Mechanistic understanding of the link between Sodium Starch Glycolate properties and the performance of tablets made by wet granulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 529 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A.C. Wren ◽  
F. Alhusban ◽  
A.R. Barry ◽  
L.P. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate Release Bilayer Tablets of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1477-1483
Author(s):  
Natarajan R ◽  
N Patel ◽  
Rajendran N N ◽  
M Rangapriya
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets

The main goal of this study was to develop a stable formulation of antihypertensive drugs telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide as an immediate-release bilayer tablet and to evaluate the dissolution profile in comparison with a reference product. The formulation development work was initiated with wet granulation. Telmisartan was converted to its sodium salt by dissolving in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to improve solubility and drug release. Lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose were used as diluents. Starch paste is prepared in purified water and was used as the binder. Sodium starch glycolate is added as a disintegrating agent. Magnesium stearate was used as the lubricant. The prepared granules were compressed into a double-layer compression machine. The tablets thus formulated with higher proportion of sodium starch glycolate showed satisfactory physical parameters, and it was found to be stable and in vitro release studies are showed that formulation (F-T5H5) was 101.11% and 99.89% respectively. The formulation T5H5 is further selected and compared with the release profile of the innovator product, and was found to be similar (f2 factor) to that of the marketed product. The results suggest the feasibility of developing bilayer tablets consisting of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide for the convenience of patients with hypertension.  

scholarly journals Formulation and Optimization of Immediate Release Cajanus Cajan Starch-Based Tablets Containing Metronidazole

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdalla Bakheit Abdelgader ◽  
Daud Baraka Abdallah ◽  
Elnazeer I. Hamedelniel ◽  
Hiba Atif Mutwakil Gafar ◽  
Mohammed Abdelrahman Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Starch Paste ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Starch is found almost in all organs of plants as a carbohydrate reserve. It is considered one of the most commonly used pharmaceutical additives, mainly in tablet dosage forms; it used as a tablet binder when incorporated through the wet granulation process or as a disintegrant. Cajanus cajan has a high level of carbohydrate, which makes it another potential choice as a source for starch. This study aims to investigate and optimize the effect of Cajanus cajan starch concentrations as well as wet massing granulation time on physicochemical properties of metronidazole tablets. The hardness, friability percentage, and disintegration time of prepared tablets were determined, and the central composite design was employed in the optimization process. Then the tablets of optimized batch were compared against those tablets in which maize starch and sodium starch glycolate were used instead of Cajanus cajan starch. The results indicated that metronidazole tablets containing the upper level of starch paste (Cajanus cajan and/or maize starch paste) exhibited better percentage friability, hardness, and disintegration time than those formulated with lower levels and those without starch paste. The study showed that experimental design is a useful technique for optimizing Cajanus cajan starch-based tablets, which enabled a better understanding of how different variables could affect the responses. In addition, the study demonstrated that incorporation of Cajanus cajan starch in tablets formulation led to improvement of its physical properties compared to the formulations of maize starch and sodium starch glycolate respectively.

scholarly journals Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet of Flurbiprofen

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Nitin A Gaikwad ◽  
Indrjeet V Mane ◽  
Manohar D Kengar ◽  
Ranjeet S Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets ◽  
Bilayer Tablet ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Higuchi Model

In the Study of Formulation of Bilayer Tablet of Flurbiprofen the Following Materials Using sodium starch glycolate as immediate release and HPMC K15 in different ratios as release retardant materials using a wet granulation method. All tablets exhibited good physical properties with Respect to appearance, content uniformity, hardness, weight variation and Invitro dissolution data show at increasing proportions Of sodium starch glycolate for immediate release whereas HPMC K15sustaineddrugreleaserate. The bilayer tablets showed an initial release of drug In about1hr, then sustaining the release for 12h, The kinetic analysis of dissolution data showed that release was observe din these tablets. When data was fitted to the Higuchi model. Bilayer tablets of flurbiprofen can be successfully formulated Using sodium starch glycolate and HPMC K15 in different ratios as release retardant materials employing a wet granulation method.

scholarly journals BILAYER TABLET TENDERED IMMEDIATE RELEASE OF PARACETAMOL AND SUSTAINED RELEASE OF IBUPROFEN FOR QUICK ONSET OF ACTION AGAINST PAIN AND FEVER

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
DEVENDER CHAUHAN ◽  
DINESH KAUSHIK
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate bi-layer tablet which contains immediate-release layer of Paracetamol for quick onset of action and sustained release of Ibuprofen for prolonging long period. Materials and Methods: The following chemicals were used: Paracetamol (Combiotic Global Pvt. Ltd., India), Ibuprofen (Combiotic Global Pvt. Ltd., India), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (Avicel), and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 (Loba Chem). Wet granulation method was adapted to formulate the bilayer tablets. The immediate-release layer of Paracetamol was prepared using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants, MCC as diluent, starch as binder. The sustained release layer of Ibuprofen was prepared using high-performance liquid chromatography E50LV and ethyl cellulose as binder along with other excipients such as MCC, PVP, and magnesium stearate by wet granulation technique. Result and Discussion: The release rate of Paracetamol from Formulations 1 was more than 80% at 40 min. In case of Ibuprofen, sustained-release polymers such as HPMC E50 LV were used to increase the release time. Conclusion: The bilayer tablets were prepared and show good release rate.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Tablets Containing Fenugreek Extract Using Sodium Starch Glycolate as Super Disintegrant

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Divya Jyothi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Tablet Formulations

The present work is aimed to formulate the tablets containing fenugreek extract as drug by wet granulation method. Further the effect of Sodium Starch Glycolate as super disintegrant on disintegration and drug release was studied. Fenugreek extract contains mucilage which retards the disintegration of tablets and hence shows slower drug release. Hence in order to improve disintegration and thereby in vitro drug release, Sodium Starch Glycolate was used as super disintegrant. Tablet formulations were prepared without the SSG (Conventional-F1) and also with sodium starch glycolate (F2-F4) by wet granulation method. Assessment of flow properties of granules, physicochemical characterization of tablet formulations was carried out. Fenugreek is widely used for its antidiabetic activity which is attributed to mainly to the presence of an alkaloid Trigonelline. Hence in vitro release study of trigonelline was carried out which showed that the percentage release from F1 and F2 was found to be 58.12±4.49 and 99.08±0.01 respectively after 6 hrs. This study concludes that tablet formulation of fenugreek seed extracts with super disintegrants will be more desirable, advantageous and therapeutically more beneficial than incorporating the direct plant materials for the treatment of diabetes for faster onset of action.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Acetaminophen Using Super-disintegrant Blends and Sublimation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
S.O. Eraga ◽  
C.M. Okolo ◽  
B.U. Odionyenma ◽  
C.E. Mbadugha ◽  
M.A. Iwuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Dissolution Studies ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Sublimation Method ◽  
Tablet Properties ◽  
Croscarmellose Sodium ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Excipient Compatibility

Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) are gaining prominence as drug delivery systems and emerging as one of the popular and widely accepted dosage forms, especially for the peadiatric and geriatric patients. This study aims to evaluate and compare the tablet properties of fast disintegrating tablets of acetaminophen prepared by super-disintegrant blends and sublimation methods. Two groups of tablets comprising various batches were prepared by wet granulation. Granules batches of one group of tablets (A-G) were prepared with different concentrations of sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium while the other group of tablets (H-N) were incorporated with varying concentrations of menthol into the batches. The granules were subjected to analysis and compressed into tablets. The post-compression parameters of the tablets such as weight uniformity, crushing strength, friability, wetting and disintegration times, as well as dissolution studies were evaluated. Drug-excipient compatibility studies using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis was also carried out. Granules were fair to good in flow with Carr’s indices ≤ 20.14 and angles of repose ranging from 21.34 to 35.00°. Tablets crushing strength values were between 3.44 to 8.26 kp while their friability values were < 1.52%. They showed wetting and disintegration times that were ≥ 0.18 and ≥ 0.25 min. Dissolution studies showed that four batches of tablets (two from each method used in formulation) achieved 100% drug release within 30 min. FTIR analysis shows no interactions between acetaminophen and excipients used in formulation. Tablets from both methods were comparable in their tablet properties but the disintegrant blend tablets exhibited superior crushing strengths, hence formed harder tablets, while the sublimation method tablets were superior in their wetting and disintegration times. Keywords: acetaminophen, super-disintegrants, sublimation, tablet parameters

scholarly journals Study on the influence of excipients on pharmaco-technological properties of tablet cores of dexketoprofen

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Shoshmina ◽  
S. N. Gureyeva ◽  
L. V. Vronska
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Dexketoprofen Trometamol ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Among the group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the active substance dexketoprofen trometamol is released. Its pharmacological and pharmacological and technological characteristics are induced in the article. The feasibility of using the wet granulation method in the development of tablets with dexketoprofen is substantiated. The purpose of this work was selecting the optimal excipients for obtaining a high-quality medicinal product. The excipients were selected and grouped into 4 functional groups. For the planning of the experiment, a matrix was based on the hyper-Greek-Latin parallelepiped. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation. The effect of the excipients for the granulate, tablet mass and core tablets was studied by such factors as loss on during of the granulate, bulk density of the tablet mass, resistance to crushing, friability, disintegration. The experimental data were subjected to statistical analysis by the method of dispersion analysis. The results were expressed using ranked rows of benefits and bar charts. The results of the study of the effect of excipients from groups of fillers, disintegrants, sliding, binding substances on the quality of granulate, tablet mass and tablet cores are provided. The results of the study show that the loss on drying is most influenced by fillers. The quality of the tablet mass depends more on the solution used for wetting, so the nature of the binder and the method of moistening have a determining effect on the bulk density of the tablet mass. Fillers have the most significant effect on the resistance to crushing of the core tablets. The hardness of the dexketoprofen tablet cores characterizes friability, the leading position on the influence is occupied by a group of disintegrants, namely: a mixture of sodium starch and corn starch. The most significant influence on disintegration is exerted by a binder and a moistening method. The generalized results of the study showed that leaders from the four groups of the excipients are appeared by the influence on the technological indicators of granulate, tablet mass and tablet cores. In the result of the work the excipients were selected for development of the composition of the tablet cores, their influence on the pharmaco- technological indicators was also investigated. The excipients were selected for further optimization of the composition of the tablets with dexketoprofen, namely: MCC 102, a mixture of sodium starch glycolate and corn starch, corn starch and the use of a 40% dexketoprofen trometamol.

EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLET OF ENALAPRIL MALEATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE DRUG COMBINATION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (03) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Anand Shripal Ammanage ◽  
Yojana Dadasaheb Patil ◽  
Jagadish Kamalanath Saboji ◽  
Amolkumar Ashok Kempwade ◽  
Ravindra Durdundayya Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Stability Study ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Enalapril Maleate ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Orodispersible Tablet ◽  
Quality Control Parameters ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Improve Patient

The objective of the present work was to formulate and evaluate orodispersible tablets of enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide combination to overcome the shortcomings of conventional dosage forms and improve patient compliance. Eleven formulations were prepared by wet granulation method using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrant and microcrystalline cellulose and Pearlitol 200 SD as diluents. The process variables were optimized to get desired characteristics. Various pre-compression and post-compression quality control parameters were evaluated. The wetting and disintegration times of formulation F10 were found to be 11 ± 4 and 15 ± 2 seconds, respectively. The in vitro dissolution study showed 97.2 % release of enalapril maleate and 96.94 % release of hydrochlorothiazide within 10 min. The optimized formulation was found to be stable during stability study. The study concludes that orodispersible tablet of enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide could be a better approach for the treatment of hypertension.

scholarly journals Optimization of Povidone K-30 and Sodium Starch Glycolate on Levofloxacin Tablet by Factorial Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Dwi Setyawan ◽  
Widji Soeratri ◽  
Mahrus Naufal Nuruddin ◽  
Diajeng Putri Paramita ◽  
Bambang Widjaja
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Tablet Properties ◽  
Optimal Formula

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of binder and disintegrant excipients toward tablet properties of levofloxacin as the latter tends to suffer brittle fracture upon compression. The excipients used were povidone K-30 as the binder and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as the disintegrant which the tablets were formulated according to factorial design 22 with two factors and two levels on each factor. Four formulas were prepared by wet granulation method using 2 and 4% of each povidone K-30 and sodium starch glycolate in various compositions. Tablet properties were evaluated for its hardness, friability, and disintegration time as well as dissolution profile. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using Minitab® 17 software to optimize the formulation and resulted in different impacts caused by each excipient. Povidone K-30 exhibited an increment in hardness, friability, disintegration time but a decrease indissolution profile of levofloxacin tablet. SSG decreased hardnessand disintegration time, but increased friability and dissolution profile of levofloxacin tablet. Overlaid contour plot showed that the optimal formula regarding tablet properties of friability, disintegration time, and dissolution profile is in composition of 2.01% povidone K-30 and 2.01% sodium starch glycolate. Keywords: levofloxacin tablet, povidone K-30, sodium starch glycolate, factorial design.

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