divine images are closely related to stages in the regional development of Buddhism from the late 20th century to the present, lay Buddhist experiences, women’s leisure-time activities, and ethnic entrepreneurship. The study concludes contemporary Kalmyk needlewomen are guided by traditional rules of religious craftsmanship.

Artillery

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyd L. Dastrup
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rocket System

During the early years of the 21st century, field artillery achieved unparalleled accuracy with the introduction of precision-guided munitions. Such munitions allowed a gun crew to hit a target with one round or to engage a target without adjusting fire as long as the target was precisely located. In Iraq and Afghanistan in the first decade of the 21st century, the US Army fired Excalibur precision munition from its 155-millimeter (mm) howitzers and the Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System precision munition from its Multiple Launch Rocket System to destroy insurgent safe houses and other pinpoint targets. This precision capability revolutionized field artillery because massing fire to compensate for the lack of accuracy dominated field artillery tactics since the late 18th century with the introduction of relatively light, mobile field guns to complement siege artillery, coast artillery, garrison artillery, and pack artillery. Precision artillery munitions gave armies, especially the US Army, the capability of destroying a target with minimal collateral damage, meaning the destruction of civilian property or deaths of noncombatants who were near the target but not part of the target. This precision came centuries after gunpowder siege artillery in the form of bombards and heavy cast-bronze cannons had replaced mechanical siege engines, such as trebuchets and onagers, as a means of battering down fortification walls and after European armies started employing lighter cannons on the battlefield.

Nature, poetry and medicine in late 18th century England: a unified perspective of Erasmus Darwin

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-537
Author(s):  
M. McNEIL
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Nature Poetry ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
Lunar Society Of Birmingham ◽  
Organizational Principles ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Erasmus Darwin

Erasmus Darwin was the focus and embodiment of provincial England in his day. Renowned as a physician, he spent much of his life at Lichfield. He instigated the founding of the Lichfield Botanic Society, which provided the first English translation of the works of Linnaeus, and established a botanic garden; the Lunar Society of Birmingham; the Derby Philosophical Society; and two provincial libraries. A list of Darwin's correspondents and associates reads like a "who's who" of eighteenth century science, industry, medicine and philosophy. His poetry was also well received by his contemporaries and he expounded the evolutionary principles of life. Darwin can be seen as an English equivalent of Lamarck, being a philosopher of nature and human society. His ideas have been linked to a multitude of movements, including the nosological movement in Western medicine, nineteenth century utilitarianism, Romanticism in both Britain and Germany, and associationist psychology. The relationships between various aspects of Darwin's interests and the organizational principles of his writings were examined. His poetical form and medical theory were not peripheral to his study of nature but intrinsically linked in providing his contemporaries with a panorama of nature. A richer, more integrated comprehension of Erasmus Darwin as one of the most significant and representative personalities of his era was presented.

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