scholarly journals A review of the impacts of salmonid farming on marine coastal ecosystems in the southeast Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1338-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro H. Buschmann ◽  
Verónica A. Riquelme ◽  
María C. Hernández-González ◽  
Daniel Varela ◽  
Jaime E. Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract The production of farmed salmonids in Chile reached 550 000 t in 2004. The industry is considered to be consolidated, but with potential for further expansion to the south into pristine coastal areas. The environmental impacts of the salmonid farming industry in Chile were reviewed in 1996, and evidence at that time did not suggest significant adverse effects. However, after almost ten years of sustained growth, current evidence indicates that significant loss of benthic biodiversity and localized changes in the physico-chemical properties of sediments have occurred in areas with salmonid farms. Furthermore, the presence of these farms significantly increases in pulses the density of dinoflagellates. Data suggest that escaped farmed fish may have an impact on native species, although their survival in the wild appears low. The abundance of omnivorous diving and carrion-feeding marine birds increased from twofold to fivefold in areas with salmon farms compared with control areas without them. It is urgent that an ecosystem approach be implemented to assess all impacts of salmonid farming on coastal ecosystems in southern Chile.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Properties of Palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer L.) Natural and Value Added Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 396-401
Author(s):  
M. Chandra Surya Rao ◽  
D. V. Swami ◽  
P. Ashok ◽  
D. R. Salomi Suneetha ◽  
R. V. Sujatha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Value Added Products

Palmyrah palm has great economic potential and every part of the palm is useful in one way or the other.The palm is found growing widely in southern states of India. The palmyrah products like tender fruit endosperm (nungu), neera, jaggery and tuber flour are not commercialised as the value addition in palmyrah is not standardised. Even though palmyrah is an economically important palm, it has not received proper attention from the agricultural research workers, probably on account of the fact that it is very slow growing palm found mostly in the wild state. In this context knowing of physico chemical properties and development of value added products and popularizing the same is essential.

Chemo-physical Properties and Biomedical Applications of Hyaluronic Acid in Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danut Vasile ◽  
Raluca Iancu ◽  
Camelia Bogdanici ◽  
Emil Ungureanu ◽  
Dana Ciobotea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Carboxylate Group ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Physico Chemical

Hyaluronic acid is a mucopolysaccharide encountered in most body fluids and extracellular matrix. The aim of our review is to summarize current evidence about chemico-physical properties of hyaluronic acid, highlighting biomedical applications of hyaluronan derivatives. It is a glycosaminoglycan made of repeating disaccharide units containing a carboxylate group, four hydroxyl groups and one carboxylate group, with hydrophilic properties. Its particular structure with multiple coils forming an entangled network results in unique pseudoplastic and viscoelastic characteristics. Its viscous and elastic behavior, depending on the applied strain, makes hyaluronan widely applicable in biomedical field. The large amount of functions and applications is determined by the physico-chemical properties, which allows a polymorphism of the hyaluronic acid structures depending on the molecular weight variations, concentration and ionic status. It is currently used in ophthalmology, orthopedics and rheumatology, in plastic surgery, surgery and otolaryngology as well. Already widely used in clinical practice, hyaluronic acid proves to be often the best solution for difficult medical problems. Future developments in nanomedicine and drug delivery linked to hyaluronic acid are emerging.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Properties and Fish Composition of Ihawan Spring Community Watershed, Tandag, Surigao del Sur, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-374
Author(s):  
Melche Ojao ◽  
◽  
Ecclesiastes Manatadi ◽  
Pepito Logronio ◽  
Julianne Raz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
Physico Chemical

The first assessment study in aquatic ecosystem of Ihawan Spring Community Watershed revealed 23 species of fish belonging to 21 families from 22 genera. Species diversity is high, with values 1.88 and 0.42, respectively for Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (‘H) and Simpsons Dominance (D). Out of the 21 families, Butidae and Eleotridae had the highest species composition (8.70%). Interestingly, the fish composition of Ihawan Spring Community Watershed was primarily composed of native (19 spp.), one (1 spp.) endemic, with two (2 spp.) recorded introduced species and one (1 spp.) Invasive Alien Species. The presence of dominant species of native species indicates the healthy state of the freshwater ecosystem of Ihawan Spring Community Watershed. However, the recently classified Invasive Alien Species of Oreochromis niloticus or Nile tilapia may attribute a negative impact in the river ecosystem that may result in the possible decline of native and endemic fish species present in the area. Whereas, the in- situ reading of some physico-chemical parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH of the Ihawan Spring Community Watershed river ecosystem revealed that all parameter tested have passed the standards set by the Philippine Water Quality Standards for Class AA (potable water) intended primarily for waters having watersheds which are inhabited and otherwise protected. From the findings, additional study especially on the abundance of recorded introduced and Invasive Alien Species is highly recommended to monitor the population abundance between the introduced, Invasive Alien Species, native and endemic species and to establish a real profile of the aquatic ecosystem of Ihawan Spring Community Watershed.

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Recombinant Desulphatohirudin

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (03) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Electricwala ◽  
L Irons ◽  
R Wait ◽  
R J G Carr ◽  
R J Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alpha Helix ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Recombinant Molecule

SummaryPhysico-chemical properties of recombinant desulphatohirudin expressed in yeast (CIBA GEIGY code No. CGP 39393) were reinvestigated. As previously reported for natural hirudin, the recombinant molecule exhibited abnormal behaviour by gel filtration with an apparent molecular weight greater than that based on the primary structure. However, molecular weight estimation by SDS gel electrophoresis, FAB-mass spectrometry and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy were in agreement with the theoretical molecular weight, with little suggestion of dimer or aggregate formation. Circular dichroism studies of the recombinant molecule show similar spectra at different pH values but are markedly different from that reported by Konno et al. (13) for a natural hirudin-variant. Our CD studies indicate the presence of about 60% beta sheet and the absence of alpha helix in the secondary structure of recombinant hirudin, in agreement with the conformation determined by NMR studies (17)

Physico-chemical properties of the rare-earth metals, scandium, and yttrium

1963 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Savitskii ◽  
V.F. Terekhova ◽  
O.P. Naumkin
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Rare Earth

Physico chemical properties and gas adsorption separation characteristics of Itaya zeolite and its modified products.

1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (442) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayao TAKASAKA ◽  
Hideyuki NEMOTO ◽  
Hirohiko KONO ◽  
Yoshihiro MATSUDA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical

Development of Ketchup from Sudanese Red karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) byproduct

Food Biology ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Nawal Abdel-Gayoum Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tomato Ketchup

The aim of this study is to use of karkede (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) byproduct as raw material to make ketchup instead of tomato. Ketchup is making of various pulps, but the best type made from tomatoes. Roselle having adequate amounts of macro and micro elements, and it is rich in source of anthocyanine. The ketchup made from pulped of waste of soaked karkede, and homogenized with starch, salt, sugar, ginger (Zingiber officinale), kusbara (Coriandrum sativum) and gum Arabic. Then processed and filled in glass bottles and stored at two different temperatures, ambient and refrigeration. The total solids, total soluble solids, pH, ash, total titratable acidity and vitamin C of ketchup were determined. As well as, total sugars, reducing sugars, colour density, and sodium chloride percentage were evaluated. The sensory quality of developed product was determined immediately and after processing, which included colour, taste, odour, consistency and overall acceptability. The suitability during storage included microbial growth, physico-chemical properties and sensory quality. The karkede ketchup was found free of contaminants throughout storage period at both storage temperatures. Physico-chemical properties were found to be significantly differences at p?0.05 level during storage. There were no differences between karkade ketchup and market tomato ketchup concerning odour, taste, odour, consistency and overall acceptability. These results are encouraging for use of roselle cycle as a raw material to make acceptable karkade ketchup.

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