scholarly journals Candida Species in Blood Culture and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S100
Author(s):  
Neha Singh ◽  
Kavita B. Anand ◽  
Mahima Lall ◽  
Saurav Sen
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Gordana Mirchevska ◽  
Maja Jurhar Pavlova ◽  
Elena Trajkovska-Dokic ◽  
Zaklina Cekovska ◽  
Gordana Jankoska ◽  
...  

Candida species are opportunistic yeasts that can be a serious threat for immunocompromised and critically ill patients, and a cause for increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of different Candida species in clinical specimens in patients with increased risk for fungal infections, and to determine the antifungal susceptibility profile of invasive Candida species to antifungal agents. During a two year period, clinical specimens from 120 patients divided into 4 groups were analysed at the Institute of microbiology and parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. Each of these 4 groups consisted of specimens from 30 patients, with primary immune deficiency, critically ill patients treated in the intensive care units (ICU), patients with mucosal candidiasis only, and patients with cystic fibrosis. All specimens were investigated with conventional mycological methods. Identification of Candida species was performed with VITEK-2 system (bioMérieux, France). E-test strips of fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin (AB bioMerieux, France) were used for determination of the antifungal susceptibility profile. In this study, a total of 115 isolates of Candida species were confirmed in different clinical specimens (91 isolates from mucosal surfaces and 24 isolates from blood culture). Colonisation of mucosal membranes of gastrointestinal, respiratory and/or urinary tracts was registered in 56.67% (17/30), 56.67% (17/30), 90% (27/30) and 100% (30/30) of the specimens in the first, second, third and fourth group respectively. In all four groups of patients, the following Candida species were confirmed: C. albicans - 55%, C. glabrata - 17.6%, C. parapsilosis - 7.7%, C. tropicalis - 6.6%, unidentified Candida species - 4.4%, C. dubliniensis - 3.3%, C. kefyr - 2.2%, and one isolate of C. rugosa, C. pelliculosa and C. krusei each. Positive blood culture was registered in 23.33% specimens from the first group, 43.33% in the second group, 23.08% of the third group, and in one specimen of the fourth group. The most frequent isolates from blood culture were C. tropicalis and C. krusei, followed by C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis, and in the second group C. albicans and C. pelliculosa were equally distributed, followed by C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata. All invasive isolates of Candida species were susceptible to amphotericin B, voriconazole and caspofungin. Resistance to fluconazole was registered in 8.3% (2/24) of all confirmed Candida species. Dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole was confirmed in 46% (11/24) of the isolates. Our study confirms high prevalence of colonisation and candidemia with non-albicans Candida species. Resistance to antifungal agents was registered only in two isolates of C. krusei. An epidemiological study is necessary for surveillance of dynamics of candidemia and antifungal susceptibility profile of invasive isolates of Candida species in our patients.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S203
Author(s):  
Brenda L Tesini ◽  
Meghan Lyman ◽  
Brendan R Jackson ◽  
Anita Gellert ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Multidrug resistant Candida is an increasing concern. C. parapsilosis in particular has decreased in vitro susceptibility to echinocandins. As a result, fluconazole had been favored for C. parapsilosis treatment. However, there is growing concern about increasing azole resistance among Candida species. We report on antifungal susceptibility patterns of C. parapsilosis in the US from 2008 through 2018. Methods Active, population-based surveillance for candidemia through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Emerging Infections Program was conducted between 2008–2018, eventually encompassing 9 states (GA, MD,OR, TN, NY, CA, CO, MN, NM). Each incident isolate was sent to the CDC for species confirmation and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST). Frequency of resistance was calculated and stratified by year and state using SAS 9.4 Results Of the 8,704 incident candidemia isolates identified, 1,471 (15%) were C. parapsilosis; the third most common species after C. albicans and C. glabrata. AFST results were available for 1,340 C. parapsilosis isolates. No resistance was detected to caspofungin (MIC50 0.25) or micafungin (MIC50 1.00) with only one (< 1%) isolate resistant to anidulafungin (MIC50 1.00). In contrast, 84 (6.3%) isolates were resistant to fluconazole and another 44 (3.3%) isolates had dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC50 1.00). Fluconazole resistance increased sharply from an average of 4% during 2008–2014 to a peak of 14% in 2016 with a subsequent decline to 6% in 2018 (see figure). Regional variation is also observed with fluconazole resistance ranging from 0% (CO, MN, NM) to 42% (NY) of isolates by site. Conclusion The recent marked increase in fluconazole resistance among C. parapsilosis highlights this pathogen as an emerging drug resistant pathogen of concern and the need for ongoing antifungal resistance surveillance among Candida species. Our data support the empiric use of echinocandins for C. parapsilosis bloodstream infections and underscore the need to obtain AFST prior to fluconazole treatment. Furthermore, regional variation in fluconazole resistance emphasizes the importance of understanding local Candida susceptibility patterns. Disclosures Lee Harrison, MD, GSK (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Pfizer (Consultant)Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)


2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadha Alfouzan ◽  
Tahani Al-Enezi ◽  
Ebteehal AlRoomi ◽  
Vayalil Sandhya ◽  
Rachel Chandy ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Mabrouk M Ghonaim ◽  
Azza Z. Labeeb ◽  
Alyaa I. Eliwa ◽  
Eman H. Salem

Background: Accurate and rapid identification of Candida species is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment of candidiasis due to emergences of drug-resistant strains especially among immunocompromised patients. Objectives: Identification of Candida clinical isolates to the species level using different phenotypic and molecular methods. Biofilm-forming ability and antifungal resistance were also studied. Methodology: Sixty-nine Candida strains were isolated from 220 immunocompromised patients. Identification was performed using chromogenic Candida agar, VITEK 2 system and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Biofilm formation was detected by the tube method and antifungal susceptibility was tested using the VITEK2 system. Results: The most common source of Candida isolates was from urine (33.3%) and ICUs (56.6%). VITEK 2 system detected 9 spp.: C. albicans (34.8%), C. tropicalis (21.7%), C. famata (8.7%), C. lusitaniae (7.2%), C. cruzi (7.2%), C. ciferri (5.8%), C. dubliniensis (5.8%), C. parapsilosis (5.8 %) and C. glabrata. Candida isolates showed high resistance to flucytocine (49.3%), and high sensitivity to fluconazole, micafungin, voriconazole and caspofungin (88.4%, 81.2% and 81.2 % respectively). Only 30.4% of all Candida isolates were biofilm producers. There was a positive relationship between antifungal resistance and biofilm formation among Candida isolates. Conclusion: C. albicans was the predominant species. Chromogenic Candida agar and VITEK 2 system were valuable tests compared to PCR in speciation of Candida isolates. Antifungal susceptibility was significantly related to biofilm production and its evaluation is important for proper treatment..


2020 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 104772
Author(s):  
Laura Soares Souto Lepesqueur ◽  
Marcia Hiromi Tanaka ◽  
Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima ◽  
Sonia Mayumi Chiba ◽  
Adolfo José Mota ◽  
...  

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