Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of Rwandan medicinal plants used in the treatment of malaria

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Muganga ◽  
L. Angenot ◽  
M. Tits ◽  
M. Frédérich
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis ◽  
Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto ◽  
Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah ◽  
Takeshi Katayama ◽  
Toshisada Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The crude ethanol extracts of four Indonesian medicinal plants namely Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.,Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata Ness., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. wereexamined for their antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The total phenoliccontent was used the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activityranged from 14.5 to 178.5 μg/ml, with P. niruri having the lowest value and therefore the mostpotent, and C. aeruginosa having the highest value. LC50 values for BSLT ranged from 210.3 to593.2 μg/ml, with C. xanthorrhiza and A. paniculata having the lowest and highest values,respectively. The total phenolic content of the Indonesian plants ranged from 133.0 ±3.7 to863.3±54.7 mg tannic acid equivalent per 1 g extract, with C. aeruginosa and P. niruri having thelowest and highest values, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavengingactivity and the content of phenolic compounds was found in the four of Indonesian medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Malaria in Embu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bibianne Waiganjo ◽  
Gervason Moriasi ◽  
Jared Onyancha ◽  
Nelson Elias ◽  
Francis Muregi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Chloroquine Resistance ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Malaria is a deadly disease caused by a protozoan parasite whose mode of transmission is through a female Anopheles mosquito. It affects persons of all ages; however, pregnant mothers, young children, and the elderly suffer the most due to their dwindled immune state. The currently prescribed antimalarial drugs have been associated with adverse side effects ranging from intolerance to toxicity. Furthermore, the costs associated with conventional approach of managing malaria are arguably high especially for persons living in low-income countries, hence the need for alternative and complementary approaches. Medicinal plants offer a viable alternative because of their few associated side effects, are arguably cheaper, and are easily accessible. Based on the fact that studies involving antimalarial medicinal plants as potential sources of efficacious and cost-effective pharmacotherapies are far between, this research was designed to investigate antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of organic and aqueous extracts of selected plants used by Embu traditional medicine practitioners to treat malaria. The studied plants included Erythrina abyssinica (stem bark), Schkuhria pinnata (whole plant), Sterculia africana (stem bark), Terminalia brownii (leaves), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (leaves), Leonotis mollissima (leaves), Carissa edulis (leaves), Tithonia diversifolia (leaves and flowers), and Senna didymobotrya (leaves and pods). In vitro antiplasmodial activity studies of organic and water extracts were carried out against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistance (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In vivo antiplasmodial studies were done by Peter’s four-day suppression test to test for their in vivo antimalarial activity against P. berghei. Finally, cytotoxic effects and safety of the studied plant extracts were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) rapid calorimetric assay technique. The water and methanolic extracts of T. brownii and S. africana and dichloromethane extracts of E. abyssinica, S. pinnata, and T. diversifolia leaves revealed high in vitro antiplasmodial activities (IC50≤10 μg/ml). Further, moderate in vivo antimalarial activities were observed for water and methanolic extracts of L. mollissima and S. africana and for dichloromethane extracts of E. abyssinica and T. diversifolia leaves. In this study, aqueous extracts of T. brownii and S. africana demonstrated high antiplasmodial activity and high selectivity indices values (SI≥10) and were found to be safe. It was concluded that T. brownii and S. africana aqueous extracts were potent antiplasmodial agents. Further focused studies geared towards isolation of active constituents and determination of in vivo toxicities to ascertain their safety are warranted.

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants from Yemen

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Al-Fatimi ◽  
Martina Wurster ◽  
Gudrun Schröder ◽  
Ulrike Lindequist
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of Three Medicinal Plants from Cameroon (Alstonia boonei, Cassia alata and Garcinia lucida) Against Diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Lunga Paul Keila ◽  
Melogmo Dongmo Yan ◽  
Toghueo Kouipou Ru ◽  
Djague Fred ◽  
Dize Darline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cassia Alata

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Oguntimehin ◽  
Edith Ajaiyeoba ◽  
Omonike Ogbole ◽  
Hannah Dada-Adegbola ◽  
Bosede Oluremi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background: Increased exposure to pathogens and free radicals contributed to the high incidence and mortality rate of various cancers in Nigeria and globally. Promotion of scientific research on medicinal plants in collaboration with traditional health practitioners to validate claims made on safety, efficacy and quality of traditional medicinal plants in the treatment of cancer is imperative. This study aims at screening extracts of selected Nigerian medicinal plants used traditionally for cancer treatment for antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities towards identification of potential source of new anticancer agents.Methods: Twenty-one extracts from sixteen medicinal plants species were screened for their cytotoxicity on RD, HeLa and Hep-2 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts as well as their Total Phenolic Content (TPC) were evaluated. The extracts were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using spectrophotometric growth inhibition method. Results: Extracts of Tetrapleura tetrapleura and Xylopia aethiopica showed high DPPH inhibitory activity and phenolic content. Extracts of X. aethiopica and Anchomanes difformis showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activities while root extracts of Crotolaria retusa and T. tetraptera exhibited antifungal activities comparable (P<0.05) to Ketoconazole. Extracts of Capcicum frutescens, Aspilia africana, X. aethiopica, T. tetraptera and C. retusa showed broad spectrum of cytotoxic activities.Conclusions: Extracts of T. tetraptera and X. aethiopica demonstrated satisfactory activities in all the biological tests which could be linked to their high phenolic contents. The findings support the ethno-medicinal uses of most of the tested medicinal plants.

Antimalarial and cytotoxic activities of ethnopharmacologically selected medicinal plants from South Vietnam

2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Nguyen-Pouplin ◽  
Hop Tran ◽  
Hung Tran ◽  
Tuyet Anh Phan ◽  
Christiane Dolecek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
South Vietnam

scholarly journals Ethiopian Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Treatment of Cancer; Part 3: Selective Cytotoxic Activity of 22 Plants against Human Cancer Cell Lines

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3658
Author(s):  
Solomon Tesfaye ◽  
Hannah Braun ◽  
Kaleab Asres ◽  
Ephrem Engidawork ◽  
Anteneh Belete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Mcf 7

Medicinal plants have been traditionally used to treat cancer in Ethiopia. However, very few studies have reported the in vitro anticancer activities of medicinal plants that are collected from different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia. Hence, the main aim of this study was to screen the cytotoxic activities of 80% methanol extracts of 22 plants against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as human breast (MCF-7), lung (A427), bladder (RT-4), and cervical (SiSo) cancer cell lines. Active extracts were further screened against human large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC-103H), pancreatic cancer (DAN-G), ovarian cancer (A2780), and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (KYSE-70) by using the crystal violet cell proliferation assay, while the vitality of the acute myeloid leukemia (HL-60) and histiocytic lymphoma (U-937) cell lines was monitored in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) microtiter assay. Euphorbia schimperiana, Acokanthera schimperi, Kniphofia foliosa, and Kalanchoe petitiana exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against A427, RT-4, MCF-7, and SiSo cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 1.85 ± 0.44 to 17.8 ± 2.31µg/mL. Furthermore, these four extracts also showed potent antiproliferative activities against LCLC-103H, DAN-G, A2780, KYSE-70, HL-60, and U-937 cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.086 to 27.06 ± 10.8 µg/mL. Hence, further studies focusing on bio-assay-guided isolation and structural elucidation of active cytotoxic compounds from these plants are warranted.

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