scholarly journals Mutant spectrum of dengue type 1 virus in the plasma of patients from the 2006 epidemic in South China

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. e1080-e1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Tu ◽  
Yong-lin He ◽  
He Lu ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Zhi-bang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Mutant Spectrum

scholarly journals Evolutionary Dynamics and Age-Dependent Pathogenesis of Sub-Genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1 in Pigeons

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xie ◽  
Libin Chen ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Qiuyan Lin ◽  
Chan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
South China ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 ◽  
Effect Of Age

Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) infection causes high morbidity in pigeons, resulting in a significant burden to the poultry industry. In this study, we isolated three PPMV-1 strains from diseased pigeons collected in Guangdong Province, South China, from June 2017 to April 2019. Genetic analysis revealed that these three PPMV-1 strains and most of the PPMV-1 strains isolated from China after 2011 were clustered into sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Our Bayesian analysis revealed that the VI.2.1.1.2.2 viruses might have originated in Europe. Phylogeographic analyses revealed that East and South China might have played a key role in seeding the VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1 epidemic in China. To characterize the effect of age at infection on the outcome of PPMV-1 infection in pigeons, we investigated the pathogenesis and transmission of the pigeon/Guangdong/GZ08/2017 (GZ08) virus in 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old pigeons. Two of six 12-week-old pigeons inoculated with GZ08 survived, and all of the 3- and 6-week-pigeons inoculated with GZ08 died. Moreover, the GZ08 virus could be transmitted to 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old naïve contact pigeons. The lethality of the GZ08 virus through contact with 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old pigeons was 100%, 66.7%, and 0%, respectively, suggesting that the transmissibility of the GZ08 virus was stronger in young pigeons. These findings demonstrated that East and South China was the epicenter for dissemination of VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1, and age at infection has an impact on the outcome of PPMV-1 infection in pigeons.

Development of normal faults affected by inherited extensional tectonic settings and their succeeding strata in the South Depression of Tainan Basin, NE South China Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Hsun Wang ◽  
Pin-Rong Wu ◽  
Kenn-Ming Yang ◽  
Chih-Cheng Barry Yang ◽  
Ching-Weei Lin
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Rift Basins ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Extensional Tectonic ◽  
Type 3

<p>Development of normal fault that are affected by inherited extensional tectonic settings can be observed in many rift basins and is highly related to the some parameters, such as mechanical contrast between layers in different successive extensional tectonics, extensional ratio and post-rift stratal thickness of the inherited rift, etc. The South Depression of Tainan Basin (SD-TB), which consists of several half-grabens and went through two phases of rifting during the Paleogene and Neogene respectively, is one of a series of E-W to NE-SW trending Cenozoic rift basins in NE South China Sea. The main purpose of this study is, based on detailed description of normal fault structures on seismic sections and numerical PFC models, to investigate the sequential development of normal faults during the successive rifting and the effects of inherited tectonics on time-spatial distribution of the younger normal faults in the depression.</p><p>The normal faults in SD-TB can be grouped into three types. Type 1 normal faults cut downward through the pre-, syn- and the lowest part of post-rift strata of the Paleogene rift, Type 2 normal faults only cut off the Neogene strata, and Type 3 normal faults cut off both the Paleogene and Neogene strata and down to the basement. There is distinct distribution for the Type 2 normal faults; for the thinner post-rift strata of the Paleogene rift, the Type 2 normal faults would widely distribute in the area over the Paleogene grabens during the Neogene rifting, or rather concentrate on the margin the older graben if the post-rift strata are thick. As for Type 3 normal faults, the first type are the upward extended part of Type 1 normal faults that are characterized by significant displacement during the Paleogene rifting and the second type are located outside of the older grabens.</p><p>Such spatial distribution of normal faults can be demonstrated by numerical PFC models as set with different thickness of post-rift strata of the Paleogene rift before the initiation of the Neogene rifting. The models also demonstrate that the second type of Type 3 normal faults outside of the older graben initially were Type 2 normal faults but further cut downward to become Type 3 normal faults. While the second type of Type 3 normal faults have developed at variable thickness of post-rift strata, the first type did formed in the cases that thicker post-rift strata were deposited.</p><p>We propose that the thick post-rift strata of the Paleogene rift are related with the greater displacement along the main boundary fault of the graben, which not only created thick syn-rift strata but also induced significant post-rift subsidence as indicated by the estimated extension ratio. Also for the thicker post-rift strata, the induced stress during the Neogene rifting was more focusing over the inherited main boundary faults and caused the localized Type 2 normal fault and the first type of Type 3 normal faults.</p><p> </p><p>Key words: Normal fault, Inherited structure, Numerical PFC model, South China Sea</p>

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 from a South China Tiger in China

Viruses ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1004-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heting Sun ◽  
Yuanguo Li ◽  
Weiyi Jiao ◽  
Cunfa Liu ◽  
Xiujuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Feline Herpesvirus ◽  
Feline Herpesvirus Type 1

scholarly journals Biological Characterization and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiansong Zhan ◽  
Dongchang He ◽  
Xiaolong Lu ◽  
Tianxing Liao ◽  
Wenli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South China ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
East China ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Antigenic Variant ◽  
Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1

Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is considered as an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which has an obvious host preference for pigeons and has caused significant economic losses to the global poultry industry. The evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 in China, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized seven PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons collected in Jiangsu, Anhui, and Henan provinces during 2020. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Biological characterization indicated that seven isolates were mesogenic based on the mean death time (69.6–91.2 h) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.19–1.40) and had similar growth kinetics in chicken embryos and CEFs. Furthermore, the four representative viruses (AH/01/20/Pi, JS/06/20/Pi, HN/01/20/Pi, and HN/02/20/Pi) could result in marked cytopathic effects (CPE) in CEFs and induced syncytium formation in Vero cells. Our Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that PPMV-1 might first emerge in East China in 1974 and East China had the highest genotypic diversity of PPMV-1. Besides, phylogeographic analysis indicated that East China and South China were probably the major epicenters of dissemination of PPMV-1 in China. Selection pressure analysis and amino acid substitutions analysis revealed that the viral replication complex (NP, P, and L proteins) was likely related with the host preference of PPMV-1. Collectively, this study uncovered the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 circulating in China, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the monitoring of PPMV-1 in East China and South China and providing significant clues for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying host preference of PPMV-1.

Crystalloid Inclusions in Hepatocyte Mitochondria and Their Similarity to Cytoplasmic Crystalloids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Odell T. Minick ◽  
Hidejiro Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Mitochondrial Alterations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystalloid Inclusions ◽  
Liver Biopsies

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.

Evidence for a shear mechanism for the precipitation of γ-zirconium hydride in zirconium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
G.J.C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Zirconium Hydride ◽  
Zirconium Atom ◽  
Atom Diffusion ◽  
Solvus Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
The Face

In zirconium-hydrogen alloys, rapid cooling from an elevated temperature causes precipitation of the face-centred tetragonal (fct) phase, γZrH, in the form of needles, parallel to the close-packed <1120>zr directions (1). With low hydrogen concentrations, the hydride solvus is sufficiently low that zirconium atom diffusion cannot occur. For example, with 6 μg/g hydrogen, the solvus temperature is approximately 370 K (2), at which only the hydrogen diffuses readily. Shears are therefore necessary to produce the crystallographic transformation from hexagonal close-packed (hep) zirconium to fct hydride.The simplest mechanism for the transformation is the passage of Shockley partial dislocations having Burgers vectors (b) of the type 1/3<0110> on every second (0001)Zr plane. If the partial dislocations are in the form of loops with the same b, the crosssection of a hydride precipitate will be as shown in fig.1. A consequence of this type of transformation is that a cumulative shear, S, is produced that leads to a strain field in the surrounding zirconium matrix, as illustrated in fig.2a.

Direct structure images of 30° partial dislocation cores in silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
J. C. Barry ◽  
H. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Core ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Vector Type ◽  
Sample Preparation Technique ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
Dislocation Core Structure ◽  
Type Lattice ◽  
Direct Inspection

Dislocations in silicon produced by plastic deformation are generally dissociated into partials. 60° dislocations (Burgers vector type 1/2[101]) are dissociated into 30°(Burgers vector type 1/6[211]) and 90°(Burgers vector type 1/6[112]) dislocations. The 30° partials may be either of “glide” or “shuffle” type. Lattice images of the 30° dislocation have been obtained with a JEM 100B, and with a JEM 200Cx. In the aforementioned experiments a reasonable but imperfect match was obtained with calculated images for the “glide” model. In the present experiment direct structure images of 30° dislocation cores have been obtained with a JEOL 4000EX. It is possible to deduce the 30° dislocation core structure by direct inspection of the images. Dislocations were produced by compression of single crystal Si (sample preparation technique described in Alexander et al.).

Electron Microscopic investigation of crooke’s change in the pituitaries of patients with hypercorticism

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 848-849
Author(s):  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
L. Stefaneanu ◽  
N. Losinski
Keyword(s):  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Ectopic Acth Syndrome ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Ectopic Acth ◽  
Crooke’S Hyalinization

Human pituitary corticotropins have unique morphologic markers: bundles of type-1 filaments, measuring approximately 70 A in width and representing cytokeratin. The extreme ring-like accumulation of type-1 filaments, known as Crooke's hyalinization, signals functional suppression of the corticotropins and occurs in endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess, caused by ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, glucocorticoid secreting adrenocortical tumor, ectopic ACTH-syndrome and administration of pharmacologic doses of glucocorticoids. Cells of autonomous corticotroph adenomas usually do not show Crooke's hyalin change. A minority of these tumors, however, retains sensitivity to the negative feed-back effect of elevated blood glucocorticoid levels and display typical Crooke’s change.In the present study pituitary corticotropins in various phases of Crooke's hyalinization were investigated in patients with glucocorticoid excess of various origin, applying histology, immunocytochemistry, count of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR), and transmission electron microscopy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document