Estimating the sex buying behavior of adult males in the United States: List experiment and direct question estimates

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Roe-Sepowitz ◽  
Stephanie Bontrager ◽  
Justin T. Pickett ◽  
Anna E. Kosloski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Direct Question ◽  
List Experiment

scholarly journals Analyzing proprietary, private label, and non-brands in fresh produce purchases

2020 ◽  
pp. 147078532094833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary William Anesbury ◽  
Kristin Jürkenbeck ◽  
Timofei Bogomolov ◽  
Svetlana Bogomolova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Label ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Fast Moving Consumer Goods ◽  
Private Label Brands ◽  
Analytical Approaches

When purchasing packaged products within a supermarket, consumers choose between proprietary or private label brands. However, when purchasing fresh fruits and vegetables, non-branded produce is the dominant option—with proprietary and private label brands only recently becoming available. Previous fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) research finds that proprietary and private label brands affect consumer loyalty—however, no research exists for fresh categories. This research is the first to determine the effect of emerging brands in fresh categories on consumer buying behavior. Our research examines consumers’ loyalty toward proprietary, private label, or non-branded fresh fruits and vegetables and the level of customer sharing between these options, using analytical approaches applicable to FMCG categories. The panel data contains nearly 46,000 households making over 8 million purchases in the United States during 2015. Results show that proprietary, private label, and now non-branded fresh produce have expected loyalty levels, for their size, and consumers share their purchases across the three options (i.e., consumers are not loyal to just one option). The study analyzes and interprets purchase data in fresh categories offering marketing academics and practitioners actionable advice for working with fresh produce purchase data.

Are Racial and Educational Inequities in Mass Incarceration Perceived to be a Social Problem? Results from an Experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew J Creighton ◽  
Kevin H Wozniak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Context ◽  
List Experiment

Abstract The disproportionate incarceration of certain groups, racial minorities, and the less educated constitutes a social problem from the perspective of both policy makers and researchers. One aspect that is poorly understood is whether the public is similarly concerned about inequities in mass incarceration. Using a list experiment embedded in a framing experiment, we test for differences in attitudes towards mass incarceration by exploring three frames: race, education, and the United States in global context. We test whether social desirability bias causes people to over-state their concern about mass incarceration when directly queried. We find that mass incarceration is seen as a problem in the United States, whether the issue is framed by race, education, or as a global outlier. The list experiment reveals that public concern about mass incarceration is not quite as great as overtly-expressed opinion would suggest, and the framing experiment indicates that race-neutral frames evoke greater concern about mass incarceration than an emphasis on racial disparities.

scholarly journals Increases in Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Adolescent and Young Adult Males in the United States, 2011–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshan U Patel ◽  
M Kate Grabowski ◽  
Anna L Eisenberg ◽  
Zoe R Packman ◽  
Patti E Gravitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Young Adult Males

scholarly journals The persistence of Shigella flexneri in the United States: increasing role of adult males.

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1432-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R V Tauxe ◽  
R C McDonald ◽  
N Hargrett-Bean ◽  
P A Blake
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Males

scholarly journals LB11. Rapid Rise in Decreased Susceptibility to Azithromycin among Shigella Isolates in the United States: A Look at National Surveillance Data, 2011–2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S763-S763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Friedman ◽  
Ian Plumb ◽  
Jared Reynolds ◽  
Jessica Chen ◽  
Kaitlin Tagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Shigella spp. cause ~500,000 illnesses in the United States annually. Antibiotics are recommended for immunocompromised patients and shorten the duration of illness, thus limiting spread. First-line treatments include ciprofloxacin (CIP) and azithromycin (AZM). CIP resistance is a growing problem in the United States; decreased susceptibility to AZM (DSA) has been reported globally, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). We reviewed National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) data to determine DSA trends among Shigella isolates in the United States. Methods Health departments nationwide forward every 20th Shigella isolate to CDC NARMS for antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution. We defined CIP resistance using CLSI clinical breakpoints and DSA using epidemiological cutoff values where available. We performed whole genome sequencing on isolates from 2016 and screened the sequences for resistance determinants using ResFinder 3.0. Results To date, we have tested 3,044 Shigella isolates collected during 2011–2017. Overall, 264 isolates (9%) had DSA, increasing from 3% in 2011 to 23% in 2017; 41 (16%) were also CIP resistant. The odds of DSA increased by 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–1.6) annually. DSA was more common among adult males (OR 21.2, CI 14.9–30.3), in isolates from the West census region (OR 2.4, CI 1.8–3.2), and in S. flexneri (OR 8.2, CI 6.3–10.7). Of 543 sequenced isolates, 52 (10%) had DSA; of these, 31 (60%) contained both mph(A) and erm(B) genes, 17 (33%) contained mph(A) only, and 4 (8%) had no identified macrolide-resistance mechanism. Conclusions In 2017, nearly 1 in 4 Shigella isolates tested had DSA, a 7-fold increase since 2011. This rapid rise in DSA parallels that seen in other countries, where resistance to other clinically relevant drugs is high and macrolides are no longer useful as empiric treatment. The increased risk of DSA in adult males is consistent with previous reports of DSA Shigella in MSM. The resistance genes observed are typically plasmid-mediated and can be transferred to other bacteria. Public health strategies to mitigate the spread of resistant Shigella should include antibiotic stewardship and novel approaches for sexually transmitted infection prevention in MSM. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

A Second Look at Views on Women’s Ordination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Knoll and ◽  
Cammie Jo Bolin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Public Opinion Surveys ◽  
Accurate Picture ◽  
Female Clergy ◽  
Women's Ordination ◽  
List Experiment ◽  
Item Count Technique

This chapter asks whether it is reasonable to expect that the data is revealing a fully accurate picture of the prevalence of support for female ordination in the United States. When asked by a telephone surveyor whether they are in favor of women being allowed to serve as clergy in their own congregation, respondents might feel social pressure to say “yes” when in actuality they are more hesitant. This chapter takes advantage of a survey tool called a “list experiment” (or “item-count technique”) to examine whether there is any evidence that support for female ordination is either over- or underreported in our public opinion surveys. It finds this is indeed the case: support for female clergy is likely overreported among our survey respondents, especially among women, meaning that there are fewer supporters of female ordination than our public opinion surveys would lead one to believe.

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