Detection of chromosomal and plasmid-mediated mechanisms of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Indian food samples

ABSTRACT The dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) has led to the increased use of colistin, which has resulted in the emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. One of the most threatening scenarios is the dissemination of colistin resistance in CPE, particularly the plasmid-encoded resistance element MCR. Thus, it has now become mandatory to possess reliable media to screen for colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacterial isolates, especially Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, we evaluated the performances of the Superpolymyxin medium (ELITechGroup) and the ChromID Colistin R medium (bioMérieux) to screen for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from spiked rectal swabs. Stool samples were spiked with a total of 94 enterobacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Enterobacter cloacae), including 53 colistin-resistant isolates. ESwabs (Copan Diagnostics) were then inoculated with those spiked fecal suspensions, and culture proceeded as recommended by both manufacturers. The sensitivity of detection of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was 86.8% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 74.0% to 94.0%) using both the Superpolymyxin medium and the ChromID Colistin R plates. Surprisingly, the isolates that were not detected were not the same for both media. The specificities were high for both media, at 97.9% (95% CI = 87.3% to 99.9%) for the Superpolymyxin medium and 100% (95% CI = 90.4% to 100%) for the ChromID Colistin R medium. Both commercially available media, ChromID Colistin R and Superpolymyxin, provide useful tools to screen for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from patient samples (rectal swabs) regardless of the level and mechanism of colistin resistance.

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Phenotypic Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01555-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Edgar Gonzales Escalante ◽

Katherine Yauri Condor ◽

Jose A. Di Conza ◽

Gabriel O. Gutkind

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Screening Test ◽

Colistin Resistance ◽

Content Type ◽

E Coli

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate an easy-to-perform assay based upon inhibition of mobile colistin resistance (MCR) activity by EDTA. We included 92 nonrelated isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (74 Escherichia coli, 17 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 1 Serratia marcescens). Our proposed method is based on a modification of the colistin agar-spot screening test (CAST), a plate containing 3 μg/ml colistin, by adding an extra plate of colistin agar-spot supplemented with EDTA (eCAST). Bacterial growth was evaluated after 24 h of incubation at 35°C. All the colistin-resistant isolates showed development on the CAST plates. Colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae without mcr-1 and S. marcescens also grew on the eCAST plates. In contrast, colistin-resistant MCR-producing E. coli was not able to grow in eCAST plates. The combined CAST/eCAST test could provide a simple and easy-to-perform method to differentiate MCR-producing Enterobacteriaceae from those in which colistin resistance is mediated by chromosomal mechanisms.

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Acquisition ofmcr-1Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae during Hajj 2013 and 2014

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01486-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (11) ◽

pp. 6998-6999 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Thongpan Leangapichart ◽

Philippe Gautret ◽

Philippe Brouqui ◽

Ziad Mimish ◽

Didier Raoult ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Colistin Resistance

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Comparative Evaluation of Rapid Polymyxin Nordmann-Poirel Test and VITEK-2 for Colistin Resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2020/44209.13782 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ashna Bhasin ◽

Poonam Loomba ◽

Archana Thakur ◽

Bibhabati Mishra ◽

Abha Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Colistin Resistance ◽

Vitek 2

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Quercetin Rejuvenates Sensitization of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae Clinical Isolates to Colistin

Frontiers in Chemistry ◽

10.3389/fchem.2021.795150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yishuai Lin ◽

Ying Zhang ◽

Shixing Liu ◽

Dandan Ye ◽

Liqiong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Alternative Pathway ◽

Membrane Damage ◽

New Drugs ◽

Colistin Resistance ◽

Cell Membrane Damage ◽

E Coli

Colistin is being considered as “the last ditch” treatment in many infections caused by Gram-negative stains. However, colistin is becoming increasingly invalid in treating patients who are infected with colistin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). To cope with the continuous emergence of colistin resistance, the development of new drugs and therapies is highly imminent. Herein, in this work, we surprisingly found that the combination of quercetin with colistin could efficiently and synergistically eradicate the colistin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, as confirmed by the synergy checkboard and time-kill assay. Mechanismly, the treatment of quercetin combined with colistin could significantly downregulate the expression of mcr-1 and mgrB that are responsible for colistin-resistance, synergistically enhancing the bacterial cell membrane damage efficacy of colistin. The colistin/quercetin combination was notably efficient in eradicating the colistin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our results may provide an efficient alternative pathway against colistin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae infections.

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Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from market retail fruits in Guangzhou, China

Infection and Drug Resistance ◽

10.2147/idr.s194635 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 12 ◽

pp. 385-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Fan Yang ◽

Cong Shen ◽

Xiaobin Zheng ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Resistance Gene ◽

Colistin Resistance

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CHROMOSOMAL LOCATIONS OF mcr-1 IN Klebsiella pneumoniae AND Enterobacter cloacae FROM DOGS

Taiwan Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1142/s168264851972003x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (03) ◽

pp. 79-84

Author(s):

MING-HUANG CHANG ◽

GUAN-JUN CHEN ◽

DAN-YUAN LO

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Early Detection ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Insertion Sequences ◽

Colistin Resistance ◽

Molecular Surveillance ◽

Klebsiella Spp

In November 2015, the emergence of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism was described. So far, there are only two relevant published reports focused solely on Escherichia coli and Salmonella in Taiwan. This paper describes the emergence of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates harboring mcr-1 on chromosomes in Taiwan. All four mcr-1-positive isolates were from 63 Klebsiella spp., and the isolated Enterobacter spp. were from diseased dogs and cats at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, National Chiayi University. These four isolates were resistant to colistin, amoxicillin, doxycycline and oxytetracycline, and all mcr-1 genes were located on the chromosome, without any flanking ISApl1 or other insertion sequences. The findings suggest that, in addition to food animals and humans, companion animals can serve as reservoirs of mcr-1, adding another layer of complexity to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in the community. Hence we consider it essential to continue to survey resistance to colistin in these bacteria. Continuous microbiological and molecular surveillance is necessary to assist in early detection and minimize the dissemination of mcr-1.

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