Joint angle-torque characteristics of the knee extensors following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in young, active women

Limited research exists in the literature regarding the biomechanics of the jump-landing sequence in individuals that experience symptoms of muscle damage. The present study investigated the effects of knee localized muscle damage on sagittal plane landing biomechanics during drop vertical jump (DVJ). Thirteen regional level athletes performed five sets of 15 maximal eccentric voluntary contractions of the knee extensors of both legs at 60°/s. Pelvic and lower body kinematics and kinetics were measured pre- and 48 h post-eccentric exercise. The examination of muscle damage indicators included isometric torque, muscle soreness, and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity. The results revealed that all indicators changed significantly following eccentric exercise (p < 0.05). Peak knee and hip joint flexion as well as peak anterior pelvic tilt significantly increased, whereas vertical ground reaction force (GRF), internal knee extension moment, and knee joint stiffness significantly decreased during landing (p < 0.05). Therefore, the participants displayed a softer landing pattern following knee-localized eccentric exercise while being in a muscle-damaged state. This observation provides new insights on how the DVJ landing kinematics and kinetics alter to compensate the impaired function of the knee extensors following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and residual muscle soreness 48 h post-exercise.

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Effects of Individualized Ischemic Preconditioning on Protection Against Eccentric Exercise–Induced Muscle Damage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/1941738121995414 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194173812199541

Author(s):

Mikhail Santos Cerqueira ◽

Daniel Kovacs ◽

Ingrid Martins de França ◽

Rafael Pereira ◽

Sinval Bezerra da Nobrega Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Ischemic Preconditioning ◽

Muscle Soreness ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Sham Group ◽

Pressure Pain Threshold ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Occlusion Pressure ◽

Exercise Induced

Background: The effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) versus a deceptive sham protocol on indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) after the application of individualized occlusion pressure were examined. The goal of using a sham protocol is to control for the potential effect of placebo. Hypothesis: IPC would surpass the sham protocol in protecting against EIMD. Study Design: A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Methods: Thirty healthy young men were randomly assigned to an eccentric exercise for the knee extensor muscles preceded by IPC (4 × 5 minutes of individualized total occlusion pressure) or sham protocol (4 × 5 minutes using 20 mm Hg). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), rate of torque development, muscle soreness, pressure pain threshold, knee range of motion, thigh girth, and creatine kinase (CK) activity were assessed before IPC or sham protocol and up to 72 hours after the eccentric EIMD. Affective valence and perceived exertion were also evaluated. Results: MVIT decreased 17.1% in the IPC and 18.1% in the sham groups, with no differences between groups. Differences from baseline were observed in the sham group for muscle soreness at 48 hours ( P < 0.001) and 72 hours ( P = 0.02), and for CK activity at 72 hours ( P = 0.04). Muscle soreness was reduced in the IPC group at 48 hours compared with the sham group (∆ = 15.8 mm; P = 0.008) but without achieving the minimal clinically important difference. IPC induced a smaller perceived exertion than the sham protocol (∆ = 1.1 a.u.; P = 0.02). The remaining outcomes were not statistically different in both groups. Conclusion: IPC does not surpass the sham protocol to protect against mild EIMD of the knee extensors muscles. Clinical Relevance: Although IPC is a noninvasive, low-cost, and easy-to-administer intervention, the IPC effects can, in part, be explained by the placebo effect. In addition, individualized IPC promotes attenuation in perceived exertion during eccentric exercise.

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The susceptibility of the knee extensors to eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage is not affected by leg dominance but by exercise order

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging ◽

10.1111/cpf.12040 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 373-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S. Hody ◽

B. Rogister ◽

P. Leprince ◽

T. Laglaine ◽

J. -L. Croisier

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Leg Dominance

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Preconditioning by light-load eccentric exercise is equally effective as low-level laser therapy in attenuating exercise-induced muscle damage in collegiate men

Journal of Pain Research ◽

10.2147/jpr.s139615 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 10 ◽

pp. 2213-2221 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Samar Nausheen ◽

Jamal Ali Moiz ◽

Shahid Raza ◽

Mohammed Yakub Shareef ◽

Shahnawaz Anwer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Low Level Laser Therapy ◽

Low Level ◽

Low Level Laser ◽

Light Load ◽

Level Laser ◽

Exercise Induced

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Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of pre-adolescent and adolescent boys in comparison to young men

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-014-2848-3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 114 (6) ◽

pp. 1183-1195 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Trevor C. Chen ◽

Hsin-Lian Chen ◽

Yi-Chuen Liu ◽

Kazunori Nosaka

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Young Men ◽

Adolescent Boys ◽

Exercise Induced

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Muscle Damage Indicated by Maximal Voluntary Contraction Strength Changes From Immediately to 1 Day After Eccentric Exercise of the Knee Extensors

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.775157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mikio Shoji ◽

Ryoichi Ema ◽

Kazunori Nosaka ◽

Akihiro Kanda ◽

Kosuke Hirata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shear Modulus ◽

Muscle Damage ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Recovery Rate ◽

Muscle Soreness ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Significant Group ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Recovery Group

The present study examined if the magnitude of changes in indirect muscle damage markers could be predicted by maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque changes from immediately to 1 day after eccentric exercise. Twenty-eight young men performed 100 maximal isokinetic (60°/s) eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. MVIC torque, potentiated doublet torque, voluntary activation (VA) during MVIC, shear modulus of rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis and lateralis, and muscle soreness of these muscles were measured before, immediately after, and 1–3 days post-exercise. Based on the recovery rate of the MVIC torque from immediately to 1-day post-exercise, the participants were placed to a recovery group that showed an increase in the MVIC torque (11.3–79.9%, n = 15) or a no-recovery group that showed no recovery (−71.9 to 0%, n = 13). No significant difference in MVIC torque decrease immediately post-exercise was found between the recovery (−33 ± 12%) and no-recovery (−32 ± 9%) groups. At 1–3 days, changes in MVIC torque (−40 to −26% vs. −22 to −12%), potentiated doublet torque (−37 to −22% vs. −20 to −9%), and proximal RF shear modulus (29–34% vs. 8–15%) were greater (p < 0.05) for the no-recovery than recovery group. No significant group differences were found for muscle soreness. The recovery rate of MVIC torque was correlated (p < 0.05) with the change in MVIC torque from baseline to 2 (r = 0.624) or 3 days post-exercise (r = 0.526), or peak change in potentiated doublet torque at 1–3 days post-exercise from baseline (r = 0.691), but not correlated with the changes in other dependent variables. These results suggest that the recovery rate of MVIC torque predicts changes in neuromuscular function but not muscle soreness and stiffness following eccentric exercise of the knee extensors.

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Effect of two maximal isometric contractions on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the elbow flexors

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-012-2581-8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 113 (6) ◽

pp. 1545-1554 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Trevor C. Chen ◽

Hsin-Lian Chen ◽

Ming-Ju Lin ◽

Che-Hsiu Chen ◽

Alan J. Pearce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Damage ◽

Eccentric Exercise ◽

Isometric Contractions ◽

Elbow Flexors ◽

Exercise Induced

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The Effects of Exercise Induced Muscle Damage on Knee Joint Torque and Balance Performance

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports6030101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Nicole Dabbs ◽

Harish Chander

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Muscle Damage ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Time Effect ◽

Joint Torque ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Significant Time ◽

Significant Time Effect ◽

Exercise Induced

The purpose of this investigation is to determine the effects of exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD) on balance and knee joint torque. Thirteen males and females volunteered to participate in the study. Following a familiarization session, baseline measures were obtained for isometric torque measured during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for knee flexors and extensors, and ankle dorsi-flexors and plantar-flexors. Additionally, balance performance was tested in double leg (DL), and right single leg (RSL) static and dynamic unstable stability was measured. Participants then performed the muscle damage protocol of front loaded Bulgarian split squats. All measurements were re-assessed for torque and balance immediately and up to 72 h afterwards. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze differences between baseline and all time-points for torque and balance measures. There was a significant time effect for knee extensors MVIC torque, where baseline measures are greater than post EIMD, 24 h and 48 h post EIMD. There was no significant time effect for all balance conditions. These results provide evidence of EIMD following high intensity eccentric exercises with significant reductions in knee extensor torque up to at least 48 h and show that balance was not compromised following EIMD.

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