Municipal solid waste as an alternative energy source

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S Vlaskin
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Heating Value

One of the main objectives in the field of waste management today is the implementation of waste-to-energy concept, because it decreases the amount of municipal solid waste landfilled and economizes the traditional hydrocarbon fuels. One of the main objectives of this study was to assess the global energetic potential of municipal solid waste and its potential contribution in energy balance. This evaluation was based on the analysis of main municipal solid waste properties such as component and chemical compositions, and heating value. The comparison of municipal solid waste properties and energetic potential with those for traditional solid fuels was also discussed. For comparison, the biomass samples and coals collected from Russian coal basins were considered. Study of municipal solid waste properties showed that municipal solid waste represents a well-flammable fuel with high carbon content (up to 50–60% for dry ash-free basis), and relatively high O/C atomic ratio. Total world energetic potential of municipal solid waste was estimated as 20 billion GJ that is 12.6% from energetic potential of coal mined. It was shown that by municipal solid waste incineration it is possible to produce 800 billion kWh of electrical energy that is about 3.5% of total world electricity generation. It was shown that in 2035 energetic potential of municipal solid waste may share up to 21.7% from energetic potential of coal. Executed estimations confirmed the urgency of municipal solid waste waste-to-energy implementation.

Comparison of trace element mobility from MSWI ash before and after plasma vitrification

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110115
Author(s):  
Wesley N Oehmig ◽  
Justin Roessler ◽  
Abdul Mulla Saleh ◽  
Kyle A Clavier ◽  
Christopher C Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Trace Element Mobility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Air Pollution Control Residues

A common perception of plasma arc treatment systems for municipal solid waste incineration ash is that the resulting vitrified slag is inert from an environmental perspective. Research was conducted to examine this hypothesis and to assess whether reduced pollutant release results from pollutant depletion during the process of the ash with plasma, or encapsulation in the glassy vitrified matrix. The concentrations of four discrete municipal solid waste incineration ash samples before and after plasma arc vitrification in a bench-scale unit were compared. Slag and untreated ash samples were leached using several standardized approaches and mobility among the four metals of interest (e.g. As, Cd, Pb and Sb) varied across samples, but was generally high (as high as 100% for Cd). Comparison across methods did not indicate substantial encapsulation in the vitrified slag, which suggests that reduced pollutant release from plasma arc vitrified slag is due to pollutant depletion by volatilization, not encapsulation. This has significant implications for the management of air pollution control residues from waste-to-energy facilities using plasma arc vitrification.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Potential for Waste to Energy Plant (Case Study: Jatibarang Landfill Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
Mohammad Soleh ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Jaka Windarta ◽  
Olga Anne ◽  
Roy Hendroko Setyobudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Waste Dumps

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is still a serious problem in Indonesia. As well as following up on the Indonesian Government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions, a Presidential decree Perpres Number 18 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of the Development of Waste-Based Power Plants was made. It is expected that the construction of Waste-Based Power Plants from landfills can reduce the budget deficit in handling municipal waste while maintaining environmental preservation. This research calculates the potential of landfill gas that can be produced from the landfill waste dumps of Jatibarang, as well as the capacity of electrical energy that can be produced. Furthermore, with several types of plant scenarios used, it can be seen the economic feasibility of the construction of a Waste Based Power Plant in Jatibarang landfill. The landfill gas potential and economic feasibility for this study are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Software and LFG-CostWeb from LandGEM. The results showed that only from the electricity sale Standard Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set project may generate a break even in the 6 yr after the operation begins and value of the net present value is USD 755 664 for 15 yr project lifetime.

scholarly journals Development of a Software System for Selecting Steam Power Plant to Convert Municipal Solid Waste to Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11665
Author(s):  
Rotimi A. Ibikunle ◽  
Isaac F. Titiladunayo ◽  
Basil O. Akinnuli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Software System ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
Plant Capacity

A software system that enhances the selection of appropriate power plant capacity that will convert combustible municipal solid waste (MSW) into energy was developed. The aggregate of waste to be converted was determined and the corresponding heating value was established. The capacities of steam power plants’ components required for the conversion were determined, using thermodynamic mathematical models. An algorithm based on models used to determine the energy potential, the power potential of MSW, the capacities of the components of the steam power plant, were translated into computer soft code using Java programming language; saturated steam and superheated steam tables, together with the thermodynamic properties of the power plant required were incorporated into the soft code. About 584 tons of MSW having a heating value of 20 MJ/kg was the quantity of waste experimented for energy generation. This information was input into the software as data and was processed. Then, the software was able to predict 3245.54 MWh energy potential for the quantity of waste, and electrical power potential of 40.54 MW. The capacities of the steam power plant components that were predicted include 100.35 MW of boiler power, 40.54 MW of turbine power, and 59.80 MW of condenser power. The methodology adopted will make it easy for the managers in the waste-to-energy sector to appropriately select the suitable capacity of the required steam power plant that can convert any quantify of MSW at any geographical location, without going through the engineering calculation and stress or rigor involved in the plant capacity design. Moreover, the accuracy obtained for the software is greater than 99%.

scholarly journals Waste-to-Wealth: The Economic Reasons for Replacing Waste-to-Energy With the Circular Economy of Municipal Solid Waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Pagliaro
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Material Recycling

Sharing the same raw material, recycling and composting are in direct conflict with incineration of municipal solid waste in combined heath and power plants. Indeed, waste-to-energy plants in regions with high recycling rates import urban waste from other countries to use otherwise unused capacity, and raise revenues. Using the case of Italy’s second largest and economically most developed region, I discuss the economic viability of municipal solid waste incineration to produce electricity and heath in the context of the increasing role of electricity production from renewable energy sources as well as of the emerging mass-scale uptake of bioplastics. Four lessons and three guidelines aimed to local authorities and policy makers emerge from the present study.

Modelling the higher heating value of municipal solid waste for assessment of waste-to-energy potential: A sustainable case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 125575
Author(s):  
Rabia Amen ◽  
Javaria Hameed ◽  
Gadah Albashar ◽  
Hafiz Waqas Kamran ◽  
Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Heating Value

Characterization and projection of dry season municipal solid waste for energy production in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2098559
Author(s):  
RA Ibikunle ◽  
IF Titiladunayo ◽  
SO Dahunsi ◽  
EA Akeju ◽  
CO Osueke
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita

This research investigates the quantity of municipal solid waste produced during the dry season, and its characterization at Eyenkorin dumpsite of Ilorin metropolis, along the Lagos-Ilorin express way. The physicochemical and thermal compositions of the combustible fractions of municipal solid waste were analysed, to ascertain the available calorific value. In this research, the quantity (tonnes) of waste generated, the rate of generation (kg per capita per day), its sustainability and the likely energy and power potentials in the dry season, were essentially predicted. The population responsible for municipal solid waste generation during this study was 1,120,834 people. During the characterization study from November 2018 to February 2019, it was established that 203,831 tonnes of municipal solid waste was produced during the four months of the dry season, at the rate of 1.12 kg per capita per day. It was found that 280 tonnes/day of municipal solid waste with low heating value of 19 MJ kg-1, would generate 1478 MWh of heat energy and 18 MW of electrical energy potentials discretely, and grid of 13 kW.

High-Volume Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Pavel Reiterman ◽  
Ondřej Holčapek ◽  
Aneta Krausová ◽  
Michal Šyc ◽  
Martin Keppert
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Mswi Bottom Ash

About 50 % of Municipal Solid Waste is incinerated (MSWI) in Europe what represent ca. 50 Mt/a of MSWI bottom ash (BA). Bottom ash contains several marketable components (iron scrap, non-ferrous metals, glass) which can by separated from the main BA stream and placed on the market with secondary sources. The resting material is, by its composition and properties, similar to natural aggregates and can be used in this way. The influence of metals separation form BA on its behavior in concrete was tested by using BA from Praha Malešice Waste-to-Energy plant. particle size fractions 4/8 and 8/16 mm of this BA can be used as aggregates in concrete up to 50 vol. % of given fraction without any significant loss of concrete strength. The combination of valuable component separation form BA and recycling of the rest portion as aggregates feature promising way of BA management reducing the amount of BA to be landfilled to minimum.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KYIV CITY, UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
O. Sigal ◽  
N. Pavliuk
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Energy Plant

The aim of this paper is to determine upcoming trends for use of the energy potential of municipal solid waste in Kyiv city, Ukraine. The current state and development prospects of this area of waste management is considered. This article presents the approaches to the use of energy potential of municipal solid waste in Poland.  It is demonstrated that the amount of Waste-to-Energy Plant in Poland has been growing dynamically after 2015. This approach is consistent with the goals set by the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine. An analysis of the energy potential of municipal solid waste in Kyiv showed that the energy efficiency of mixed solid waste incineration differs slightly from incineration of RDF combined with biogas. The main factors affecting the economic efficiency of thermal treatment of MSW are capital costs of the construction of plants with a high-quality system for flue-gas cleaning, operating costs of energy production and the cost of raw materials. Combined mixed waste incineration at Waste-to-Energy Plant entails only capital costs. The introduction of the technology of mechanical and biological treatment of MSW requires additional capital costs of the construction of MBT systems. Operating costs of the production of RDF and biogas increase fuel costs. It has been demonstrated that the most appropriate approach for burning of MSW in Kiev is the construction of a Waste-to-Energy Plant. The discrepancy between the amount of MSW produced in Kyiv city and the statistical population of the last is shown, which confirms that a significant number of unregistered residents live in the capital.

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