An efficient way to enhance the total nitrogen removal efficiency of the Anammox process by S0-based short-cut autotrophic denitrification

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangmin Chen ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yan Yuan ◽  
Yong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

A novel sludge minimized biological nitrogen removal process for saline sewage treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1893-1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Tsang ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
S. Li ◽  
G. H. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

This study reports a lab-scale evaluation of a new biological nitrogen removal process for saline sewage treatment, namely a SANI process (Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated process). The experimental system consisted of an up-flow anaerobic bed for sulfate reduction, an anoxic filter for autotrophic denitrification using dissolved sulfide produced in the up-flow anaerobic bed and an aerobic filter for nitrification. The system successfully operated for more than 180 days with an overall organic carbon removal efficiency of 95%, in which, 82% removal was contributed by the up-flow anaerobic bed operating at a HRT of 6 h, and 13% removal by the anoxic filter. An average COD removed /sulfate removed ratio was found to be 0.76 gCOD/gSO4 or 2.28 COD/gSO4-S further confirming that the organic removal was mainly achieved by the sulfate reduction. In terms of nitrogen removal efficiency, the SANI system was found sensitive to the recirculation rate between the anoxic filter and the aerobic filter. A recirculation rate of 3Q was found to be optimal for achieving 74% of the total nitrogen removal. It was confirmed that the autotrophic denitrification was a major contributor to the total nitrogen removal in the SANI system. Sulfur balance analysis indicated that both the accumulation of elementary sulfur in the biomass and the loss of hydrogen sulfide were trivial. During the entire operation period (330 days to date), no sludge was wasted from any reactors in this system. This was further confirmed by the biomass balance simulation results that low biomass yields of sulfate reducing bacteria, autotrophic denitrifiers and nitrifiers contribute to the zero excess sludge discharge.

Model-based evaluation of COD influence on a partial nitrification-Anammox biofilm (CANON) process

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-D. Hao ◽  
M.C.M. van Loosdrecht
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Heterotrophic Growth ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Canon Process

A model evaluating COD influence on a partial nitrification-Anammox biofilm process is integrated on the basis of heterotrophic growth as described in ASM3, combined with a previously published model for the CANON process. This integrated model can simulate the activities of heterotrophs and autotrophs involved in a biofilm, and interactions between COD oxidation, denitrification, nitrification and Anammox can be evaluated. Simulations indicate that COD in the influent has no important influence on the trends in the partial nitrification-Anammox biofilm process. Besides full COD removal, a total nitrogen removal efficiency of about 90% can be expected for stable biofilm systems. Furthermore, Anammox is a major contributor to the total nitrogen removal in stable biofilm systems and conventional denitrification only takes a share of <20% in the total nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal via a single-stage PN–Anammox process in a novel combined biofilm reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-mei Han ◽  
Feng-xia Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Xu ◽  
Zhuo Yan ◽  
Zhi-jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract This study developed a partial nitrification (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process for treating high-ammonia wastewater using an innovative biofilm system in which ammonia oxidizing bacteria grew on fluidized Kaldnes (K1) carriers and Anammox bacteria grew on fixed acryl resin carriers. The airlift loop biofilm reactor (ALBR) was stably operated for more than 4 months under the following conditions: 35 ± 2 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0.5–3.5 mg/L. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached a maximum of 75% and the total nitrogen removal loading rate was above 0.4 kg/(d·m3). DO was the most efficient control parameter in the mixed biofilm system, and values below 1.5 mg/L were observed in the riser zone for the PN reaction, while values below 0.8 mg/L were observed in the downer zone for the Anammox reaction. Scanning electron microscopy and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization images showed that most of the nitrifying bacteria were distributed on the K1 carriers and most of the Anammox bacteria were distributed within the acryl resin carriers. Therefore, the results indicate that the proposed combined biofilm system is easy to operate and efficient for the treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.

Long-term operation of membrane biofilm reactors for nitrogen removal with autotrophic bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2405-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Hwang ◽  
N. Cicek ◽  
J. A. Oleszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Biofilm Control ◽  
Autotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biofilm Development

Efficient gas delivery and biofilm development on membrane fibers in a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) would be well suited to autotrophic nitrification and denitrification using hydrogen. Total nitrogen removal in a two-step MBfR system incorporating sequential nitrification and hydrogen-driven autotrophic denitrification was investigated in order to achieve nitrogen removal by autotrophic bacteria alone. This study also aimed at the long-term stable operation, which proved difficult in previous studies due to excessive biofilm accumulation in autotrophic denitrification systems. Consecutive operation of nitrification and autotrophic denitrification lasted 230 days. Average specific nitrification rate of 1.87 g N/m2 d was achieved and the performance was very stable throughout the experimental periods. Nitrification performance from this study showed comparable rates to previous studies although this work was conducted at slightly lower temperature. Batch tests confirmed the presence of nitrifiers from the effluent of the nitrification reactor, which reattached to the biofilm in the denitrification reactor leading to further nitrification. Performance of autotrophic denitrification was maintained stably throughout the experimental periods, however biofilm control by nitrogen sparging was required for process stability. Average specific denitrification rate of 1.41 g N/m2 d and a maximum specific denitrification rate of 2.04 g N/m2 d was maintained. This study showed that, with an appropriate biofilm control plan, stable long-term operation of a fully autotrophic MBfR system for total nitrogen removal was possible without major membrane cleaning procedures.

Performance of Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2318-2321
Author(s):  
Dong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performances of A lab-scale innovative sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) to treat domestic wastewater,in which a acryl cylinder (height 200 mm, diameter 70 mm) was equipped and many fiber threads were attached to the surface of the cylinder as the bacteria carrier. No time and volume for settling was required in this system. After one year’s operation, each parameter achieved the wastewater discharged criterion in 2 cycles (4 h). It was found that COD removal efficiency was up to 90% in 3 h, and ammonium nitrogen concentration approached the least value; total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 55%-71%. In this SBBR system simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was completed at the end of 2 cycles.

Enhancement of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Removal with a Side Stream Biological Nutrient Removal Process

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Sang Eun Lee ◽  
Kwang Soo Kim ◽  
Kap Soo Kim ◽  
Chang Whoe Kim
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Side Stream ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Bench scale experiments and pilot plant studies (20 m3/day) on a side stream biological nutrient removal process (P/L process) were conducted for 3 years using primary effluent of two different sewage treatment plants as influent. The phosphorus removal efficiency was always higher than 90% resulting in an effluent T-P concentration lower than 0.5 mg/l while total nitrogen removal efficiency of the P/L process was less than 50%. However, total nitrogen removal efficiency could be improved to 88% with some modification of the process. The presence of nitrate nitrogen higher than 2 mg/l in the phosphorus stripping tank significantly reduced the phosphorus release in the stripping tank. Phosphorus content of the sludge in the aeration basin was about 30% higher than that of the phosphorus stripping tank, however, phosphorus content in the aeration basin could become higher by recycling portions of the phosphorus rich supernatant to the aeration basin to utilize the phosphorus uptake capacity of the sludge in aerobic conditions more efficiently and also to reduce the alum requirement.

Theoretical analysis on nitrogen removal of the step-feed anoxic-oxic activated sludge process and its application for the optimal operation

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
R Value ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Reaction Patterns

The nitrogen removal efficiency of the step-feed anoxic-oxic activated sludge process, which has two anoxic tanks and two oxic tanks, was theoretically discussed on the basis of the stoichiometry of denitrification and nitrification reactions. As the first step, effluent NH4-N and NO3-N concentrations were formulated with four parameters; 1) a, equivalent ratio of alkalinity to ammonia in influent, 2) b, that of substrate to ammonia, 3) r, step ratio of influent to the second anoxic tank and 4) R, return (+ recycle) sludge ratio. This calculus was done for the possible sixteen (=24) cases which show different reaction patterns in four tanks, and 12 cases out of 16 were found to be available. The effects of step ratio, r were examined in its range of 0 - 1 at a fixed R value, and it was found that the increase of r alters the outcome in a different way depending on the ranges of a and b. Consequently, zoning of a-b coordinates was successfully made, and the optimal r value for maximum total nitrogen removal was obtained in each zone. In addition, the optimal volume allocation of the four tanks was discussed and the ratios were formulated for each zone.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Adjusting the S2O32−/NO3− Ratio to Adapt to Dynamic Influents in Coupled Anammox and Denitrification Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2200
Author(s):  
Yuqian Hou ◽  
Shaoju Cheng ◽  
Mengliang Wang ◽  
Chenyong Zhang ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Heterotrophic Denitrification

In this study, anammox, sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification, and heterotrophic denitrification (A/SAD/HD) were coupled in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor to explore the feasibility of enhancing denitrification performance by adjusting the S2O32−/NO3− (S/N) ratio to accommodate dynamic influents. The results indicated that the optimal influent conditions occurred when the conversion efficiency of ammonium (CEA) was 55%, the S/N ratio was 1.24, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 50 mg/L, which resulted in a total nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 95.0% ± 0.5%. The S/N ratio regulation strategy was feasible when the influent COD concentration was less than 100 mg/L and the CEA was between 57% and 63%. Characterization by 16S rRNA sequencing showed that Candidatus Jettenia might have contributed the most to anammox, while Thiobacillus and Denitratisoma were the dominant taxa related to denitrification. The findings of this study provide insights into the effects of CEA and COD on the performance of the A/SAD/HD system and the feasibility of the S/N ratio regulation strategy.

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