Experiment on fine particle purification by flue gas condensation for industrial boilers

The use of combustion modification has enabled many utility boilers to meet the emission standards for NOx. Its usefulness in reducing NOx emissions from industrial boilers (ranging from 11 GJ/hr to 528 GJ/hr) has been investigated during a recently completed field test program. The gaseous and particulate emissions from coal, oil, and natural-gas fuels were measured both before and after the combustion modification. Data were taken on particulate size as well as concentration. The principal combustion modification methods that were investigated included reduced excess combustion air, staged combustion air, recirculated flue gas, tuned burners, and reset burner registers. Staging was implemented by the use of overfire air ports or by turning off the fuel to some burners and increasing the fuel to others, thus creating zones of fuel-rich combustion. All of the combustion modification methods were effective to varying degrees in reducing the nitrogen oxides emissions, and reductions of as much as 50 percent were obtained with several of the modifications. In most instances the boiler efficiency was not degraded, although the particulate emissions increased by up to 50 percent in some cases. There was no substantive effect on the other pollutant emissions that were measured.

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Effect of wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) on fine particle (PM2.5) emission from coal-fired boilers

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jes.2018.05.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 32-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Sen Yao ◽

Shuiyuan Cheng ◽

Jianbing Li ◽

Hanyu Zhang ◽

Jia Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flue Gas ◽

Fine Particle ◽

Flue Gas Desulfurization

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4E Analyses of a Hybrid Waste-Driven CHP–ORC Plant with Flue Gas Condensation

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229449 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9449

Author(s):

Hossein Nami ◽

Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam ◽

Ahmad Arabkoohsar ◽

Amir Reza Razmi

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Environmental Effects ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Organic Rankine Cycle ◽

Energy Systems ◽

Rankine Cycle ◽

Hybrid Plant ◽

Gas Condensation ◽

The Cost ◽

Exergy Losses

The combination of a waste-driven hybrid heat and power plant with a small organic Rankine cycle unit was recently proposed and investigated from a thermodynamic perspective. The present study provides a more comprehensive assessment from system operation through considering the energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental (4E) aspects in a revised design of this concept to obtain a bigger picture of the system’s technical, economic, and environmental effects on existing and future energy systems. The revised design includes a flue gas condensation unit and alternative friendly organic working fluids. For this, the hybrid plant is modeled for its thermal, economic, and environmental performances. Then, the exergy losses and environmental effects of the system are scrutinized, the cost of losses and pollutions are predicted, and lastly, sorts of solutions are introduced to improve the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental performances of the system. The results indicate that the highest share of exergy destruction relates to the incineration (equipped with a steam generator) with a levelized cost of approximately USD 71/h for a power plant with almost 3.3 megawatt electricity output capacity. The hybridization proposal with the flue gas condensation unit increases the sustainability index of the system from 1.264 to 1.28.

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Analysis on Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Mn Emission and Control Technology of Typical Industries

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1176 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 610-613 ◽

pp. 1176-1187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tao Yue ◽

Fan Wang ◽

Bin Jie Han ◽

Peng Lai Zuo ◽

Fan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Power Plants ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Technology ◽

Generator System ◽

Lead And Zinc ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Industrial Boilers

The heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Mn emission characteristics of coal-fired power plant boilers, industrial boilers, lead and zinc smelters, cement kilns, and steel industries were studied in this paper. The removing effects of heavy metals by pollution control technology were analyzed. ICP-AES method was used to measure the contents of heavy metals in solid samples. In addition, M-29, the U.S. EPA isokinetic sampling method was used to sample heavy metals in the flue gas, and the sampled heavy metals were tested by ICP-AES-hydride generator system. For coal-fired boilers, heavy metal contents in descending order were Mn, Pb and Cd in the tested coal. The heavy metals’ emission concentrations of coal-fired industrial boilers were much higher than the heavy metals’ emission concentrations of power plants. For the lead and zinc smelters, Pb and its compounds in flue gas after cleaning can meet the emission standards. The heavy metal contents in the cement raw materials in descending order were Pb, Cr and Cd. For the sintering mixture, the heavy metal contents in descending order were Pb, Cr and Cd as well. The removal effects of heavy metals by existing pollutant control technologies in the various typical industries were also tested and analyzed in the paper. The research did in the paper made a scientific basis for controlling heavy metal emissions from typical industries.

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NOx Emissions From Industrial Boilers: Potential Control Methods

Journal of Engineering for Power ◽

10.1115/1.3445744 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. W. Siegmund ◽

D. W. Turner

Keyword(s):

Flue Gas ◽

Two Stage ◽

Potential Control ◽

Excess Air ◽

Stage Combustion ◽

Utility Boilers ◽

Industrial Boilers ◽

Potential Methods ◽

Further Development ◽

Methods Of Control

Future regulations may limit emissions of NOx from industrial/commercial boilers as well as utility boilers. The potential methods of control for these boilers are the same as those for utility boilers—low excess air, flue gas recycle, and two stage combustion. Low excess air and flue gas recycle can control NOx from thermal fixation. Two stage combustion controls both thermal and fuel NOx. Further development work is needed to apply these combustion modification procedures to industrial/commercial boilers in which volumetric heat release rate is normally quite high.

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