scholarly journals Peanut Can Be Used as a Reference Allergen for Hazard Characterization in Food Allergen Risk Management: A Rapid Evidence Assessment and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Turner ◽  
Nandinee Patel ◽  
Barbara K. Ballmer-Weber ◽  
Joe L. Baumert ◽  
W. Marty Blom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Food Allergen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hazard Characterization

scholarly journals ENGINEERING HARMONY UNDER MULTI-CONSTRAINT OBJECTIVES: THE PERSPECTIVE OF META-ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Qiankun Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zuo ◽  
Qianyao Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Engineering Management ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Implementation Quality ◽  
Quality Objective ◽  
The Relationship

Harmony is the process of coordinated development between the elements, subsystems and the environment in each Engineering stage of the engineering implementation. Quality, duration, cost and risk are the key factors to achieve engineering harmony. Clarifying the influencing factors of engineering harmony and its mechanism can improve the possibility of success. The meta-analysis method is used to carry out a restudy of existing researches of engineering harmony. First, quality, duration, cost and risk are selected as the variables of achieving engineering harmony. Second, the paper collects 29 existing researches including many countries and regions around the world on the relationship between the variables and engineering harmony. Third, each value is calculated and corrected according to literature coding. Forth, publication deviation and total effect test are checked. Finally, the research conclusions and engineering management implications are given based on the results of meta-analysis. The results show that quality objective, duration objective, cost objective and risk management objective all have positive impact on achieving engineering harmony. The engineering type has no regulatory effect on positive impact of the duration objective and cost objective, but has regulatory effect on positive impact of the quality objective and risk management objective on the engineering harmony.

A META ANALYSIS OF DECISION MAKING PROBLEMS IN CONSTRUCTION RISK MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerim Koc ◽  
Asli Pelin Gurgun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Construction Risk ◽  
Pros And Cons

Various Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods are being commonly used in the area of construction risk management to deal with decisions that are subjected to several factors affecting the selection of the best possible choice in the projects. There are many techniques developed to provide assistance to decision-makers during decision-making process, each having different advantages and disadvantages. This study discusses some of the most frequently applied MCDM methods in construction risk management such as: AHP, ANP, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and DEMATEL, with their own application principles. It aims to introduce a meta-analysis about the use of MCDM methods within the last two decades and provide an extensive literature review study about construction risk management. It is expected to assist practitioners and researchers to suggest effective methods for specific type of risks to be addressed in construction projects. The discussion of pros and cons of each method will also provide some insights to get use of multiple MCDM methods rather than a single means to enhance the analysis outputs.

scholarly journals Reactivity thresholds in children allergic to cow's milk and egg, but tolerant of baked milk and baked egg.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fiocchi ◽  
Rocco Valluzzi ◽  
Carla Riccardi ◽  
Stefania Arasi ◽  
Anna Lucia Piscitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
General Population ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Food Allergen ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Food Challenges ◽  
Baked Milk

Background. The use of eliciting doses (EDs) for food allergens is necessary to inform individual dietary advice and food allergen risk-management. The Eliciting Dose 01 (ED01) for milk and egg, calculated from populations of allergic subjects undergoing diagnostic Oral Food Challenges (OFCs), are 0.2 mg total protein. The respective Eliciting Dose 05 (ED05) are 2.4 mg for milk and 2.3 mg for egg. As about 70% children allergic to such foods may tolerate them when baked, we sought to verify the EDs of that subpopulation of milk and egg-allergic children. Methods. We retrospectively assessed consecutive diagnostic OFC for fresh milk and egg between January 2018 and December 2020 in a population of baked food-tolerant children. Results. Among 288 children (median age 56 - IQR 36-92.5 months, 67.1% male) included, 87 (30.2%) returned positive OFC results, 38 with milk and 49 with egg. The most conservative ED01 were 0.3 mg total protein (IQR 0.03-2.9) for milk and 14.4 mg total protein (IQR 3.6-56.9) for egg. The respective ED05 were 4.2 (IQR 0.9-19.6) mg for milk and 87.7 (IQR 43-179) mg for egg. Such thresholds are respectively 1.5 (milk ED01), 1.75 (milk ED05), 72 (egg ED01), and 38.35 (egg ED05) times higher than the currently used thresholds. Conclusions The subpopulation of children allergic to milk and egg, but tolerant to baked proteins, displays higher reactivity thresholds than the general population of children allergic to milk and egg. Their risk stratification, in both individual and population terms, should consider this difference. In baked milk-tolerant children, milk causes reactions at lower doses than egg in our group of egg-tolerant children. This could be associated with the relative harmlessness of egg compared to milk in the determinism of fatal anaphylactic reactions in children

scholarly journals Effectiveness and safety of orally administered immunotherapy for food allergies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulugbek Nurmatov ◽  
Graham Devereux ◽  
Allison Worth ◽  
Laura Healy ◽  
Aziz Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Food Allergen ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Increased Risk

The aim of using oral and sublingual immunotherapy with food allergies is to enable the safe consumption of foods containing these allergens in patients with food allergies. In the present study, a systematic review of intervention studies was undertaken; this involved the searching of eleven international databases for controlled clinical trials. We identified 1152 potentially relevant papers, from which we selected twenty-two reports of twenty-one eligible trials (i.e. eighteen randomised controlled trials and three controlled clinical trials). The meta-analysis revealed a substantially lower risk of reactions to the relevant food allergen in those receiving orally administered immunotherapy (risk ratios (RR) 0·21, 95 % CI 0·12, 0·38). The meta-analysis of immunological data demonstrated that skin prick test responses to the relevant food allergen significantly decreased with immunotherapy (mean difference − 2·96 mm, 95 % CI − 4·48, − 1·45), while allergen-specific IgG4 levels increased by an average of 19·9 (95 % CI 17·1, 22·6) μg/ml. Sensitivity analyses excluding studies at the highest risk of bias and subgroup analyses in relation to specific food allergens and treatment approaches generated comparable summary estimates of effectiveness and immunological changes. Pooling of the safety data revealed an increased risk of local (i.e. minor oropharyngeal/gastrointestinal) adverse reactions with immunotherapy (RR 1·47, 95 % CI 1·11, 1·95); there was a non-significant increased average risk of systemic adverse reactions with immunotherapy (RR 1·08, 95 % CI 0·97, 1·19). There is strong evidence that orally administered immunotherapy can induce immunomodulatory changes and thereby promote desensitisation to a range of foods. However, given the paucity of evidence on longer-term safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, orally administered immunotherapy should not be used outside experimental conditions presently.

scholarly journals Organizational Factors and Risk Management in the Mining Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonder Nyoni ◽  
Manikam Pillay ◽  
Mark Rubin ◽  
Marcus Jefferies
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Accident Causation ◽  
The Relationship

Organizational factors are considered part of the broader human factors domain and have long been suspected to have a significant influence on individual and group behavior in the workplace, although there is little research on their influence in mining workplaces. This paper provides an update of a systematic literature review (SLR), reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: The PRISMA Statement 2009. The SLR examined the relationship between organizational factors and residual risk management in the context of accident causation in mining. Six electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies published between 1980 and 2018. Following eligibility criteria, 28 studies were selected for quality assessment and reviewed. The results of the SLR included the identification of several organizational factors that are common in the mining industry, as well as the existence of a conceptual relationship between organizational factors, residual risk management and accident causation. In particular, the review found that about two-thirds of the eligible articles acknowledged a linkage between organizational factors and accident causation. The SLR also identified several research gaps associated with the lack of empirical research around the relationship between organizational factors, residual risk and accident causation. More importantly, the review found no empirical studies that utilized the term residual risk thus implying a gap and inconsistency in risk taxonomy in the mining industry. In light of these gaps, further research is recommended to examine the nature and extent of the influence of organizational factors on residual risk management, with particular focus on examining the influence of organizational factors on the functioning and effectiveness of risk controls. It is envisaged that by improving the efficacy of risk controls, mining companies can ultimately improve their safety performance and make it more sustainable.

scholarly journals The HEATOX Project

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Erik Hellenäs ◽  
Lilianne Abramsson-Zetterberg ◽  
Kerstin Skog
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Food Technology ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Hazard Characterization ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Management Advice ◽  
Food Toxicants

Abstract HEATOX is the acronym for a European Union-funded project entitled Heat-Generated Food Toxicants: Identification, Characterization, and Risk Minimization. Acrylamide will be the main experimental focus, but identification of unknown toxicants in heated carbohydrate-rich foods will also be attempted. The project includes research on formation chemistry, food technology, analytical methods, hazard characterization, and exposure assessment. The results will finally be used in risk assessment and risk management advice.

scholarly journals Predictive Water Virology: Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling for Estimating Virus Inactivation Curve

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syun-suke Kadoya ◽  
Osamu Nishimura ◽  
Hiroyuki Kato ◽  
Daisuke Sano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Virus Concentration ◽  
Hierarchical Bayesian ◽  
Predictive Microbiology ◽  
Inactivation Curve ◽  
Critical Control Point

Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) are a series of actions to be taken to ensure product consumption safety. In food poisoning risk management, researchers in the field of predictive microbiology calculate the values that provide minimum stress (e.g., temperature and contact time in heating) for sufficient microbe inactivation based on mathematical models. HACCP has also been employed for health risk management in sanitation safety planning (SSP), but the application of predictive microbiology to water-related pathogens is difficult because the variety of pathogen types and the complex composition of the wastewater matrix does not allow us to make a simple mathematical model to predict inactivation efficiency. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to construct predictive inactivation curves using free chlorine for enteric viruses based on a hierarchical Bayesian model using parameters such as water quality. Our model considered uncertainty among virus disinfection tests and difference in genotype-dependent sensitivity of a virus to disinfectant. The proposed model makes it possible to identify critical disinfection stress capable of reducing virus concentration that is below the tolerable concentration to ensure human health.

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