Modelling the higher heating value of municipal solid waste for assessment of waste-to-energy potential: A sustainable case study

A software system that enhances the selection of appropriate power plant capacity that will convert combustible municipal solid waste (MSW) into energy was developed. The aggregate of waste to be converted was determined and the corresponding heating value was established. The capacities of steam power plants’ components required for the conversion were determined, using thermodynamic mathematical models. An algorithm based on models used to determine the energy potential, the power potential of MSW, the capacities of the components of the steam power plant, were translated into computer soft code using Java programming language; saturated steam and superheated steam tables, together with the thermodynamic properties of the power plant required were incorporated into the soft code. About 584 tons of MSW having a heating value of 20 MJ/kg was the quantity of waste experimented for energy generation. This information was input into the software as data and was processed. Then, the software was able to predict 3245.54 MWh energy potential for the quantity of waste, and electrical power potential of 40.54 MW. The capacities of the steam power plant components that were predicted include 100.35 MW of boiler power, 40.54 MW of turbine power, and 59.80 MW of condenser power. The methodology adopted will make it easy for the managers in the waste-to-energy sector to appropriately select the suitable capacity of the required steam power plant that can convert any quantify of MSW at any geographical location, without going through the engineering calculation and stress or rigor involved in the plant capacity design. Moreover, the accuracy obtained for the software is greater than 99%.

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Incinerator Stop Operation Assessment and Municipal Solid Waste Disposition Adjustment

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1142 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 726-731 ◽

pp. 1142-1146

Author(s):

Shu Kuang Ning ◽

Ling Cian Huang

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Evaluation Framework ◽

Waste Reduction ◽

Operation Performance ◽

Heating Value ◽

Service Areas ◽

Southern Taiwan ◽

The Impact

Incineration is the main way to dispose the municipal solid waste (MSW) in Taiwan. The amount of MSW is rapidly decreased during recent 10 years due to the policies implementation of waste reduction and resource recycle since 2003. Assessment of incinerator operation stop and transformation therefore becomes an essential issue. An evaluation framework was constructed and put into practice in this research. With the considerations of service status, operation performance, MSW treatment status and the impact level of stopping operation was integrated and assessed in the first stage. An optimal model was built for re-programming the MSW clean strategies of original service areas by taking account of MSW collection distance, design capacity of incinerators and the heating value of solid waste in the second stage. A case study was implemented for four incinerators in Kaohsiung City of southern Taiwan to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed assessment framework.

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Seasonal characterisation of municipal solid waste from Astana city, Kazakhstan: Composition and thermal properties of combustible fraction

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x19875503 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (12) ◽

pp. 1271-1281 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bexultan Abylkhani ◽

Berik Aiymbetov ◽

Almira Yagofarova ◽

Diyar Tokmurzin ◽

Christos Venetis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Winter Season ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Capital City ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Waste Composition ◽

Different Seasons

This study presents the results of a seasonal municipal solid waste composition campaign, that took place over the period of September 2017 to June 2018 in the capital city of Kazakhstan, Astana. Four sampling campaigns were conducted in order to identify the seasonal variation of municipal solid waste composition, recyclables and energy potential materials, such as combustible fraction, useful for the evaluation of waste-to-energy potential. The combustible fraction was analysed for thermal fuel properties, such as proximate and elemental analyses and gross calorific value. The results over the four different seasons showed that the average recyclable fraction of municipal solid waste on a wet basis of 33.3 wt.% and combustibles fraction was 8.3 wt.%. The largest fraction was the organics (47.2 wt.%), followed by plastic (15.4 wt.%) and paper (12.5 wt.%). Small seasonal variations were observed for organics, paper, plastic and glass fractions. The highest values were found in summer for the organic waste, in spring for paper and plastic and autumn for glass. The recyclables fraction showed an absolute seasonal variation of 5.7% with a peak in the winter season (35.4%) and the combustibles fraction showed a seasonal variation between 8.3 wt.% to 9.4 wt.%. Finally, the average calorific value of the combustible fraction was estimated to be 21.6 MJ kg-1 on a dry basis.

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Municipal solid waste as an alternative energy source

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy ◽

10.1177/0957650918762023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 232 (8) ◽

pp. 961-970 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mikhail S Vlaskin

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Waste Incineration ◽

Atomic Ratio ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Heating Value

One of the main objectives in the field of waste management today is the implementation of waste-to-energy concept, because it decreases the amount of municipal solid waste landfilled and economizes the traditional hydrocarbon fuels. One of the main objectives of this study was to assess the global energetic potential of municipal solid waste and its potential contribution in energy balance. This evaluation was based on the analysis of main municipal solid waste properties such as component and chemical compositions, and heating value. The comparison of municipal solid waste properties and energetic potential with those for traditional solid fuels was also discussed. For comparison, the biomass samples and coals collected from Russian coal basins were considered. Study of municipal solid waste properties showed that municipal solid waste represents a well-flammable fuel with high carbon content (up to 50–60% for dry ash-free basis), and relatively high O/C atomic ratio. Total world energetic potential of municipal solid waste was estimated as 20 billion GJ that is 12.6% from energetic potential of coal mined. It was shown that by municipal solid waste incineration it is possible to produce 800 billion kWh of electrical energy that is about 3.5% of total world electricity generation. It was shown that in 2035 energetic potential of municipal solid waste may share up to 21.7% from energetic potential of coal. Executed estimations confirmed the urgency of municipal solid waste waste-to-energy implementation.

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The Evaluation of Energy Consumption in Transportation and Processing of Municipal Waste for Recovery in A Waste-To-Energy Plant A Case Study of Poland

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1037563/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Nowakowski ◽

Mariusz Wala

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Municipal Waste ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Waste Collection ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Energy Plant ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pre Treatment

Abstract Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) can be produced from combustible materials contained in municipal waste. After pre-treatment of waste it is possible shipping RDF a waste-to-energy plant (WtE). This article investigates energy and material flow of waste for different scenarios for production of RDF from bulky waste, separately collected waste, and mixed municipal solid waste (MSW). We compare the proportion of energy consumption in transportation, handling waste, and processing using data from the waste collection company in the South of Poland. The findings show the components of the reverse supply chain consuming the highest value of the energy. A model of material and energy flow has taken into consideration collection of waste and transportation by two categories of waste collection vehicles light commercial vehicles and garbage trucks. The shipping of RDF from pre-treatment facility uses – tipper semi-trailers and walking floor trailers. The findings of the study show production of RDF from municipal solid waste is consuming almost 10% of energy potential in RDF. Less energy is required for the production of RDF from bulky waste 2.2% – 4.8% or separately collected waste 1.7% – 4.1% depending on the efficiency of collection and selected vehicles. The transportation is consuming greatest portion of energy. For mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) it can reach 79%, for separated collection waste 90% and for bulky waste up to 92% of the total energy consumed. Comparing emissions for two categories of the collection vehicles there is no significant difference for the bulky waste collections. For mixed MSW and separately collected waste the emissions are higher for garbage trucks. As a recommendation for practitioners is optimization of routing to achieve higher collection rate for minimized route length. Transportation of RDF to WtE plant the vehicles with higher loading capacity are essential.

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Energy Recover in Sweden: a Case Study

CALIBRE - Revista Brasiliense de Engenharia e Física Aplicada ◽

10.17648/calibre.v5.1337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Marco Tsuyama

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Success Factors ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Key Factors ◽

Low Carbon Economy ◽

Greenhouse Gases Emissions

Sweden has reached prominent figures both in waste management and reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Less than 1 percent of its municipal solid waste is landfilled, and the other 99 percent is harnessed by either recycling or producing energy. It helped the country’s decarbonization, as its GDP raised 75% while its emission decreased 26% during the period 1990-2016. This is why the Sweden is a benchmarking either regarding waste management and economy decarbonization. This paper had the objective to identify key success factors that could inspire better practices in regulation and public policies regarding the energy and material recovering from municipal solid waste. To accomplish the goal it was held nine incineration plants technical visits, as well 19 Sweden experts were interviewed. It was delivered a overview of the stage of excellence of Sweden regarding waste and energy policies and 12 success factors were outlined. The key factors can be reunited in four groups: (a) holistic policy approach regarding diverse public demands; (b) integration of recycling and energy recovery from waste; (c) use of economic instruments such as taxes and tariffs in order to discourage harmful and incentive positive practices; (d) municipality’s autonomy with economic and operational capacity. The key factors can also be useful lessons to decision and opinion makers of other countries to formulate strategies that can contribute to improve performance regarding proper waste destination and decarbonization of the economy.Key-words: Waste Management, Decarbonization, Sweden, Energy Recovering, Waste-to-Energy, Low Carbon Economy.

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Plasma gasification modeling of municipal solid waste from Jatibarang Landfill in Semarang, Indonesia: analyzing its performance parameters for energy potential

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201912514009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 14009

Author(s):

Priyo Adi Sesotyo ◽

Muhammad Nur ◽

Jatmiko Endro Suseno

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Waste Heat ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Plasma Gasification ◽

Central Java ◽

Constituent Element ◽

Growth Energy ◽

Gasification Efficiency

The plasma gasification offers more benefits compared to the conventional gasification. Those benefits include the better environmental issue such as lower emission, variated feedstock and higher energy recovery, including hydrogen and waste heat. Waste to energy technology is developed as a means of waste management to obtain new and renewable energy, due to the increasingly amount of waste produced by the growing population. The feedstock use is municipal solid waste (MSW) from TPA Jatibarang in Semarang City, Central Java. Along with population growth, energy supply becoming a very crucial issue in the near future. Converting the waste to energy would overcome the two crucial issues at once. With high temperature, the plasma gas decompose the feedstock into its constituent element and within thermochemical equilibrium stoichiometry, the syngas was formed. This model was developed based on plasma arc technology and able to estimate the syngas composition, energy required for the reaction and also the CO2 emission. This study is to obtain the crucial parameter which was involved to get the highest of hydrogen, highest syngas yield, highest efficiencies along with lowest its emission. Results shows that, the use of 100% steam as gasifying agent and steam to waste ratio (SWR) of 34,48%, can produce 48,33% of H2, Syngas Yield is 9,26 Nm3/kg, Cold Gasification Efficiency is 58.60% and its emission is 0.864 kg/hr.

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