Material substitution between coniferous, non-coniferous and recycled biomass – Impacts on forest industry raw material use and regional competitiveness

As the source of raw material for Canada's forest industry shifts from the frontier of original timber to managed crops, the policy framework influencing investments in silviculture assumes critical importance. Opportunities for economically beneficial silviculture are probably substantial, but policy makers have been provided with surprisingly little evidence of the kind they need to allocate budgets appropriately. Moreover, governments have created serious obstacles to silviculture through property tax systems that generate disincentives to forest enhancement, through forest tenure arrangements that are insecure or dampen regional timber markets, and through regulations that impede or distort silvicultural effort. Removal of these obstacles, and provision of information and guidance about silvicultural opportunities, would give considerable stimulus to improved forest management in Canada and undoubtedly at less cost than new governmental silvicultural programs. Key words: forest policy economic opportunities, incentives and obstacles for forestry, silvicultural investments, forest regulations.

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Forests of the Inner Hebrides—status and habitat

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0269727000013609 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

pp. 577-597

Author(s):

A. G. Bramwell ◽

G. M. Cowie

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Raw Material ◽

Forest Industry ◽

Modern Management ◽

Vertebrate Fauna ◽

Habitat Improvement ◽

Choice Of Species ◽

Natural Means

SynopsisForestry development in the Inner Hebrides is largely confined to Islay, Jura, Mull, Skye, Raasay and Scalpay. Tue value of the forest industry is highlighted in producing a raw material for industry, providing employment and supporting the island infrastructure. Factors such as exposure, degraded soils and problems of marketing which force the forester to limit the choice of species to a few hardy saleable species are also described. Established consultation procedures are preserving the essential interests of competing land users by the rational apportionment of land to various uses and by good forest design. Creation of diversity in commercial plantations which is essential for habitat improvement by both natural means and modern management practices is described.A checklist of vertebrate fauna which frequent these new forests is provided together with an assessment of their status.

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Assessing the potential impact of a biorefinery product from sawmill residues on the profitability of a hardwood value chain

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2017-0457 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 857-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mariana Hassegawa ◽

Nancy Gélinas ◽

Daniel Beaudoin ◽

Alexis Achim

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Value Added ◽

Wood Products ◽

Raw Material ◽

Forest Industry ◽

Profit Margins ◽

Financial Gain ◽

A Value ◽

Major Constraint ◽

Potential Impact

Due to the high amount of low-quality hardwoods harvested during selection cuts, the forest industry has been facing a decline in profit margins. One possible solution for utilizing the low-quality raw material is the production of extracts. The objective of this work was to estimate to what extent the inclusion of betulin in the traditional wood products portfolio could extend the profitability of a hardwood value chain. The profitability of a selection cut was assessed from the sawmill perspective, followed by an evaluation of the potential financial gain of producing betulin. Finally, the inclusion of betulin in a value chain was assessed. Results showed that the profitability of selection cuts was very low in some forest stands. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that, among selected costs and revenues, profit was more sensitive to variations in the value of coproducts. If a fraction of coproducts volume was used to extract betulin, it would be sufficient to generate enough revenue to offset the total costs; however, a major constraint was the small size of the current betulin market, with annual sales not exceeding 1000 kg. Despite that, results demonstrate the potentially strong contribution of high value added extracts to the profitability of the forest value chain.

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Mixed integer linear programming approaches for solving the raw material allocation, routing and scheduling problems in the forest industry

International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations ◽

10.5267/j.ijiec.2020.5.001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 525-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maximiliano R. Bordón ◽

Jorge M. Montagna ◽

Gabriela Corsano

Keyword(s):

Linear Programming ◽

Integer Linear Programming ◽

Mixed Integer Linear Programming ◽

Raw Material ◽

Mixed Integer ◽

Forest Industry ◽

Scheduling Problems ◽

Routing And Scheduling

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New projection of GHG reduction potentials for Korea’s cement industry and comparison with Roadmap 2030

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1177/0958305x18795784 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 499-521

Author(s):

Nayeah Kim ◽

Yun Seop Hwang ◽

Mun Ho Hwang

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Heat Recovery ◽

Waste Heat Recovery ◽

Waste Heat ◽

Cement Industry ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Material Substitution

The purpose of this study is to forecast the greenhouse gas reduction potential of Korea’s cement industry by applying the latest data and new reduction methods and compare them with the previously imposed reduction target, 7.1% of Roadmap 2030. The greenhouse gas emissions are estimated on two different parts of fuel combustion and industrial process emissions, and the Reference Energy System is formed based on the cement production processes in 2015. Estimated clinker productions and energy consumptions are applied to develop the BAU scenario, and the MESSAGE model is used for the reduction scenario analysis. The reduction scenarios include raw material substitution, fuel substitution, and waste heat recovery power generation. Greenhouse gas emissions of 33,775 thousand tCO2e are estimated in the BAU scenario and greenhouse gas emissions after reduction are forecasted to be 31,626 thousand tCO2e, decreased 6.4% compared to the BAU scenario. The reduction rates are expected to be 5.3% in raw material substitution, 2.9% in waste heat recovery power generation, 0.7% in fuel substitution, and 0.1% in equipment energy efficiency. Thus, we propose that raw material substitution and waste heat recovery power generation are actively utilized, to review the existing greenhouse gas reduction method and develop the new technologies and to build a cooperation system between government and industry based on mutual trust.

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Improving logging process efficiency in the context of rational natural resource management

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128506002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 285 ◽

pp. 06002

Author(s):

M. Zyryanov ◽

V. Shvetsov ◽

I. Milyaeva ◽

E. Dozhdev

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Wood Flour ◽

Raw Material ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Forest Industry ◽

Wood Processing ◽

Flour Production

Until recently, only the trunk was recognized as valuable in the forest industry, and everything else, including the crown, was considered waste that cluttered cutting areas, and a hazardous raw material in the event of possible fires. Currently, only about 700 thousand tons of wood waste is used, which is no more than 4% of the resulting amount of potential raw materials that could be used at wood processing enterprises. Analysis of formation and use of logging waste showed that today coniferous greenery has found its application as a raw material for coniferous flour production directly at the cutting area. After the needles are separated, branches that have not found further use remain in the cutting area. One of the promising areas for logging waste use after needle separation is production of wood flour, which has found its wide application in many industries.

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Preparation and properties of new elastomeric systems containing alternative fillers

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201925407003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 254 ◽

pp. 07003 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Darina Ondrušová ◽

Ivan Labaj ◽

Mariana Pajtášová ◽

Juliana Vršková

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Industrial Application ◽

Glass Production ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Raw Material ◽

Material Substitution ◽

Rubber Compounds ◽

Hardness Values

The present paper deals with a preparation of new elastomeric compounds containing two kinds of alternative additives based on wastes from glass production and energetics. Named alternative fillers were mixed into rubber compounds asa replacement of commonly used fillers – carbon black and silica. Rheological properties, vulcanization characteristics as well as hardness and rebound resilience of vulcanizates, which are important parameters for their industrial application, have been studied in the new prepared elastomeric systems. The resulting vulcanizates containing alternative fillers exhibit improved properties, in particular low rolling resistance and high rebound resilience, while maintaining optimal hardness values. Used raw material substitution can also bring significant environmental and economic effects.

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