Temperature Constraint of Elevational Range of Tropical Amphibians: Response to Forero-Medina et al.

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRO CATENAZZI
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Elevational Range

scholarly journals A design concept of active cooling for tailored forming workpieces during induction heating

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Caner-Veli Ince ◽  
Anna Chugreeva ◽  
Christoph Böhm ◽  
Fadi Aldakheel ◽  
Johanna Uhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Cooling Strategy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Inhomogeneous Temperature ◽  
Specific Temperature ◽  
Tailored Forming

AbstractThe demand for lightweight construction is constantly increasing. One approach to meet this challenge is the development of hybrid components made of dissimilar materials. The use of the hybrid construction method for bulk components has a high potential for weight reduction and increased functionality. However, forming workpieces consisting of dissimilar materials requires specific temperature profiles for achieving sufficient formability. This paper deals with the development of a specific heating and cooling strategy to generate an inhomogeneous temperature distribution in hybrid workpieces. Firstly, the heating process boundaries with regard to temperature parameters required for a successful forming are experimentally defined. Secondly, a design based on the obtained cooling strategy is developed. Next a modelling embedded within an electro-thermal framework provides the basis for a numerical determination of admissible cooling rates to fulfil the temperature constraint. Here, the authors illustrate an algorithmic approach for the optimisation of cooling parameters towards an effective minimum, required for applicable forming processes of tailored forming.

The impact of seasonality in temperature on thermal tolerance and elevational range size

Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 2134-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly S. Sheldon ◽  
Joshua J. Tewksbury
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
The Impact

Insect Herbivory on the Plant Rhinanthus minor over its Elevational Range in the Canadian Rockies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Falk
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Species Ranges ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Rhinanthus Minor ◽  
Elevational Range

All species of plants and animals occur over a finite area of the Earth’s surface. This is referred to as the species range, and many species ranges have shifted or are predicted to shift with climate change. Scientific models have predicted how these shifts are expected to change and what proportion of the implicated species will go extinct in the process. Most models assume that climatic variables such as temperature and rainfall are solely responsible for these range shifts. However, we know that the success of a species is strongly influenced by both their positive and negative interactions with other species, such as competition, mutualism, predation and herbivory. But how these biotic factors affect species ranges is poorly understood. I am using a field experiment on a species in its native habitat to better understand these interactions.  My study took place in the Canadian Rocky Mountains on populations of the plant Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus minor). I studied two transects, each with plant populations at low, mid and high elevations. Insect herbivory on plant populations was observed, as well as manipulated, via a pesticide treatment to reduce insect herbivory, and a clipping treatment to simulate natural insect herbivory. Understanding herbivory and herbivore-plant interactions over an elevational gradient may help give us a clearer idea of the complex relationship between the climatic and biotic factors that affect plant species ranges.

Elevational Range Extension for the Hispid Cotton Rat, Sigmodon hispidus, (Rodentia: Muridae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Dunnum ◽  
Jennifer K. Frey ◽  
David S. Tinnin ◽  
Jorge Salazar-Bravo ◽  
Terry L. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Range Extension ◽  
Sigmodon Hispidus ◽  
Cotton Rat ◽  
Elevational Range

Development of mathematical model for multi-user coded-cooperation based cognitive radio system and its outage probability analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singh ◽  
Gurjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Spectrum Efficiency ◽  
Spectrum Utilization ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Cognitive Radio System ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Coded Cooperation

Abstract In this paper, single and multi-user coded-cooperation based cognitive radio system is developed by designing its mathematical model where both source and relay will communicate to a single destination with the help of each other. Then all possible multi-user scenarios are developed and their end-to-end outage probability (Pout) is calculated for underlay mode of cognitive radio. The performance of the system is analyzed in the form of channel gain and interference temperature constraint for Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed system concludes that the coded cooperation with cognitive radio outperform the available techniques in the form of bandwidth, diversity, spectrum utilization efficiency and also improves the quality of communication. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the outage probability for both system models is validated by asymptotic analysis. The proposed system can set as a standard for all those cognitive radio applications which requires better spectrum efficiency even if there is a scarcity of multiple physical antennas.

scholarly journals On the Performance of Random Cognitive mmWave Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Song ◽  
Weiwei Yang ◽  
Zhongwu Xiang ◽  
Biao Wang ◽  
Yueming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Signal Beam ◽  
Closed Form Expression ◽  
Primary Sensor ◽  
Interference Temperature ◽  
Secondary Network ◽  
Propagation Law ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Power Region ◽  
Guard Zone

This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a cognitive millimeter wave (mmWave) wiretap sensor network, where the secondary transmitter (SU-Tx) intends to communicate with a secondary sensor node under the interference temperature constraint of the primary sensor node. We consider that the random-location eavesdroppers may reside in the signal beam of the secondary network, so that confidential information can still be intercepted. Also, the interference to the primary network is one of the critical issues when the signal beam of the secondary network is aligned with the primary sensor node. Key features of mmWave networks, such as large number of antennas, variable propagation law and sensitivity to blockages, are taken into consideration. Moreover, an eavesdropper-exclusion sector guard zone around SU-Tx is introduced to improve the secrecy performance of the secondary network. By using stochastic geometry, closed-form expression for secrecy throughput (ST) achieved by the secondary sensor node is obtained to investigate secrecy performance. We also carry out the asymptotic analysis to facilitate the performance evaluation in the high transmit power region. Numerical results demonstrate that the interference temperature constraint of the primary sensor node enables us to balance secrecy performance of the secondary network, and provides interesting insights into how the system performance of the secondary network that is influenced by various system parameters: eavesdropper density, antenna gain and sector guard zone radius. Furthermore, blockages are beneficial to improve ST of the secondary sensor node under certain conditions.

Factors affecting survival of California juniper in its lower elevational range in the northwestern Sonoran Desert

Plant Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-514
Author(s):  
Amberlee A. Mahaffey ◽  
Frank W. Ewers ◽  
Kristin Bozak ◽  
Edward G. Bobich
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Elevational Range

scholarly journals Mapping landscape connectivity as a driver of species richness under tectonic and climatic forcing

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Salles ◽  
Patrice Rey ◽  
Enrico Bertuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
A Site

Abstract. Species distribution and richness ultimately result from complex interactions between biological, physical, and environmental factors. It has been recently shown for a static natural landscape that the elevational connectivity, which measures the proximity of a site to others with similar habitats, is a key physical driver of local species richness. Here we examine changes in elevational connectivity during mountain building using a landscape evolution model. We find that under uniform tectonic and variable climatic forcing, connectivity peaks at mid-elevations when the landscape reaches its geomorphic steady state and that the orographic effect on geomorphic evolution tends to favour lower connectivity on leeward-facing catchments. Statistical comparisons between connectivity distribution and results from a metacommunity model confirm that to the 1st order, landscape elevation connectivity explains species richness in simulated mountainous regions. Our results also predict that low-connectivity areas which favour isolation, a driver for in situ speciation, are distributed across the entire elevational range for simulated orogenic cycles. Adjustments of catchment morphology after the cessation of tectonic activity should reduce speciation by decreasing the number of isolated regions.

Bryoflora Salvadorensis 3. An updated checklist and new records of Pottiaceae for El Salvador

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 424 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
ROSA DELIA BÚCARO ◽  
PHILIP SOLLMAN ◽  
MICHAEL STECH
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
New Records ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
Main Substrate ◽  
Substrate Types

An updated list of the taxa of the moss family Pottiaceae recorded for El Salvador is presented, based on literature reports and own investigations. At present, 20 genera of Pottiaceae are known from El Salvador, of which four (Barbula, Scopelophila, Trichostomum, Weissia) are reported as new for the country. Eight species and two varieties are reported as new for El Salvador: Barbula orizabensis, Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens, B. inaequalifolium, Chionoloma tenuirostre, Didymodon acutus var. icmadophilus, Hyophila nymaniana, Leptodontium viticulosoides var. viticulosoides, Scopelophila cataractae, Trichostomum brachydontium, and Weissia jamaicensis, increasing the total number of species to 35. Information on the distribution, main substrate types, and approximate elevational range in Mesoamerica as well as the general distribution are provided for all taxa.

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