The Role of Eosinophil Activation in Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

More than 50 years after the first description of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) by Northway, this chronic lung disease affecting many preterm infants is still poorly understood. Additonally, approximately 40% of preterm infants suffering from severe BPD also suffer from Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH), leading to a significant increase in total morbidity and mortality. Until today, there is no curative therapy for both BPD and BPD-PH available. It has become increasingly evident that growth factors are playing a central role in normal and pathologic development of the pulmonary vasculature. Thus, this review aims to summarize the recent evidence in our understanding of BPD-PH from a basic scientific point of view, focusing on the potential role of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/FGF10 signaling pathway contributing to disease development, progression and resolution.

Download Full-text

Neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants: The role of severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Early Human Development ◽

10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 105275

Author(s):

Francesca Gallini ◽

Maria Coppola ◽

Domenico Umberto De Rose ◽

Luca Maggio ◽

Roberta Arena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Very Preterm Infants ◽

Very Preterm

Download Full-text

The Correlation Between Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Platelet Metabolism in Preterm Infants

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.670469 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Longli Yan ◽

Zhuxiao Ren ◽

Jianlan Wang ◽

Xin Xia ◽

Liling Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Admission Diagnosis ◽

Control Group ◽

The Relationship

Background: Platelets play an important role in the formation of pulmonary blood vessels, and thrombocytopenia is common in patients with pulmonary diseases. However, a few studies have reported on the role of platelets in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between platelet metabolism and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.Methods: A prospective case-control study was performed in a cohort of premature infants (born with a gestational age <32 weeks and a birth weight <1,500 g) from June 1, 2017 to June 1, 2018. Subjects were stratified into two groups according to the diagnostic of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD group) and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (control group). Platelet count, circulating megakaryocyte count (MK), platelet-activating markers (CD62P and CD63), and thrombopoietin (TPO) were recorded and compared in two groups 28 days after birth; then serial thrombopoietin levels and concomitant platelet counts were measured in infants with BPD.Results: A total of 252 premature infants were included in this study. Forty-eight premature infants developed BPD, 48 premature infants without BPD in the control group who were matched against the study infants for gestational age, birth weight, and admission diagnosis at the age of postnatal day 28. Compared with the controls, infants with BPD had significantly lower peripheral platelet count [BPD vs. controls: 180.3 (24.2) × 109/L vs. 345.6 (28.5) × 109/L, p = 0.001]. Circulating MK count in the BPD group was significantly more abundant than that in the control group [BPD vs. controls: 30.7 (4.5)/ml vs. 13.3 (2.6)/ml, p = 0.025]. The level of CD62p, CD63, and TPO in BPD group was significantly higher than the control group [29.7 (3.1%) vs. 14.5 (2.5%), 15.4 (2.0%) vs. 5.8 (1.7%), 301.4 (25.9) pg/ml vs. 120.4 (14.2) pg/ml, all p < 0.05]. Furthermore, the concentration of TPO was negatively correlated with platelet count in BPD group with thrombocytopenia.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that platelet metabolism is involved in the development of BPD in preterm infants. The possible mechanism might be through increased platelet activation and promoted TPO production by feedback.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant Role of Plasma Carotenoids in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.79.56.288 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79 (56) ◽

pp. 288-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Annelies Vogelsang ◽

Richard A. van Lingen ◽

Janine Slootstra ◽

Bert D. Dikkeschei ◽

Boudewijn J. Kollen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Control Group ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Β Carotene

Objectives: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and consequently, it might be theorized that sufficient antioxidant defenses are needed to prevent BPD. We hypothesized that, except for vitamins E and A, carotenoids may be important in this defense. Carotenoids are present in human milk; however, they are not added to parenteral nutrition, the main food source of preterm infants in the first week of life. Aim: To evaluate prospectively the role of carotenoids in BPD in a cohort of preterm infants. Methods: The plasma concentrations of F2α-isoprostane, α- and β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, vitamin A, and the vitamin E/cholesterol ratio were studied at days 1, 3, and 7 in a cohort of 109 preterm infants, of whom 19 had BPD. Results: When comparing the BPD and control group, infants in the BPD group were younger (p<0.001) and β-carotene (day 7, p<0.01) and vitamin A concentrations were lower (days 3 and 7, p<0.001). Lycopene, lutein, α-carotene, vitamin E, and F2α-isoprostane concentrations did not differ between groups. Conclusions: Plasma β-carotene and vitamin A concentrations are lower in BPD infants which may result in a reduction of their antioxidant protection.

Download Full-text