Short-term radon activity concentration changes along the Underground Educational Tourist Route in the Old Uranium Mine in Kletno (Sudety Mts., SW Poland)

2014 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Fijałkowska-Lichwa
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Concentration Changes

scholarly journals Short-term <sup>222</sup>Rn activity concentration changes in underground spaces with limited air exchange with the atmosphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fijałkowska-Lichwa ◽  
T. A. Przylibski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Air Exchange

Abstract. The authors investigated short-time changes in 222Rn activity concentration occurring yearly in two underground tourist facilities with limited air exchange with the atmosphere. One of them is Niedźwiedzia (Bear) Cave in Kletno, Poland – a natural space equipped with locks ensuring isolation from the atmosphere. The other site is Fluorite Adit in Kletno, a section of a disused uranium mine. This adit is equipped with a mechanical ventilation system, operated periodically outside the opening times (at night). Both sites are situated within the same metamorphic rock complex, at similar altitudes, about 2 km apart. The measurements conducted revealed spring and autumn occurrence of convective air movements. In Bear Cave, this process causes a reduction in 222Rn activity concentration in the daytime, i.e. when tourists, guides and other staff are present in the cave. From the point of view of radiation protection, this is the best situation. For the rest of the year, daily concentrations of 222Rn activity in the cave are very stable. In Fluorite Adit, on the other hand, significant variations in daily 222Rn activity concentrations are recorded almost all year round. These changes are determined by the periods of activity and inactivity of mechanical ventilation. Unfortunately this is inactive in the daytime, which results in the highest values of 222Rn activity concentration at the times when tourists and staff are present in the adit. Slightly lower concentrations of radon in Fluorite Adit are recorded in the winter season, when convective air movements carry a substantial amount of radon out into the atmosphere. The incorrect usage of mechanical ventilation in Fluorite Adit results in the most unfavourable conditions in terms of radiation protection. The staff working in that facility are exposed practically throughout the year to the highest 222Rn activity concentrations, both at work (in the adit) and at home (outside their working hours). Therefore, not very well considered solution for the ventilation system not only does not prevent radioactive exposure of the staff, but can even increase it. The authors have also observed comparable characteristics of the annual patterns of 222Rn activity concentration changes in underground spaces and residential buildings situated in the same or similar climatic zones.

Radiation Situation in Workplaces of the Personnel at the Ground Facilities of the Priargun Production Mountain Chemical Association

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Шандала ◽  
N. Shandala ◽  
А. Маренный ◽  
A. Marennyy ◽  
Д. Исаев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Balance Factor ◽  
Chemical Association

Purpose: To obtain data of radiation survey in workplaces of the personnel of the Priargun Production Mountain Chemical Association (OJSC PPMCA), who work at the premises of the ground facilities. Material and methods: In the course of the radiation survey. Integral track methods were used to measure radon activity concentration by REI-1 track cameras of the TRACK-REI-1M kit. To assess the activity balance factor between radon and its radionuclide progenies, short term measurements of radon activity concentration (AC) and effective equilibrium concentration (EEC) of radon by handle radiometers of radon and its progenies. Gamma dose rate was measured by handle dosimeters. Results: Annual AC, EEC and effective dose due to radon and external gamma exposures in workplaces at the ground facilities of OJSC PPMCA have been obtained. Total number of the inspected workshops is 138, including 121 workshops occupied by the A group personnel, and 17 – by the B group personnel. Conclusions: It was shown that annual doses 20 mSv could be exceeded for the A group personnel who work at three workshops shaft 8K of the mine-2, one workshop of building 630A of the Hydro-metallurgical Plant and one workshop of shaft 5 B of G mine. In the workshops of the B group personnel, 5 mSv annual effective doses can be exceeded 2 and more times at the premises of canteen number 18 and administrative domestic building of mine-2.

Daily and seasonal variations in radon activity concentration in the soil air

2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M llerova ◽  
K. Holy ◽  
M. Bulko
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Radon Activity

Radon protection in apartments by wireless radon activity concentration-controlled ventilation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Dehnert ◽  
Diana Altendorf ◽  
Ralf Trabitzsch ◽  
Hannes Grünewald ◽  
Ralph Geisenhainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Controlled Ventilation

MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN UNDERGROUND WATER OF BURETI SUB-COUNTY OF KERICHO COUNTY KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Charles K Rotich ◽  
Nadir O Hashim ◽  
Margaret W Chege ◽  
Catherine Nyambura
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Annual Dose ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The activity concentration of radon in underground water of Bureti sub-county was measured using liquid scintillating counter device. The average radon activity concentration in all the water samples was 12.41 Bql−1. The maximum and minimum activity concentrations of radon were 22.5 and 4.57 Bql−1, respectively. In total, 53% of the total samples analysed had radon concentration levels above the US Environmental Protection Agency-recommended limit of 11.1 Bql−1. The annual dose received by an individual as a result of waterborne radon was determined according to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation reports and was found to be 33.23 𝜇Svy−1. All the samples recorded a value &lt;100 𝜇Svy−1 recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Union council.

Radioactivity in the gas pipeline network in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Jodlowski ◽  
Jakub Nowak ◽  
Jan Macuda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radon Progeny ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Wide Range

&lt;p&gt;The radiological risk in natural gas industry is mostly connected with radon (Rn-222) and its progeny: Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214, Po-214 and Pb-210. The radon activity concentration in natural gas transported by gas pipelines varies in a wide range from dozens of Bq/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; to several thousand Bq/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and mainly depends on the proximity of mines and geological structure of the deposit from which natural gas is extracted and transported. The radon progeny are ion metals, which are easily adsorbed on aerosols and deposited on the inner surfaces of gas pipe and other gas processing equipment such as scrubbers, compressors, reflux pumps, control valves and product lines creating thin radioactive films. Additionally, radon progeny together with aerosols (in contrast to radon) are retained on filters. In the aftermath of successive radioactive decay of short-lived radon progeny, long-lived Pb-210 is accumulated on filters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; The paper presents the study of the Rn-222, Pb-210 connected with the transport of natural gas by the gas pipeline network in Poland. In the scope of the study the measurements of activity concentration of radon (Rn-222) in the gas samples (with alpha scintillation cells), radiolead Pb-210 in spent filter cartridges and dust samples collected from the gas pipeline network (with gamma-ray spectrometry) were performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; The results show that the Rn-222 activity concentration in natural gas varies from the detection limit of the applied method (30 Bq/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) to around 1400 Bq/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. Generally, the Rn-222 concentration in natural gas samples fluctuate around the mean radon concentration in the air of dwellings in Poland. The elevated radon activity concentrations in natural gas of several hundreds of Bq/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and more are observed at locations where the gas directly comes from local gas mines or where there is a blend of the national gas with imported one. Relatively low radon concentration in imported natural gas is connected with the fact that this gas was imported from abroad. Therefore, the time elapsed from the gas extraction to the collection of samples was relatively long. In consequence, the concentration of Rn-222 in the gas significantly decreased due to radon decay (3.4 days). Additionally, the temporal variability (daily and weekly) of the radon activity concentration in the natural gas were assessed. The results show radon concentrations does not statistically change in daily or weekly time scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160; The Pb-210 activity concentration in dust (&quot;black-powder&quot;) from gas filters and spent filter cartridges is high and varies from 500 to 17000 Bq/kg and from 200 to 2900 Bq/kg respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Variation of Cardiac Troponin I and T Measured with Sensitive Assays in Emergency Department Patients with Noncardiac Chest Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1208-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkher Scharnhorst ◽  
Krisztina Krasznai ◽  
Marcel van 't Veer ◽  
Rolf H Michels
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Noncardiac Chest Pain ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Concentration Changes

Abstract BACKGROUND New-generation high-sensitivity assays for cardiac troponin have lower detection limits and less imprecision than earlier assays. Reference 99th-percentile cutoff values for these new assays are also lower, leading to higher frequencies of positive test results. When cardiac troponin concentrations are minimally increased, serial testing allows discrimination of myocardial infarction from other causes of increased cardiac troponin. We assessed various measures of short-term variation, including absolute concentration changes, reference change values (RCVs), and indices of individuality (II) for 2 cardiac troponin assays in emergency department (ED) patients. METHODS We collected blood from patients presenting with cardiac chest pain upon arrival in the ED and 2, 6, and 12 h later. Cardiac troponin was measured with the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assay (Roche Diagnostics) and a sensitive cTnI assay (Siemens Diagnostics). Cardiac troponin results from 67 patients without acute coronary syndrome or stable angina were used in calculating absolute changes in cardiac troponin, RCVs, and II. RESULTS The 95th percentiles for absolute change in cardiac troponin were 8.3 ng/L for hs-cTnT and 28 ng/L for cTnI. Within-individual and total CVs were 11% and 14% for hs-cTnT and 18% and 21% for cTnI, respectively. RCVs were 38% (hs-cTnT) and 57% (cTnI). The corresponding log-normal RCVs were +46%/−32% for hs-cTnT and +76%/−43% for cTnI. II values were 0.31 (cTnI) and 0.12 (hs-cTnT). CONCLUSIONS The short-term variations and IIs of cardiac troponin were low in ED patients free of ischemic myocardial necrosis. The detection of cardiac troponin variation exceeding reference thresholds can help to identify ED patients with acute myocardial necrosis whereas variation within these limits renders acute coronary syndrome unlikely.

scholarly journals Indoor radon monitoring in selected fault zones, Slovakia – preliminary results from the summer monitoring period

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-402
Author(s):  
Iveta Smetanová ◽  
Andrej Mojzeš ◽  
František Marko ◽  
Kamil Fekete ◽  
Kristián Csicsay
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Monitoring Period ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Radon Survey ◽  
Radon Monitoring

Abstract Indoor radon survey in Sološnica, Vydrník and Zázrivá villages has been performed within the framework of the project “Multidisciplinary research of geophysical and structural parameters, and environmental impacts of faults of the Western Carpathians”. Integration measurement of 222Rn activity concentration has been carried out using RamaRn detectors in houses, offices, schools and kindergartens. Indoor radon activity in the summer monitoring period (June–August 2018) varied from values under the detection limit of 55 Bq/m3 to 480 Bq/m3. In 94% of rooms the radon activity below 200 Bq/m3 was found. The results have been examined in respect of the most used building material and presence or absence of a cellar underneath the room. Indoor radon higher than 300 Bq/m3 was measured only in rooms in direct contact with the subsoil.

scholarly journals Remarks to history of radon activity concentration metrology

Nukleonika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Petr P. S. Otahal ◽  
Ivo Burian
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Legislative Council ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Icrp Publication

AbstractThe radon issue has been known worldwide for dozens of years. Many scientific (ICRP Publication No. 137), technical (ICRU Report No. 88), and legislative (Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM (EU-BSS)) documents have been published in the last decade. More and more attention is being paid to precise quantification to determine the concentration and consequent effects of various pollutants on human health worldwide. The quality of measurement and the variety of measurement techniques increase the need to unify measurement procedures and metrology continuity. Countries around the world are beginning to unify metrological procedures for determining different quantities based on international recommendations and standards. Not only for these reasons, it became more actual a need for more accurate radon activity concentration measurement and radon metrology unification. This paper summarizes the main remarks and technical aspects to the historical development of radon metrology.

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