scholarly journals Throttle Control using NMPC with Soft Intake Temperature Constraint for Knock Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Robin Holmbom ◽  
Lars Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Constraint

scholarly journals A design concept of active cooling for tailored forming workpieces during induction heating

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Caner-Veli Ince ◽  
Anna Chugreeva ◽  
Christoph Böhm ◽  
Fadi Aldakheel ◽  
Johanna Uhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Cooling Strategy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Inhomogeneous Temperature ◽  
Specific Temperature ◽  
Tailored Forming

AbstractThe demand for lightweight construction is constantly increasing. One approach to meet this challenge is the development of hybrid components made of dissimilar materials. The use of the hybrid construction method for bulk components has a high potential for weight reduction and increased functionality. However, forming workpieces consisting of dissimilar materials requires specific temperature profiles for achieving sufficient formability. This paper deals with the development of a specific heating and cooling strategy to generate an inhomogeneous temperature distribution in hybrid workpieces. Firstly, the heating process boundaries with regard to temperature parameters required for a successful forming are experimentally defined. Secondly, a design based on the obtained cooling strategy is developed. Next a modelling embedded within an electro-thermal framework provides the basis for a numerical determination of admissible cooling rates to fulfil the temperature constraint. Here, the authors illustrate an algorithmic approach for the optimisation of cooling parameters towards an effective minimum, required for applicable forming processes of tailored forming.

Development of mathematical model for multi-user coded-cooperation based cognitive radio system and its outage probability analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singh ◽  
Gurjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Spectrum Efficiency ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Cognitive Radio System ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Coded Cooperation

Abstract In this paper, single and multi-user coded-cooperation based cognitive radio system is developed by designing its mathematical model where both source and relay will communicate to a single destination with the help of each other. Then all possible multi-user scenarios are developed and their end-to-end outage probability (Pout) is calculated for underlay mode of cognitive radio. The performance of the system is analyzed in the form of channel gain and interference temperature constraint for Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed system concludes that the coded cooperation with cognitive radio outperform the available techniques in the form of bandwidth, diversity, spectrum utilization efficiency and also improves the quality of communication. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the outage probability for both system models is validated by asymptotic analysis. The proposed system can set as a standard for all those cognitive radio applications which requires better spectrum efficiency even if there is a scarcity of multiple physical antennas.

scholarly journals On the Performance of Random Cognitive mmWave Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Song ◽  
Weiwei Yang ◽  
Zhongwu Xiang ◽  
Biao Wang ◽  
Yueming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Signal Beam ◽  
Closed Form Expression ◽  
Primary Sensor ◽  
Interference Temperature ◽  
Secondary Network ◽  
Propagation Law ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Power Region ◽  
Guard Zone

This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a cognitive millimeter wave (mmWave) wiretap sensor network, where the secondary transmitter (SU-Tx) intends to communicate with a secondary sensor node under the interference temperature constraint of the primary sensor node. We consider that the random-location eavesdroppers may reside in the signal beam of the secondary network, so that confidential information can still be intercepted. Also, the interference to the primary network is one of the critical issues when the signal beam of the secondary network is aligned with the primary sensor node. Key features of mmWave networks, such as large number of antennas, variable propagation law and sensitivity to blockages, are taken into consideration. Moreover, an eavesdropper-exclusion sector guard zone around SU-Tx is introduced to improve the secrecy performance of the secondary network. By using stochastic geometry, closed-form expression for secrecy throughput (ST) achieved by the secondary sensor node is obtained to investigate secrecy performance. We also carry out the asymptotic analysis to facilitate the performance evaluation in the high transmit power region. Numerical results demonstrate that the interference temperature constraint of the primary sensor node enables us to balance secrecy performance of the secondary network, and provides interesting insights into how the system performance of the secondary network that is influenced by various system parameters: eavesdropper density, antenna gain and sector guard zone radius. Furthermore, blockages are beneficial to improve ST of the secondary sensor node under certain conditions.

Modeling thermal and electrical processes in a semiconductor module with a temperature constraint

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
O. B. Aga ◽  
G. N. Dul'nev ◽  
B. V. Pol'shchikov ◽  
A. O. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Constraint

Maximum Power Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries Accounting for Thermal and Electrical Constraints

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngki Kim ◽  
Shankar Mohan ◽  
Jason B. Siegel ◽  
Anna G. Stefanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Model Inversion ◽  
Dynamic Constraints ◽  
Time Scale Separation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Power Capability

Enforcement of constraints on the maximum deliverable power is essential to protect lithium-ion batteries from over-charge/discharge and overheating. This paper develops an algorithm to address the often overlooked temperature constraint in determining the power capability of battery systems. A prior knowledge of power capability provides dynamic constraints on currents and affords an additional control authority on the temperature of batteries. Power capability is estimated using a lumped electro-thermal model for cylindrical cells that has been validated over a wide range of operating conditions. The time scale separation between electrical and thermal systems is exploited in addressing the temperature constraint independent of voltage and state-of-charge (SOC) limits. Limiting currents and hence power capability are determined by a model-inversion technique, termed Algebraic Propagation (AP). Simulations are performed using realistic depleting currents to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Thermomechanical constraints and constitutive formulations in thermoelasticity

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Baek ◽  
A. R. Srinivasa
Keyword(s):  
Internal Energy ◽  
Lagrange Multiplier ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Affine Function ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Helmholtz Potential

We investigate three classes of constraints in a thermoelastic body: (i) a deformation-temperature constraint, (ii) a deformation-entropy constraint, and (iii) a deformation-energy constraint. These constraints are obtained as limits of unconstrained thermoelastic materials and we show that constraints (ii) and (iii) are equivalent. By using a limiting procedure, we show that for the constraint (i), the entropy plays the role of a Lagrange multiplier while for (ii) and (iii), the absolute temperature plays the role of Lagrange multiplier. We further demonstrate that the governing equations for materials subject to constraint (i) are identical to those of an unconstrained material whose internal energy is an affine function of the entropy, while those for materials subject to constraints (ii) and (iii) are identical to those of an unstrained material whose Helmholtz potential is affine in the absolute temperature. Finally, we model the thermoelastic response of a peroxide-cured vulcanizate of natural rubber and show that imposing the constraint in which the volume change depends only on the internal energy leads to very good predictions (compared to experimental results) of the stress and temperature response under isothermal and isentropic conditions.

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