scholarly journals Public preferences for policy intervention to protect public health from maritime activities: A 14 European country study

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 102397
Author(s):  
B.R. Roberts ◽  
M.P. White ◽  
S.M.C. Davison ◽  
O. McMeel ◽  
C. Eatock ◽  
...  
2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 4896-4899 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Jesús Pinazo ◽  
José Muñoz ◽  
Elizabeth Posada ◽  
Paulo López-Chejade ◽  
Montserrat Gállego ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Chagas’ disease is an emerging public health problem in areas where the disease is not endemic. Treatment with benznidazole has shown efficacy in the acute stage of the disease, but its efficacy in the chronic stage remains controversial, and unwanted side effects are more frequent and severe in adults than in children. This study describes the profile of side effects of benznidazole in a cohort of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected patients in a European country.


2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Tomm-Bonde ◽  
Rita S Schreiber ◽  
Diane E Allan ◽  
Marjorie MacDonald ◽  
Bernie Pauly ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Iris Bosa ◽  
Adriana Castelli ◽  
Michele Castelli ◽  
Oriana Ciani ◽  
Amelia Compagni ◽  
...  

Abstract On 31st January 2020, the Italian cabinet declared a 6-month national emergency after the detection of the first two COVID-19 positive cases in Rome, two Chinese tourists travelling from Wuhan. Between then and the total lockdown introduced on 22nd March 2020 Italy was hit by an unprecedented crisis. In addition to being the first European country to be heavily swept by the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy was the first to introduce stringent lockdown measures. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and related COVID-19 pandemic have been the worst public health challenge endured in recent history by Italy. Two months since the beginning of the first wave, the estimated excess deaths in Lombardy, the hardest hit region in the country, reached a peak of more than 23,000 deaths. The extraordinary pressures exerted on the Italian Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN) inevitably leads to questions about its preparedness and the appropriateness and effectiveness of responses implemented at both national and regional levels. The aim of the paper is to critically review the Italian response to the COVID-19 crisis spanning from the first early acute phases of the emergency (March–May 2020) to the relative stability of the epidemiological situation just before the second outbreak in October 2020.


Author(s):  
Roger O’Sullivan ◽  
Annette Burns ◽  
Gerard Leavey ◽  
Iracema Leroi ◽  
Vanessa Burholt ◽  
...  

The COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health social measures have challenged our social and economic life, with increasing concerns around potentially rising levels of social isolation and loneliness. This paper is based on cross-sectional online survey data (available in 10 languages, from 2 June to 16 November 2020) with 20,398 respondents from 101 different countries. It aims to help increase our understanding of the global risk factors that are associated with social isolation and loneliness, irrespective of culture or country, to support evidence-based policy, services and public health interventions. We found the prevalence of severe loneliness was 21% during COVID-19 with 6% retrospectively reporting severe loneliness prior to the pandemic. A fifth were defined as isolated based on their usual connections, with 13% reporting a substantial increase in isolation during COVID-19. Personal finances and mental health were overarching and consistently cross-cutting predictors of loneliness and social isolation, both before and during the pandemic. With the likelihood of future waves of COVID-19 and related restrictions, it must be a public health priority to address the root causes of loneliness and social isolation and, in particular, address the needs of specific groups such as carers or those living alone.


Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Larson ◽  
Janet I. Lewis ◽  
Pedro L. Rodriguez

Abstract From public health to political campaigns, numerous attempts to encourage behavior begin with the spread of information. Of course, seeding new information does not guarantee action, especially when it is difficult for receivers to verify this information. We use a novel design that introduced valuable, actionable information in rural Uganda and reveals the intermediate process that led many in the village to hear the information but only some to act on it. We find that the seeded information spread easily through word of mouth via a simple contagion process. However, acting on the information spread less easily; this process relied instead on endogenously created social information that served to vet, verify, and pass judgment. Our results highlight an important wedge between information that a policy intervention can best control and the behavior that ultimately results.


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta Valaitis ◽  
Marjorie MacDonald ◽  
Anita Kothari ◽  
Linda O’Mara ◽  
Sandra Regan ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo M. Galizzi

<p>This work proposes a critical, non systematic, review of the three main lines of health policy interventions to deal with risky behaviours, such as over-eating, smoking, sedentary lives, and excess alcohol drinking, namely: i) the release of information on health risks and consequences; ii) the use of financial incentives; and iii) direct policy intervention in markets, through regulation and taxation. First, the health and economic impact of the risky behaviours epidemics are briefly described. Then a critical review follows on the evidence existing on the effectiveness of each type of intervention. The review will also highlight the public health approach staying beyond each type of policy on risky behaviours and critically consider them within the context of more general health and social policy interventions.<strong></strong></p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Huan liu ◽  
Tian Tian Hu

Abstract Background People's view of value medical care has taken on a great change, and then transferred to medical treatment behaviors and medical decision-making.Methods Based on the data of the Chinese Health Service Survey and the CLHLS survey database, this paper empirically tests the impact of traditional culture and policy protection on value medical care from the perspective of disease occurrence and the laws of life course.Results The results show that cultural traditions have a greater impact on the medical values of urban residents than that of rural residents, and the income level has significantly increased the level of medical expenditures one month before the end of life. Borne by the spouse or children living together or subsidized by the state or collective, the elderly who have no money to pay for the medical consumption will have a significantly lower medical expenses in the month before death. Conclusions Based on this, the article explores the importance of constructing effective health management policies and medical consumption guidance from two aspects of health value concept and value medical treatment, in order to promote people to form better medical consumption habits and health management concepts .Highlights1.In the course of illness, there are more patients who seek medical treatment in the early stages of the disease, but at the end of life there is excessive consumption of medical resources.2.The medical consumption habits in a country ’s traditional culture will affect the current decision-making for medical treatment. At the same time, medical insurance policies and public health policies will also have a greater impact on their behavior, but the formation of a valued medical concept may be more affected by traditional culture. .3.Through the research on the impact of disease occurrence law and life course law on the formation of value medical concept, it provides reliable support for promoting multi-level medical insurance system and improving the protection of basic public health policies. Policy intervention needs to combine the medical habits under the traditional culture and implement it to the supply of primary health services, guide medical consumption behavior through protection policies, control medical consumption, and enhance the value of medical consumption.


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