Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome is associated with increased peripheral blood natural killer and natural killer T-like granzymes, perforin, and T-helper-type 1 pro-inflammatory cytokines

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 888-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Hodge ◽  
Sandra Hodge ◽  
Chien-Li Holmes-Liew ◽  
Paul N. Reynolds ◽  
Mark Holmes
Nutrition ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia H.D. Metz ◽  
Anja K. Schröder ◽  
Silke Overbeck ◽  
Laura Kahmann ◽  
Birgit Plümäkers ◽  
...  

2000 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lohoff ◽  
Gordon S. Duncan ◽  
David Ferrick ◽  
Hans-Willi Mittrücker ◽  
Susi Bischof ◽  
...  

Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF)-2 was originally described as an antagonist of IRF-1–mediated transcriptional regulation of IFN-inducible genes. IRF-1−/− mice exhibit defective T helper type 1 (Th1) cell differentiation. We have used experimental leishmaniasis to show that, like IRF-1−/− mice, IRF-2−/− mice are susceptible to Leishmania major infection due to a defect in Th1 differentiation. Natural killer (NK) cell development is compromised in both IRF-1−/− and IRF-2−/− mice, but the underlying mechanism differs. NK (but not NK+ T) cell numbers are decreased in IRF-2−/− mice, and the NK cells that are present are immature in phenotype. Therefore, like IRF-1, IRF-2 is required for normal generation of Th1 responses and for NK cell development in vivo. In this particular circumstance the absence of IRF-2 cannot be compensated for by the presence of IRF-1 alone. Mechanistically, IRF-2 may act as a functional agonist rather than antagonist of IRF-1 for some, but not all, IFN-stimulated regulatory element (ISRE)-responsive genes.


Immunology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auro Nomizo ◽  
Edilberto Postol ◽  
Raquel de Alencar ◽  
Fabiola Cardillo ◽  
Jose Mengel

Immunology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Giovanni Delgado ◽  
Elizabeth Martínez ◽  
María Angélica Céspedes ◽  
María Mercedes Bravo ◽  
María Cristina Navas ◽  
...  

Immunology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Niemeyer ◽  
Alexandre Darmoise ◽  
Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf ◽  
Karin Hahnke ◽  
Robert Hurwitz ◽  
...  

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