Fabrication of barium titanate ceramics via digital light processing 3D printing by using high refractive index monomer

AbstractA polymer based horizontal single step waveguide for the sensing of alcohol is developed and analyzed. The waveguide is fabricated by 3-dimensional (3D) printing digital light processing (DLP) technology using monocure 3D rapid ultraviolet (UV) clear resin with a refractive index of n = 1.50. The fabricated waveguide is a one-piece tower shaped ridge structure. It is designed to achieve the maximum light confinement at the core by reducing the effective refractive index around the cladding region. With the surface roughness generated from the 3D printing DLP technology, various waveguides with different gap sizes are printed. Comparison is done for the different gap waveguides to achieve the minimum feature gap size utilizing the light re-coupling principle and polymer swelling effect. This effect occurs due to the polymer-alcohol interaction that results in the diffusion of alcohol molecules inside the core of the waveguide, thus changing the waveguide from the leaky type (without alcohol) to the guided type (with alcohol). Using this principle, the analysis of alcohol concentration performing as a larger increase in the transmitted light intensity can be measured. In this work, the sensitivity of the system is also compared and analyzed for different waveguide gap sizes with different concentrations of isopropanol alcohol (IPA). A waveguide gap size of 300 µm gives the highest increase in the transmitted optical power of 65% when tested with 10 µL (500 ppm) concentration of IPA. Compared with all other gaps, it also displays faster response time (t = 5 seconds) for the optical power to change right after depositing IPA in the chamber. The measured limit of detection (LOD) achieved for 300 µm is 0.366 µL. In addition, the fabricated waveguide gap of 300 µm successfully demonstrates the sensing limit of IPA concentration below 400 ppm which is considered as an exposure limit by “National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health”. All the mechanical mount and the alignments are done by 3D printing fused deposition method (FDM).

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Cellulose derivative/barium titanate composites with high refractive index, conductivity and energy density

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-021-04343-2 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Andreea Irina Barzic ◽

Marius Soroceanu ◽

Razvan Rotaru ◽

Florica Doroftei ◽

Mihai Asandulesa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Energy Density ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Cellulose Derivative

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Coated High-Refractive-Index Barium Titanate Glass Microspheres for Optically Trapped Microsphere Super-Resolution Microscopy: A Simulation Study

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics7040084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 84

Author(s):

Xi Liu ◽

Song Hu ◽

Yan Tang

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

Optical Trapping ◽

Super Resolution ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Trapping Efficiency ◽

Single Beam ◽

Imaging Performance ◽

Super Resolution Microscopy ◽

Optically Trapped

As water is normally used as the immersion medium in optically trapped microsphere microscopy, the high-refractive-index barium titanate glass (BTG) microsphere shows a better imaging performance than the low-index polystyrene (PS) or melamine formaldehyde (MF) microsphere, but it is difficult to be trapped by single-beam optical trapping due to its overly high refractive index. In this study, coated BTG microspheres with a PS coating have been computationally explored for the combination of optical trapping with microsphere-assisted microscopy. The PS coating thickness affects both the optical trapping efficiency and photonic nanojet (PNJ) property of the coated BTG sphere. Compared to the uncoated BTG sphere, the coated BTG sphere with a proper PS coating thickness has a highly improved trapping efficiency which enables single-beam optical trapping, and a better PNJ with a higher optical intensity Imax and a narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) corresponding to better imaging performance. These coated BTG spheres also have an advantage in trapping efficiency and imaging performance over conventional PS and MF spheres. The coated BTG microsphere is highly desirable for optically trapped microsphere super-resolution microscopy and potentially beneficial to other research areas, such as nanoparticle detection.

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Experimental studies on 3D printing of barium titanate ceramics for medical applications

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1515/cdbme-2016-0024 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 95-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mark Schult ◽

Eric Buckow ◽

Hermann Seitz

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

3D Printing ◽

Piezoelectric Properties ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Raw Material ◽

Medical Applications ◽

3D Printer ◽

3D Printed ◽

Titanate Ceramics

AbstractThe present work deals with the 3D printing of porous barium titanate ceramics. Barium titanate is a biocompatible material with piezoelectric properties. Due to insufficient flowability of the starting material for 3D printing, the barium titanate raw material has been modified in three different ways. Firstly, barium titanate powder has been calcined. Secondly, flow additives have been added to the powder. And thirdly, flow additives have been added to the calcined powder. Finally, a polymer has been added to the three materials and specimens have been printed from these three material mixtures. The 3D printed parts were then sintered at 1320°C. The sintering leads to shrinkage which differs between 29.51–71.53% for the tested material mixtures. The porosity of the parts is beneficial for cell growth which is relevant for future medical applications. The results reported in this study demonstrate the possibility to fabricate porous piezoelectric barium titanate parts with a 3D printer that can be used for medical applications. 3D printed porous barium titanate ceramics can especially be used as scaffold for bone tissue engineering, where the bone formation can be promoted by electrical stimulation.

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Cellulose Derivative/Barium Titanate Composites with High Refractive Index, Conductivity and Energy Density

10.21203/rs.3.rs-467926/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andreea Irina Barzic ◽

Marius Soroceanu ◽

Razvan Rotaru ◽

Florica Doroftei ◽

Mihai Asandulesa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

Composite Films ◽

Electric Energy ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Ceramic Particle ◽

Dielectric Studies ◽

Electric Energy Storage ◽

Energy Storage Applications ◽

Particle Addition

Abstract High refractive index and transparent materials are useful in various technical domains, ranging from energy sector to microelectronics. This work deals with polymer composites prepared by embedding small amounts of barium titanate in hydroxypropyl cellulose matrix. Optical transparency of the composite films varies in agreement with polymer doping level. Light dispersion in the prepared composites allowed evaluation of specific parameters, which are related to the sample structural order and possible optical transitions. Conductivity of the composites is increased due to ceramic particle addition in the polymer. Dielectric studies reveal that the prepared materials are suitable for electric energy storage applications.

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Optical Dispersion Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol Reinforced with a Nanoceramic Filler

Materiale Plastice ◽

10.37358/mp.20.1.5305 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Andreea Irina Barzic ◽

Marius Soroceanu ◽

Razvan Rotaru ◽

Valeria Harabagiu ◽

Romeo Cristian Ciobanu

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Band Gap ◽

Optical Fibers ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Dispersion Parameters ◽

Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility ◽

Optical Dispersion ◽

Wide Range

Polymer films with high refractive index are suitable for a wide range of applications, such as optical fibers, lens and other components for optoelectronic devices. In this work, polyvinyl alcohol films were prepared from aqueous solutions, which were homogenized by ultrasonication. In order to increase the refractive index, the polymer was reinforced with barium titanate nanoparticles, which are previously ultrasonicated for an adequate dispersion inside the host polymer. The dispersion of the refractive index in visible domain was analyzed as a function of filler percent introduced in polymer, showing that an increase in sample s polarizability determined an increase in the refractive index values. The reinforcement caused a decrease of Abbe number indicating a higher light dispersion in the samples. Optical dispersion parameters were extracted from dispersion curves, revealing a reduction of band gap from 3.448 eV for pure polymer to 2.605 eV for the sample containing 2% barium titanate. Doping with the ceramic nanofiller determined a increase in optical conductivity and real part of dielectric constant as a result of appearance of new level states in the band gap. The increase of third order nonlinear optical susceptibility and nonlinear refractive index indicates the suitability of the analyzed nanocomposites for nonlinear optics applications.

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A New Mounting Medium of High Refractive Index

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican02131886-8429csupp ◽

1886 ◽

Vol 21 (528supp) ◽

pp. 8429-8430

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

High Refractive Index

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DC AND AC ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PTC BARIUM TITANATE CERAMICS

Le Journal de Physique Colloques ◽

10.1051/jphyscol:19901152 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 51 (C1) ◽

pp. C1-979-C1-984

Author(s):

S. HISHITA ◽

J. F. BAUMARD ◽

P. ABELARD

Keyword(s):

Electrical Properties ◽

Barium Titanate ◽

Ac Electrical Properties ◽

Titanate Ceramics

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Accelerated Discovery of High-Refractive-Index Polyimides via First-Principles Molecular Modeling, Virtual High-Throughput Screening, and Data Mining

10.26434/chemrxiv.7670903.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Atif Faiz Afzal ◽

Mojtaba Haghighatlari ◽

Sai Prasad Ganesh ◽

Chong Cheng ◽

Johannes Hachmann

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Refractive Index ◽

High Throughput ◽

First Principles ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Large Scale ◽

Computational Study ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Structural Features ◽

Learning Program

<div>We present a high-throughput computational study to identify novel polyimides (PIs) with exceptional refractive index (RI) values for use as optic or optoelectronic materials. Our study utilizes an RI prediction protocol based on a combination of first-principles and data modeling developed in previous work, which we employ on a large-scale PI candidate library generated with the ChemLG code. We deploy the virtual screening software ChemHTPS to automate the assessment of this extensive pool of PI structures in order to determine the performance potential of each candidate. This rapid and efficient approach yields a number of highly promising leads compounds. Using the data mining and machine learning program package ChemML, we analyze the top candidates with respect to prevalent structural features and feature combinations that distinguish them from less promising ones. In particular, we explore the utility of various strategies that introduce highly polarizable moieties into the PI backbone to increase its RI yield. The derived insights provide a foundation for rational and targeted design that goes beyond traditional trial-and-error searches.</div>

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