Increased interaction and procedural flexibility favoured participation: Study across European cohorts of preterm born individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra CS Marques ◽  
Julia Nadine Doetsch ◽  
Raquel Teixeira ◽  
Georgia Abate ◽  
Anne Brødsgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Born

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effect of Preterm Birth on Renal Function: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2951
Author(s):  
Ju Sun Heo ◽  
Jiwon M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preterm Group ◽  
Preterm Born

The preterm-born adult population is ever increasing following improved survival rates of premature births. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate long-term effects of preterm birth on renal function in preterm-born survivors. We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify studies that compared renal function in preterm-born survivors and full-term-born controls, published until 2 February 2019. A random effects model with standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for meta-analyses. Heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using Higgin’s I2 statistics. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. Of a total of 24,388 articles screened, 27 articles were finally included. Compared to full-term-born controls, glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow were significantly decreased in preterm survivors (SMD −0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.85 to −0.22, p = 0.0008; SMD −0.39, 95% CI, −0.74 to −0.04, p = 0.03, respectively). Length and volume of the kidneys were significantly decreased in the preterm group compared to the full-term controls (SMD −0.73, 95% CI, −1.04 to −0.41, p < 0.001; SMD −0.82, 95% CI, −1.05 to −0.60, p < 0.001, respectively). However, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cystatin C showed no significant difference. The urine microalbumin to creatinine ratio was significantly increased in the preterm group. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also significantly elevated in the preterm group, although the plasma renin level did not differ. This meta-analysis demonstrates that preterm-born survivors may be subject to decreased glomerular filtration, increased albuminuria, decreased kidney size and volume, and hypertension even though their laboratory results may not yet deteriorate.

scholarly journals White matter analysis of the extremely preterm born adult brain

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118112
Author(s):  
Hassna Irzan ◽  
Erika Molteni ◽  
Michael Hütel ◽  
Sebastien Ourselin ◽  
Neil Marlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Preterm Born

Higher systolic blood pressure with normal vascular function measurements in preterm-born children

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 904-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. Edwards ◽  
William John Watkins ◽  
Sarah J. Kotecha ◽  
Julian P. J. Halcox ◽  
Frank D. Dunstan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Preterm Born

scholarly journals Bronchial hyper-responsiveness in preterm-born subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailesh Kotecha ◽  
Hege Clemm ◽  
Thomas Halvorsen ◽  
Sarah J. Kotecha
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bronchial Hyper Responsiveness ◽  
Preterm Born

Breath-to-breath variability of exhaled CO2 as a marker of lung dysmaturity in infancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 1563-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotirios Fouzas ◽  
Ilias Theodorakopoulos ◽  
Edgar Delgado-Eckert ◽  
Philipp Latzin ◽  
Urs Frey
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Preterm Group ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of diffusional screening implies that breath-to-breath variations in CO2 clearance, when related to the variability of breathing, may contain information on the quality and utilization of the available alveolar surface. We explored the validity of the above hypothesis in a cohort of young infants of comparable postmenstrual age but born at different stages of lung maturity, namely, in term-born infants ( n = 128), preterm-born infants without chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI; n = 53), and preterm infants with moderate/severe CLDI ( n = 87). Exhaled CO2 volume (VE,CO2) and concentration (FE,CO2) were determined by volumetric capnography, whereas their variance was assessed by linear and nonlinear variability metrics. The relationship between relative breath-to-breath change of VE,CO2 (ΔVE,CO2) and the corresponding change of tidal volume (ΔVT) was also analyzed. Nonlinear FE,CO2 variability was lower in CLDI compared with term and non-CLDI preterm group ( P < 0.001 for both comparisons). In CLDI infants, most of the VE,CO2 variability was attributed to the variability of VT ( r2 = 0.749), whereas in term and healthy preterm infants this relationship was weaker ( r2 = 0.507 and 0.630, respectively). The ΔVE,CO2 − ΔVT slope was less steep in the CLDI group (1.06 ± 0.07) compared with non-CLDI preterm (1.16 ± 0.07; P < 0.001) and term infants (1.20 ± 0.10; P < 0.001), suggesting that the more dysmature the infant lung, the less efficiently it eliminates CO2 under tidal breathing conditions. We conclude that the temporal variation of CO2 clearance may be related to the degree of lung dysmaturity in early infancy. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Young infants exhibit appreciable breath-to-breath CO2 variability that can be quantified by nonlinear variability metrics and may reflect the degree of lung dysmaturity. In infants with moderate/severe chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI), the variability of the exhaled CO2 is mainly driven by the variability of breathing, whereas in term-born and healthy preterm infants this relationship is less strong. The slope of the relative CO2-to-volume change is less steep in CLDI infants, suggesting that dysmature lungs are less efficient in eliminating CO2 under tidal breathing conditions.

scholarly journals Nutritional Intake, White Matter Integrity, and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Born Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3409
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Hortensius ◽  
Els Janson ◽  
Pauline E. van van Beek ◽  
Floris Groenendaal ◽  
Nathalie H. P. Claessens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Born

Background: Determining optimal nutritional regimens in extremely preterm infants remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a new nutritional regimen and individual macronutrient intake on white matter integrity and neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods: Two retrospective cohorts of extremely preterm infants (gestational age <28 weeks) were included. Cohort B (n = 79) received a new nutritional regimen, with more rapidly increased, higher protein intake compared to cohort A (n = 99). Individual protein, lipid, and caloric intakes were calculated for the first 28 postnatal days. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed at term-equivalent age, and cognitive and motor development were evaluated at 2 years corrected age (CA) (Bayley-III-NL) and 5.9 years chronological age (WPPSI-III-NL, MABC-2-NL). Results: Compared to cohort A, infants in cohort B had significantly higher protein intake (3.4 g/kg/day vs. 2.7 g/kg/day) and higher fractional anisotropy (FA) in several white matter tracts but lower motor scores at 2 years CA (mean (SD) 103 (12) vs. 109 (12)). Higher protein intake was associated with higher FA and lower motor scores at 2 years CA (B = −6.7, p = 0.001). However, motor scores at 2 years CA were still within the normal range and differences were not sustained at 5.9 years. There were no significant associations with lipid or caloric intake. Conclusion: In extremely preterm born infants, postnatal protein intake seems important for white matter development but does not necessarily improve long-term cognitive and motor development.

scholarly journals Maturation of Mitochondrial and other Isoenzymes of Creatine Kinase in Skeletal Muscle of Preterm Born Infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Smeitink ◽  
W Ruitenbeek ◽  
T v Lith ◽  
R Sengers ◽  
F Trijbels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
Preterm Born

We studied pre- and postnatal changes in total creatine kinase (CK) activity, mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) activity and immunochemical reactivity with anti-Mi-CK antibodies in skeletal muscle specimens from 12 infants, 10 of them preterm born, after a pregnancy varying between 28 and 40 weeks. Our results demonstrate that Mi-CK is present in fetal human quadriceps muscle and that the specific activity of Mi-CK increases during prenatal development from week 28 to 40 by a factor about two. Generally, adult levels have not been reached at birth, indicating a further postnatal increase of the activity of the enzyme. The Mi-CK protein content also increases during prenatal development. These results suggest that in human skeletal muscle the expression and accumulation of Mi-CK starts at mid-gestation, later than is known to occur for cytosolic CK.

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