scholarly journals The Correlation Between Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Platelet Metabolism in Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longli Yan ◽  
Zhuxiao Ren ◽  
Jianlan Wang ◽  
Xin Xia ◽  
Liling Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Platelets play an important role in the formation of pulmonary blood vessels, and thrombocytopenia is common in patients with pulmonary diseases. However, a few studies have reported on the role of platelets in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between platelet metabolism and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.Methods: A prospective case-control study was performed in a cohort of premature infants (born with a gestational age <32 weeks and a birth weight <1,500 g) from June 1, 2017 to June 1, 2018. Subjects were stratified into two groups according to the diagnostic of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD group) and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (control group). Platelet count, circulating megakaryocyte count (MK), platelet-activating markers (CD62P and CD63), and thrombopoietin (TPO) were recorded and compared in two groups 28 days after birth; then serial thrombopoietin levels and concomitant platelet counts were measured in infants with BPD.Results: A total of 252 premature infants were included in this study. Forty-eight premature infants developed BPD, 48 premature infants without BPD in the control group who were matched against the study infants for gestational age, birth weight, and admission diagnosis at the age of postnatal day 28. Compared with the controls, infants with BPD had significantly lower peripheral platelet count [BPD vs. controls: 180.3 (24.2) × 109/L vs. 345.6 (28.5) × 109/L, p = 0.001]. Circulating MK count in the BPD group was significantly more abundant than that in the control group [BPD vs. controls: 30.7 (4.5)/ml vs. 13.3 (2.6)/ml, p = 0.025]. The level of CD62p, CD63, and TPO in BPD group was significantly higher than the control group [29.7 (3.1%) vs. 14.5 (2.5%), 15.4 (2.0%) vs. 5.8 (1.7%), 301.4 (25.9) pg/ml vs. 120.4 (14.2) pg/ml, all p < 0.05]. Furthermore, the concentration of TPO was negatively correlated with platelet count in BPD group with thrombocytopenia.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that platelet metabolism is involved in the development of BPD in preterm infants. The possible mechanism might be through increased platelet activation and promoted TPO production by feedback.

Disseminated Candidal Infections and Intravenous Hydrocortisone in Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-887
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Botas ◽  
Isabel Kurlat ◽  
Shirley M. Young ◽  
Augusto Sola
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Teaching Hospital ◽  
Intensive Care Nursery

Background. Intravenous (IV) hydrocortisone (HC) has been used recently in selected preterm infants for hypotension soon after birth. During the same time period that HC was used, there was a marked increase in the incidence of disseminated candidal infections (DCIs). Objective. To determine whether there is an association between DCI in the first 35 days of life and IV HC in preterm infants. Research design. A hospital case-control study comparing the exposure of HC between preterm infants with DCI and matched infants without DCI. Setting. A tertiary level intensive care nursery in a major teaching hospital in San Francisco, CA. Patients. Seventeen preterm infants with DCI and 25 infants without DCI, with gestational age younger than 28 weeks and birth weight less than 1000 g, inborn and outborn admitted to the intensive care nursery between January 1992 and September 1993. Methods. All preterm infants diagnosed with DCI at younger than 35 days of age were identified using a perinatal and neonatal database. DCI was defined as a blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or two urine cultures positive for Candida requiring antifungal therapy. A control group of uninfected infants matched for the major risk factors for DCI (gestational age, birth weight, duration of intubation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and IV alimentation, including lipids and central venous catheters) admitted during the same period was identified using the same database. Postmatching comparison was performed for several other factors to detect any other differences between the groups. Results. The infants with DCI (n = 17) and control infants (n = 25) had no statistical difference in exposure to the major risk factors for DCI or in postmatching comparison. Ten (59%) of the infants with DCI were receiving HC at the time of infection, whereas four (16%) of the control infants received HC during the first 35 days of life. Infants with DCI were 7.5 times as likely as control infants (95% confidence interval, 5 to 11) to have received IV HC before the onset of fungal infection. Conclusion. We conclude that the administration of IV HC significantly increases the risk of DCI in susceptible preterm infants younger than 35 days of age. The potentially serious risks of DCI should be considered particularly in the patient selection process for administration of IV HC.

Reduction of Sleep Apnea and Bradycardia in Preterm Infants on Oscillating Water Beds: A Controlled Polygraphic Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-533
Author(s):  
Anneliese F. Korner ◽  
Christian Guilleminault ◽  
Johanna Van den Hoed ◽  
Roger B. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Periodic Breathing ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Severe Bradycardia

The sleep and respiratory patterns of eight apneic preterm infants were polygraphically recorded for 24 hours. This polygraphic study was designed to test and extend our previous finding that gently oscillating water beds reduce apnea in premature infants. The infants who ranged in gestational age from 27 to 32 weeks and in birth weight from 1,077 to 1,650 gm served as their own controls, off and on the water bed. The 24-hour recordings were divided into four time blocks with the infant being placed on the water bed during alternate six-hour periods. Apnea was significantly reduced while the infants were on the oscillating water beds, with the longest apneic periods and those associated with severe bradycardia being reduced the most. Reduction of apnea was most consistent during indeterminate sleep and most pronounced during quiet sleep. Short respiratory pauses and periodic breathing were not significantly reduced. Reductions of central, obstructive, and mixed apneas were approximately equal.

scholarly journals Cardiac Troponin T in very low birthweight preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Mohamed ◽  
H M Aboraya ◽  
M A Makawy ◽  
H H Elgebaly
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups

Abstract Aim to assess the role of cardiac troponin C (cTnT) as a marker of cardiac injury in VLBW infants with clinically significant PDA and its relation to echocardiographic findings. Methods Seventy-seven VLBW preterm infants, were included, divided according to their diameter of PDA and its hemodynamic significance into patients and control groups. For all neonates, CBC, CRP, cTnT and echocardiography, were done at 48 hours of life and as follow up 5-7 days later. Results 41 preterm infants with a mean gestational age of 31.7±1.57 weeks and birth weight of (1.38±0.2kg) were included as patients group, 36 preterm infants were included as control group with a mean gestational age of 32.2±0.9 weeks and birth weight of (1.33±0.2kg). At 48 hours, cTnT concentrations in patients group was significantly increased than in control group (0.31±0.06 ng/dl, 0.16±0.03 ng/dl, respectively, P < 0.001) and was positively corelated to PDA diameter in patients group (r:0.313, P:0.046). Mean left ventricular end systolic diameter was significantly decreased in patients than in control groups (9.00±1.94, 14.72±1.56, P:0.023). On 5th day, cTnT concentrations (0.15 ±0.03 ng/dl) significantly decreased with closure of the duct (p: 0.004) together with increase in ejection fraction and fraction shortening (P < 0.001, P:0.008 respectively) Conclusion cTnT may provide the basis for early diagnosis and detection of hemodynamically significant PDA in VLBW neonates for trials of medical treatment.

scholarly journals Late hyponatremia: its risk factors in preterm infants and short-term outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-443
Author(s):  
Manizheh Gharehbaghi ◽  
Sadollah Yegane Dust ◽  
Elmira Naseri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Short Term Outcome ◽  
Osteopenia Of Prematurity

Background. Prematurity is one of the major health problems and common causes of neonatal mortality. One of the complications of premature infants is hyponatremia. The effect of hyponatremia on the prognosis of preterm infants has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate infants with late hyponatremia, its risk factors, and prognosis. Methods. This descriptive analytical study reviewed preterm infants (<34 weeks) admitted to Al-Zahra or Children’s Hospital in Tabriz for one year (2019). Neonates diagnosed with hyponatremia after the second week were identified and evaluated for risk factors and short-term outcome. Results. A total of 186 neonates were studied. The mean gestational age of the neonates was 30 weeks (first and third quarters = 29-32 weeks). 101 (54.3%) infants were male. The route of delivery was the cesarean section in 60.7% of cases. Late hyponatremia was present in 50 (26.8 %) infants. Gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in infants with hyponatremia than in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that low birth weight, the use of prenatal steroids, and inappropriate weight for gestational age status independently predict the incidence of late hyponatremia. There was a significant relationship between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia (over 7 days) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity. However, no significant association was found between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia in preterm infants with the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Conclusion. Based on the findings of this study, low birth weight, prenatal steroid use, and lack of appropriate weight for gestational age were risk factors for late hyponatremia in preterm infants. Prolonged hyponatremia is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Prevalence, and Incidence in Retinopathy of Prematurity

2018 ◽  
pp. 2-4
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Retinal Vasculature ◽  
Frequency Data

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease that occurs in premature infants with retinal vasculature with an incomplete immature retina structure. ROP affects a substantial number of preterm infants worldwide. Both the incidence and severity increase with decreasing gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW). In this review, epidemiological history and frequency data of the disease have been summarized after evaluating studies conducted in our country and abroad.

Investigating the changes in amino acid values in premature infants: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Yang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Wei Long ◽  
Huaiyan Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to investigate the changes in amino acid (AAs) values in premature infants.Methods:A total of 2159 premature and/or low birth weight infants were recruited for this study. They were divided into three groups: premature infants with normal birth weight (G1), simple low birth weight infants (G2) and premature combined with low birth weight infants (G3). The tandem mass spectrometry technique was used to detect the levels of 11 AAs in neonatal blood.Results:Compared with normal babies, there were eight and five AAs that significantly changed in G1 and G2, respectively. It was worth noting that the changes greatly exacerbated when the babies were both premature and of low birth weight. All the levels of AAs demonstrated significant changes in G3 compared with the normal control group (G4). With the increase in gestational age, the AAs in premature infants tended to the levels in normal newborns. Meanwhile, there was a correlation between AAs and birth weight. Four AAs significantly changed with the increase in body weight. Among normal newborns, the levels of AAs in girls were significantly higher than in boys. However, if the newborns were premature or had low birth weight, the differences between AA values and sexual distinction would decrease. In the end, we established the specific reference ranges of AAs for premature and/or low birth weight infants.Conclusions:There were significant differences in AAs in the premature and/or low birth weight infants. Gestational age and birth weight were two important factors inflecting the AAs metabolism.

The relationship between maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels with the presence and severity of preeclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Dincgez Cakmak ◽  
Betul Dundar ◽  
Abdullah Serdar Acikgoz ◽  
Gulten Ozgen ◽  
Tayfur Cift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAim:To investigate both maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels in patients with preeclampsia and the possible relations with its severity and perinatal outcomes.Materials and methods:In this study, a total of 38 preeclamptic and 40 age-matched healthy pregnant women between January and June 2016 were included. Serum and cord adropin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels were significantly lower in the preeclamptic group compared to controls [71.19±22.21 vs. 100.76±27.02 ng/L and 92.39 (59.77:129.89) vs. 106.20 (74.42:208.02) ng/L, P<0.001, respectively]. While maternal adropin levels were significantly lower in the severe preeclampsia group as compared to the mild preeclamptic group [66.45 (21.49:98.02) vs. 76.17 (58.06:109.58), P=0.007], umbilical cord adropin levels did not differ between each group [91.32 (59.77:113.34) vs. 92.87 (63.12:129.89), P=0.750]. Maternal adropin level was negatively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures (r=−0.60, P<0.001 and r=−0.58, P<0.001, respectively) and positively correlated with platelet count (r=0.27, P=0.016). Moreover, umbilical cord adropin levels were weakly correlated with gestational age at delivery (r=0.28, P=0.012) and birth weight (r=0.28, P=0.014).Conclusion:The present study is the first to demonstrate a significant association between maternal and umbilical adropin levels and the presence and severity of preeclampsia. Adropin might be a useful parameter for predicting the presence and severity of preeclampsia.

Antioxidant Role of Plasma Carotenoids in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (56) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Vogelsang ◽  
Richard A. van Lingen ◽  
Janine Slootstra ◽  
Bert D. Dikkeschei ◽  
Boudewijn J. Kollen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Β Carotene

Objectives: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and consequently, it might be theorized that sufficient antioxidant defenses are needed to prevent BPD. We hypothesized that, except for vitamins E and A, carotenoids may be important in this defense. Carotenoids are present in human milk; however, they are not added to parenteral nutrition, the main food source of preterm infants in the first week of life. Aim: To evaluate prospectively the role of carotenoids in BPD in a cohort of preterm infants. Methods: The plasma concentrations of F2α-isoprostane, α- and β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, vitamin A, and the vitamin E/cholesterol ratio were studied at days 1, 3, and 7 in a cohort of 109 preterm infants, of whom 19 had BPD. Results: When comparing the BPD and control group, infants in the BPD group were younger (p<0.001) and β-carotene (day 7, p<0.01) and vitamin A concentrations were lower (days 3 and 7, p<0.001). Lycopene, lutein, α-carotene, vitamin E, and F2α-isoprostane concentrations did not differ between groups. Conclusions: Plasma β-carotene and vitamin A concentrations are lower in BPD infants which may result in a reduction of their antioxidant protection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants at the Neonatal Ward, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benita Deselina ◽  
Sukman Tulus Putra ◽  
Rulina Suradi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Neonatal Ward ◽  
Patent Ductus

Background Patent ductus arterious (PDA) is one of the mostcommon congenital heart diseases encountered in preterm infants.The lower the birth weight and gestational age are, the higher theincidence of PDA is.Objectives To investigate the incidence of PDA in premature infantshospitalized in the neonatal wards of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospitalusing echocardiography.Methods Preterm infants born between August and October 2003were included in this study. Clinical features were retrieved from medicalcharts. The first echocardiography was conducted on all of the preterminfants at the chronological age of 3 days. If PDA was detected,echocardiography was repeated at the chronological age of 6 days.Results During the 3-month period, sixty-five preterm infantsparticipated in this study and underwent echocardiography. In thefirst echocardiogram, the incidence rate of PDA was 32%. Atgestational age of less than 28 weeks, 1 of 2 infants had PDA. Of 3infants with birth weight of more than 1000 grams, 2 had PDA. Onthe second echocardiography, the incidence rate of PDA was 14%and mostly found in infants at gestational age of less than 28 weeks(8/9) and in those with birth weight of less than 1000 grams (7/9).All infants with RDS whose PDA was identified in the firstechocardiography proved to maintain their PDA in the secondechocardiography.Conclusion The incidence rate of PDA in preterm infants was14%. The lower the birth weight, the higher the incidence rate ofPDA. The presence of RDS is related to the delay in the closing ofthe arterial duct

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