Abstract: Background: After the discovery of cisplatin, first non platinum anticancer drugs having
excellent efficacy were budotitane and TiCl2(cp)2 but action mechanism is not clear. Therefore, we hereby reporting
synthesis and biological activities novel titanium complexes to explore their mode of action.
Objectives:
Synthesis, spectral characterization, antibacterial and anticancer activity of some titanium complexes.
Antibacterial studies on various bacterial strains and anticancer studies on HeLa, C6, CHO cancerous
cell lines have been performed. Further, the cell death mechanistic study was done on CHO cell lines.
Method:
Titanium complexes with and without labile groups have been synthesized by reacting of TiCl4 with
nitrogen containing ligands viz. 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,10-Phenanthroline, adamantylamine, 2,2'-bipyridine,
4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine in predetermined molar ratios. Antibacterial and anticancer studies were performed
by agar well diffusion method and MTT assay respectively. Cell cycle analysis is done by using flow cytometry.
Results:
Complex 2 i.e TiCl2(Phen)2 showed better activity than other complexes as an antibacterial as well as
anticancer agent. Phase contrast imaging indicates that observed morphological changes of cells was dose dependent.
Cell death mechanistic study have shown the increase in sub G0 phase population as well as formation
of blebbing and fragmentation of chromatin material which is an indicative measure of apoptosis.
Conclusion:
Complex 2 proved to be more effective bactericide and cytotoxic agent. Cell cycle analysis showed
cell arrest in G0 phase. Apoptosis percentage was found to increase in a dose dependent manner. So, prepared
titanium complexes can be put to use as an important chemotherapeutic agents.
