scholarly journals Crop prices and the individual decision to migrate

Food Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 101812
Author(s):  
Gaia Narciso
Keyword(s):  
Individual Decision ◽  
The Individual

Are the saving decision patterns of bank customers also clouded by psychological biases? Evidence from Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Emmanuel Tetteh ◽  
Christopher Boachie
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Saving Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper attempts to investigate the influence of psychological biases on saving decision-making of bank customers in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachIt employs weighted least squares regression to test the effect of psychological biases on savings decisions of bank customers.FindingsThe findings show that all the nine psychological biases, namely mental accounting, availability, loss aversion, representativeness, anchoring, overconfidence, status quo, framing effect and disposition effect employed for the study have a significant influence on saving decision of bank customers. The results depict that psychological biases are entrenched in the saving pattern of bank customers in Ghana.Practical implicationsFor policy purposes, the study recommends that bank customers need to enhance their knowledge of psychological biases in order to improve their gains from savings, and not to fall prey to these prejudices. The satisfied customer is a dependable source of bank viability and survival.Originality/valueTo the best of the knowledge of the author, this study provides the first empirical evidence of the influence of psychological biases on saving decisions of bank customers in Ghana. The findings of this study will enhance knowledge on the influence of psychological biases on individual decision-making and will accentuate the fact that the individual is not an entirely rational being.

Specialization Agreements under the EEC Competition Rules; A Commentary on Regulation No. 417/85

1987 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-413
Author(s):  
Magnus Höög
Keyword(s):  
Individual Decision ◽  
Effective Competition ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Competition Rules ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Restrictive Clause ◽  
Considerable Size

AbstractEach case depends on its own facts. Still, the decided cases give considerable guidance to the Commission's approach to granting individual exemptions. The Commission seems to be concerned primarily with the activities of only the parties subject to the specialization agreement, not with unrelated pursuits of corporate relations of the parties94. The Commission also attributes to th especialization agreements an increase of production with a concomittent lowering of unit costs. The exclusivity will thus help to provide the necessary expanded market. The parties to the agreements discussed above are of different sizes, some have very significant shares of the markets in question. A considerable size of the parties, i.e. substantial turnover or large market shares, normally will make it more difficult to obtain an individual exemption. Still, the individual decisions make it clear that even quite substantial undertakings can obtain the benefit of an individual decision under the right circumstances. This leads to the conclusion that size per se is not a concern to the Commission. Of concern is the restrictive clauses in, to some extent, conjunction with the size. Together, the restrictive clause and the considerable size bring the agreement far within the scope of Article 85(1). That the agreement can be granted an individual exemption due to inherent advantages is another side of the coin. A significant example is Re Lightweight Papers. Once the most rigid clauses in the agreement were withdrawn, an exemption was granted no matter the huge market shares in Benelux and France (70% and 80% respectively). The existence of effective competition is the all important element. No matter the size, an exemption can be had if effective competition prevails.

Individuelles Entscheidungsverhalten im Emissionszertifikatehandel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertil Kapff
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Trading ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Eu Ets ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Emission Rights ◽  
Framework Conditions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emissions Trading System

Fuel emissions in the heating and transport sectors will be covered by a national emissions trading system in Germany from 2021. The European certificate trading system EU ETS will also be further tightened for the fourth trading phase from 2021 to 2030. Under unknown framework conditions and uncertainty regarding the development of certificate prices, the actors involved will have to make a variety of decisions: How many emission rights are to be acquired and when? Are investments in new technologies or fuels worthwhile? This laboratory experiment on emissions trading examined which patterns and strategies can be identified in the individual decision-making behaviour of the actors. The paper was awarded the Dr. Tyczka Energy Prize in 2018.

scholarly journals OPINION DYNAMICS AND DECISION OF VOTE IN BIPOLAR POLITICAL SYSTEMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 1473-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
FILIPPO CARUSO ◽  
PAOLO CASTORINA
Keyword(s):  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Interests

A model of the opinion dynamics underlying the political decision is proposed. The analysis is restricted to a bipolar scheme with a possible third political area. The interaction among voters is local but the final decision strongly depends on global effects such as the rating of the governments. As in the realistic case, the individual decision making process is determined by the most relevant personal interests and problems. The phenomenological analysis of the national vote in Italy and Germany has been carried out and a prediction of the next Italian vote as a function of the government rating is presented.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Concrete Delivery and Placement Process Using a Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Juraj Talian
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Systems ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Integrated construction processes are stochastic systems. For these cases a computer simulation is used. This paper presents the design and construction of an integrated construction process, i.e., the production-transportation-consumption of fresh concrete. When creating a model in an Extend v4, modelling techniques and a general knowledge of construction are used. Data obtained from actual processes is used for the model parameters and input variables. The main contribution is a simulation model developed for the process for the optimization and selection of variants. This approach complements the heuristic methods of the assessment of construction processes and exact methods, where the decisive body will have the values of the individual decision-making criteria.

A Comment on Mithen's Ecological Interpretation of Palaeolithic Art

1992 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Organism ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Palaeolithic Art

Steven Mithen's ‘Ecological Interpretations of Palaeolithic Art’ (PPS 57, 103–14) reminded me of a Chinese meal — initially satisfying, but it doesn't stick with you for very long. While I subscribe to broadly similar paradigmatic biases at the level of the metaphysic, the ‘thoughtful forager’ model itself, proposed to relate various aspects of the art under the aegis of a particular kind of adaptationist perspective, seems to be conceptually muddled and operationally problematic. Also, Mithen's starting-point, the notion of an inherent contradiction between human creativity and an adaptationist point of view, is a red herring—wherever did he get it?! I will confine these brief remarks to three points that bear on different conceptions of adaptation and how they effect construals of pattern and the meaning of pattern in Palaeolithic art. I also respond to referees' comments.Mithen takes me, Straus and Gamble to task for omitting the individual and individual decision-making in our conceptions of adaptation (pp. 104, 105). A conception of adaptation that is focused on the group is juxtaposed with one invoking selection operating at the level of the individual organism in a direct analogy with group vs. individual selection in biological evolution.

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