scholarly journals Formulation and Optimization of Immediate Release Cajanus Cajan Starch-Based Tablets Containing Metronidazole

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdalla Bakheit Abdelgader ◽  
Daud Baraka Abdallah ◽  
Elnazeer I. Hamedelniel ◽  
Hiba Atif Mutwakil Gafar ◽  
Mohammed Abdelrahman Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Starch Paste ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Starch is found almost in all organs of plants as a carbohydrate reserve. It is considered one of the most commonly used pharmaceutical additives, mainly in tablet dosage forms; it used as a tablet binder when incorporated through the wet granulation process or as a disintegrant. Cajanus cajan has a high level of carbohydrate, which makes it another potential choice as a source for starch. This study aims to investigate and optimize the effect of Cajanus cajan starch concentrations as well as wet massing granulation time on physicochemical properties of metronidazole tablets. The hardness, friability percentage, and disintegration time of prepared tablets were determined, and the central composite design was employed in the optimization process. Then the tablets of optimized batch were compared against those tablets in which maize starch and sodium starch glycolate were used instead of Cajanus cajan starch. The results indicated that metronidazole tablets containing the upper level of starch paste (Cajanus cajan and/or maize starch paste) exhibited better percentage friability, hardness, and disintegration time than those formulated with lower levels and those without starch paste. The study showed that experimental design is a useful technique for optimizing Cajanus cajan starch-based tablets, which enabled a better understanding of how different variables could affect the responses. In addition, the study demonstrated that incorporation of Cajanus cajan starch in tablets formulation led to improvement of its physical properties compared to the formulations of maize starch and sodium starch glycolate respectively.

Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate Release Bilayer Tablets of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1477-1483
Author(s):  
Natarajan R ◽  
N Patel ◽  
Rajendran N N ◽  
M Rangapriya
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets

The main goal of this study was to develop a stable formulation of antihypertensive drugs telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide as an immediate-release bilayer tablet and to evaluate the dissolution profile in comparison with a reference product. The formulation development work was initiated with wet granulation. Telmisartan was converted to its sodium salt by dissolving in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to improve solubility and drug release. Lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose were used as diluents. Starch paste is prepared in purified water and was used as the binder. Sodium starch glycolate is added as a disintegrating agent. Magnesium stearate was used as the lubricant. The prepared granules were compressed into a double-layer compression machine. The tablets thus formulated with higher proportion of sodium starch glycolate showed satisfactory physical parameters, and it was found to be stable and in vitro release studies are showed that formulation (F-T5H5) was 101.11% and 99.89% respectively. The formulation T5H5 is further selected and compared with the release profile of the innovator product, and was found to be similar (f2 factor) to that of the marketed product. The results suggest the feasibility of developing bilayer tablets consisting of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide for the convenience of patients with hypertension.  

scholarly journals Isolation and preliminary evaluation of Mulva Neglecta mucilage: a novel tablet binder

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Rahim ◽  
Abdul Sadiq ◽  
Shahzeb Khan ◽  
Kamran Ahmad Chishti ◽  
Fazli Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Tablet Dosage ◽  
Tapped Density ◽  
Pvp K30

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate binding potential of Mulva neglecta mucilage (MNM) with subsequent comparison to PVP K30. Eight batches of Diclofenac sodium tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique keeping different concentrations (4, 6, 8 & 10% w/w) of Mulva neglecta mucilage (extracted from leaves of Mulva neglecta) and PVP K30 as standard binder. The granules of formulated batches showed bulk density (g/mL) 0.49 ± 0.00 to 0.57 ± 0.00, tapped density (g/mL) 0.59 ± 0.01 to 0.70 ± 0.01, Carr's index 09.27 ± 0.95 to 19.65 ± 0.59, Hausner's ratio 1.12 ± 0.00 to 1.24 ± 0.01 and angle of repose 30.37 ± 2.90 °C to 36.86 ± 0.94 °C. Tablets were compressed to hardness 7.50 to 7.95 kg/cm2. The tablets showed 0.39 ± 0.02 to 0.39 ± 0.01% friability and 7:20 to 14:00 min disintegration time. Granules and post-compression evaluation revealed that parameters assessed were all found to be within the pharmacopoeial limits. The results (hardness, disintegration and dissolution) proved that Mulva neglecta mucilage has better binding capacity for preparation of uncoated tablet dosage form as compared to PVP K30. Among all the formulations, MN-1 to MN-4 showed slow release as compared to PV-1 to PV-4 and thereby Mulva neglecta mucilage exhibited satisfactory drug release phenomenon tablets of diclofenac sodium.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS (ODTS) OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM BY USING SUPERDISINTEGRANT FROM NATURAL ORIGIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
SATYAJITH PANDA ◽  
NODAGALA HEMALATHA ◽  
PANCHAGNULA UDAYA SHANKAR ◽  
SRINIVASA RAO BARATAM
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Orodispersible Tablets ◽  
Pregelatinized Starch ◽  
The Stability

Objective: In this study, a polysaccharide isolated from the seeds of Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) was investigated as a super disintegrant in the orodispersible tablets of diclofenac sodium. Methods: Diclofenac sodium tablets were prepared separately using different concentrations (5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15% w/w) of isolated Cajanus cajan seed polysaccharide (natural) and sodium starch glycolate (synthetic) as super disintegrant by the direct compression method. Evaluation of tablets was done for various pre-and post-compression parameters. The stability studies were performed on optimized formulation F5. The disintegration time and in vitro drug release of the formulation F5 was compared with pregelatinized starch and synthetic super disintegrant (sodium starch glycolate). Results: The drug-excipient interactions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared studies. The Optimized formulation F5 containing 15% polysaccharide showed wetting time of 118.7 seconds with 105.3 seconds of disintegration time and 95.61% dissolved in 3 min. Conclusion: The present work revealed that Cajanus cajan seed polysaccharide has a good disintegrating agent in the formulation of orodispersible tablets.

scholarly journals DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS EMPLOYING STARCH VALERATE–A NOVEL SUPERDISINTEGRANT

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
R. SANTOSH KUMAR ◽  
SHAMBHAVI KANDUKURI ◽  
M. RAMYA ◽  
B. KUSUMA LATHA
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Croscarmellose Sodium ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

Objective: To synthesize, characterize and evaluate starch valerate as a superdisintegrant in the formulation of aceclofenac fast dissolving tablets by employing 23 factorial design. Methods: Starch valerate was synthesized and its physical and micromeritic properties were performed to evaluate it. The fast dissolving tablet of aceclofenac was prepared by employing starch valerate as a superdisintegrant in different proportions in each case by direct compression method using 23 factorial design for evaluation of tablet parameters like disintegration and dissolution efficiency in 5 min. Results: The starch valerate prepared was found to be fine, amorphous and free flowing. Starch valerate exhibited good swelling in water with swelling index (125.2%). The study of starch valerate was shown by fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The drug content (200±5%), hardness (3.5–4 kg/sq. cm), and friability (<0.15%) has been effective with regard to all the formulated fast dissolving tablets employing starch valerate. The disintegration time of all the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 14±0.04 to 25.7±0.02 sec. The optimized formulation F4 had the least disintegration time i.e., 12.8±0.02 sec. The wetting time of the tablets was found to be in the range of 76±0.21 to 217±0.17s. The In vitro wetting time was less (i.e., 28±0.02s) in optimized formulation F4. The water absorption ratio of the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 46±0.12 to 100±0.27%. The percent drug dissolved in the optimized formulation F8 was found to be 99.93% in 5 min. Conclusion: Starch valerate, when combined with sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, with aceclofenac, was found to be an effective super disintegrant which improved the dissolution efficiency and could therefore be used in the formulation of quick dissolving tablets to provide immediate release of the contained drug within 5 min.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Effects of Superdisintegrants on Immediate Release Tablet of Linagliptin, a DDP-4 Inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-179
Author(s):  
Tanoy Saha ◽  
Md Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Dilshad Noor Lira ◽  
Abu Shara Shamsur Rouf
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Tablet Dosage ◽  
Release Tablet

The study aimed to develop and evaluate an immediate-release tablet dosage form of Linagliptin. Different concentrations (ranges 5-10%) of super-disintegrants, Croscarmellose sodium (CCS), and Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) were used to prepare nine tablet dosage forms (F1 to F9) through the direct compression method. The compatibility of the formulations was evaluated by FTIR to reveal any possible drug-excipient interactions and it was proved to be compatible with all formulations. Precompression (bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, and angle of repose) and post-compression parameters (weight variation, hardness, thickness, and friability) were analyzed for all tablets and the results were found satisfactory as well as within limits as per USP guidelines. All the formulated batches (F1 to F9) exhibited disintegration of tablets within 2 minutes, where formulation F9 represented the lowest disintegration time (51±3 sec) which was also found significantly better than the marketed product (310±5 sec). In terms of drug dissolution, 90% of drug release was observed for all nine formulations within 45 minutes and formulation F9 (5% CCS and 5% SSG) illustrated the rapid and highest dissolution rate compared to the marketed one’s, 100% drug release at 20 minutes and 91.77 % drug release at 30 minutes successively. The respective data sets of drug release were mathematically fitted to several kinetic models and for all formulations, drug release pattern obeyed first-order kinetics amongst those, formulation F2 (r2= 0.98), F4 (r2= 0.99), F5 (r2= 0.98), and F9 (r2= 0.97) were found to be best fitted in this kinetic norm. Based on disintegration time and dissolution data comparison to a brand leader market product, F9 was experienced as the best formulation. Furthermore, it was observed that if SSG and CCS were combined, then these two parameters were more improved compared to their separate uses. Thus, incorporation of the optimum amount of super-disintegrants in a formulation showed rapid swelling, faster disintegration as well as ease of dissolution of tablet dosage forms. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(2): 168-179, 2021

scholarly journals Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet of Flurbiprofen

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Nitin A Gaikwad ◽  
Indrjeet V Mane ◽  
Manohar D Kengar ◽  
Ranjeet S Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets ◽  
Bilayer Tablet ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Higuchi Model

In the Study of Formulation of Bilayer Tablet of Flurbiprofen the Following Materials Using sodium starch glycolate as immediate release and HPMC K15 in different ratios as release retardant materials using a wet granulation method. All tablets exhibited good physical properties with Respect to appearance, content uniformity, hardness, weight variation and Invitro dissolution data show at increasing proportions Of sodium starch glycolate for immediate release whereas HPMC K15sustaineddrugreleaserate. The bilayer tablets showed an initial release of drug In about1hr, then sustaining the release for 12h, The kinetic analysis of dissolution data showed that release was observe din these tablets. When data was fitted to the Higuchi model. Bilayer tablets of flurbiprofen can be successfully formulated Using sodium starch glycolate and HPMC K15 in different ratios as release retardant materials employing a wet granulation method.

scholarly journals Fexofenadine HCl Immediate Release Tablets: In vitro Characterization and Evaluation of Excipients

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shahriar Ahmed ◽  
Mehrina Nazmi ◽  
Ikramul Hasan ◽  
Sabiha Sultana ◽  
Shimul Haldar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Fexofenadine Hcl

Fexofenadine HCl immediate release tablets were designed to increase the dissolution rate by using superdisintegrants. Different formulations of Fexofenadine HCl were prepared by direct compression method. These formulations were evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time, and in vitro dissolution study. The drug release from the formulations were studied according to USP specification (USP paddle method at 50 rpm for 60 minutes) maintaining the temperature to 37°C. Sodium starch glycolate, cross carmellose sodium, crospovidone (kollidon CL), ludiflash and xanthan gum were used in 3%, 6% and 8% concentrations as superdisintegrants. Thus, the ratio of superdisintegrants was changed whereas all the other excipients as well as the active drug (Fexofenadine HCl) remained same in every formulation. Here, 0.001N HCl was used as dissolution medium according to USP and absorbances were determined by using UV spectrophotometer at 217 nm. The F-3 and F-6 formulation prepared by 8% of Sodium starch glycolate and 8% of Cross carmellose sodium showed 99.99% drug release within 30 minutes and 45 minutes, respectively. The disintegration times of F-3 and F-6 formulation were within 9 seconds. The interactions between drug and excipients were characterized by FTIR spectroscopic study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i1.14483 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(1): 1-9, 2013

scholarly journals BILAYER TABLET TENDERED IMMEDIATE RELEASE OF PARACETAMOL AND SUSTAINED RELEASE OF IBUPROFEN FOR QUICK ONSET OF ACTION AGAINST PAIN AND FEVER

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
DEVENDER CHAUHAN ◽  
DINESH KAUSHIK
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Bilayer Tablets

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate bi-layer tablet which contains immediate-release layer of Paracetamol for quick onset of action and sustained release of Ibuprofen for prolonging long period. Materials and Methods: The following chemicals were used: Paracetamol (Combiotic Global Pvt. Ltd., India), Ibuprofen (Combiotic Global Pvt. Ltd., India), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (Avicel), and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 (Loba Chem). Wet granulation method was adapted to formulate the bilayer tablets. The immediate-release layer of Paracetamol was prepared using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants, MCC as diluent, starch as binder. The sustained release layer of Ibuprofen was prepared using high-performance liquid chromatography E50LV and ethyl cellulose as binder along with other excipients such as MCC, PVP, and magnesium stearate by wet granulation technique. Result and Discussion: The release rate of Paracetamol from Formulations 1 was more than 80% at 40 min. In case of Ibuprofen, sustained-release polymers such as HPMC E50 LV were used to increase the release time. Conclusion: The bilayer tablets were prepared and show good release rate.

scholarly journals Formulation, Characterisation and Evaluation of the Ethosuximide Oral Immediate Release Tablets

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1807-1813
Author(s):  
Naga Sujan M ◽  
Kunal K Mehta ◽  
Amit B Patil ◽  
Anusha Vajhala
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Release Studies

The present study is aimed to formulate, characterization, and evaluate oral immediate-release tablets of Ethosuximide. It is employed as an anti-epileptic agent used in the treatment of epilepsy, in all the age groups who were≥ 1 year. The dosage form is formulated by directly compressing the blend and granulating the powder blend by wet granulation methods. The optimized formulation is achieved by the trial and error method by changing the concentration of lactose monohydrate and di-basic calcium phosphate dehydrate as diluents, sodium starch glycolate as Super-dis-integrant, rice Starch as an intra-granular binder, hydroxypropyl cellulose as binder talc as a lubricant. Evaluation parameters such as micrometric properties, disintegration time along with in-vitro drug release studies were performed for characterizing the dosage form. In-vitro drug release studies were carried out using 0.1 N HCl as dissolution media with 75 rpm and temperature of 370C ± 50C by employing USP apparatus II (Paddle type). Estimation of the % drug release of the tablet was carried out using the UV method. The prepared formulation and the marketed formulation were tested for the in-vitro drug release profile and the prepared formulation was compared with the marketed formulation. All the evaluated result was found to be within the specifications. Therefore, from the obtained evaluation results F6 trail was selected as the best formulation.

scholarly journals FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM TABLET

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Prashant L. Pingale
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Release Formulation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Rosuvastatin Calcium

Rosuvastatin belongs to the statin medication class, which is used to treat excessive cholesterol and prevent heart disease. The Biopharmaceutical Classification System classifies it as class II. The goal of this project is to create 10 mg Rosuvastatin instant release pills using several types of materials. To boost the drug's bioavailability, superdisintegrants were used to speed up the disintegration and dissolution of Rosuvastatin calcium. Cited research work aims to formulate an immediate release tablet of Rosuvastatin for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, hypolipoproteinemia, and atherosclerosis. The present work used a cost-effective wet granulation process to create an immediate release formulation of Rosuvastatin calcium. All of the batches were manufactured, and the granules were evaluated for pre-compression properties such as loss on drying, bulk density, tapped density, and compressibility index. Disintegration time and assay were determined to be within acceptable parameters, as were weight fluctuation, thickness, hardness, and friability of tablets. The effect of several superdisintegrants on in vitro dissolutions in 6.8 PH phosphate buffer was investigated. The final formulation was chosen based on the dissolving profile; dissolution studies revealed that formulations F2 and F4 released 80 percent of the medication within 15 minutes. Two different formulations of Rosuvastatin Calcium 5.199 and 10.398 mg employing immediate-release tablets were successfully generated using Crospovidone, Meglumine, and Comprecel 112D+®. The tablets showed complete drug release in 60 minutes and fair flow characteristics when compared to the innovators' product.

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