scholarly journals Characterization of wheat lacking B-type starch granules

2022 ◽  
pp. 103398
Author(s):  
Benedetta Saccomanno ◽  
Pierre Berbezy ◽  
Kim Findlay ◽  
Jennifer Shoesmith ◽  
Cristobal Uauy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granules

scholarly journals A Rubisco-binding protein is required for normal pyrenoid number and starch sheath morphology inChlamydomonas reinhardtii

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18445-18454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan K. Itakura ◽  
Kher Xing Chan ◽  
Nicky Atkinson ◽  
Leif Pallesen ◽  
Lianyong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Biophysical Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Function ◽  
And Function

A phase-separated, liquid-like organelle called the pyrenoid mediates CO2fixation in the chloroplasts of nearly all eukaryotic algae. While most algae have 1 pyrenoid per chloroplast, here we describe a mutant in the model algaChlamydomonasthat has on average 10 pyrenoids per chloroplast. Characterization of the mutant leads us to propose a model where multiple pyrenoids are favored by an increase in the surface area of the starch sheath that surrounds and binds to the liquid-like pyrenoid matrix. We find that the mutant’s phenotypes are due to disruption of a gene, which we call StArch Granules Abnormal 1 (SAGA1) because starch sheath granules, or plates, in mutants lacking SAGA1 are more elongated and thinner than those of wild type. SAGA1 contains a starch binding motif, suggesting that it may directly regulate starch sheath morphology. SAGA1 localizes to multiple puncta and streaks in the pyrenoid and physically interacts with the small and large subunits of the carbon-fixing enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), a major component of the liquid-like pyrenoid matrix. Our findings suggest a biophysical mechanism by which starch sheath morphology affects pyrenoid number and CO2-concentrating mechanism function, advancing our understanding of the structure and function of this biogeochemically important organelle. More broadly, we propose that the number of phase-separated organelles can be regulated by imposing constraints on their surface area.

Production and Characterization of Porous Starch Granule and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blend as a Bio-Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1513-1521
Author(s):  
Sirirat Thothong ◽  
Klanarong Sriroth ◽  
Rattana Tantatherdtam ◽  
Amnat Jarerat
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granule ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Granular Starch

To improve the miscibility of native rice starch granules and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT), rice starch was hydrolyzed by a mixture of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. The obtained porous rice granular starch was then mechanically blended with PBAT by single screw extruder. Many pits and holes on the surface of starch granules were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The rough surface of the rice starch granules improved the compatibility of the polymers in the blends, which consequently increased the tensile strength and the elongation at break. In addition, SEM also revealed that the porous granules were homogeneously distributed in the polymer matrix with no appearance of gaps.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characterization of masa and tortillas from parental lines, crosses, and one hybrid

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Valderrama-Bravo ◽  
A. Domínguez-Pacheco ◽  
C. Hernández-Aguilar ◽  
R. Zepeda-Bautista ◽  
A. del Real-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Grain Hardness ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
Viscoelastic Parameters ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract In maize plant breeding aimed at producing a hybrid, it is necessary to characterize the parents and hybrids by their agronomic aspects and grain quality so that the processing industry may offer consumers a quality product and also improve its efficiency. This study evaluated the viscoelastic parameters of masa and the chemical and texture properties of tortillas obtained from parent lines (M-54, M55, and CML-242), two single crosses (M54xM55 and M55xM54), and one hybrid (H-70). The morphology of the maize grains and tortillas was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The firmness of masa obtained from CML-242 and H-70 maize was higher than that from the other maize genotypes. M-54 tortillas showed the lowest crude fiber content. Otherwise, tortillas obtained from the M55xM54 hard grain had the lowest fat content and extensibility, while H-70 tortillas showed an intermediate breaking point and extensibility. M-54 and M54xM55 tortillas were softer due to their more swollen starch granules. In contrast, rigid tortillas were obtained from CML-242 and H-70. Grain hardness causes different morphology in starch and tortilla of maize genotypes. However, grain hardness did not influence the characteristics of texture in tortillas.

scholarly journals Fractionation and characterization of starch granules using field-flow fractionation (FFF) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 411 (16) ◽  
pp. 3665-3674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Fuentes ◽  
In Kang ◽  
Jangjae Lee ◽  
Dongsup Song ◽  
Malin Sjöö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Field Flow Fractionation ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Flow Fractionation

Separation and Characterization of A- and B-Type Starch Granules in Wheat Endosperm

1999 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Peng ◽  
M. Gao ◽  
E.-S. M. Abdel-Aal ◽  
P. Hucl ◽  
R. N. Chibbar
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granules ◽  
Wheat Endosperm

Studies on characterization of starch granules from botanicals using foldscope microscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Pranab Borah ◽  
Mousmi Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granules

Characterization of Starch Granules from Waxy, Nonwaxy, and Hybrid Seeds ofAmaranthus hypochondriacusL.

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1965-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yotaro Konishi ◽  
Hiroko Nojima ◽  
Kazutoshi Okuno ◽  
Masako Asaoka ◽  
Hidetsugu Fuwa
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granules ◽  
Hybrid Seeds

scholarly journals Characterization of starch granules derived from Tacca leontopetaloides by green synthesis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somtop Santibenchakul ◽  
Pirada Sudprasert
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Starch Granules
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