Short-term cold stress can reduce the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the cecum and feces in a pig model

2021 ◽  
pp. 125868
Author(s):  
Yiwen Yang ◽  
Ningxue Chen ◽  
Lan Sun ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yinbao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Dynamic changes in Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Gut Microbiota after H. Pylori Eradication Therapies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINGLING WANG ◽  
Haobin Yao ◽  
Tereasa Tong ◽  
KS Lau ◽  
Suet Yi Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background: Short-term antibiotics exposure is associated with alterations in microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the human gut. While antibiotics are critical in the successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori, the short-term and long-term impacts on the composition and quantity of antibiotics resistance genes after H. pylori eradication is unclear. This study used whole genome shotgun metagenomic of stool samples to characterize the gut microbiota and ARGs, before and after H. pylori eradication therapy. Results: Forty-four H. pylori-infected patients were recruited including 21 treatment naïve patients who received clarithromycin-based triple therapy (CLA group) and 23 patients who failed previous therapies, in which 10 received levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy [LEVO group] and 13 received other combinations [OTHER group] in the current study. Stool samples were collected at baseline (before current treatment), 6-week and 6-month after eradication therapy. At baseline, there was only a slight difference among the three groups on ARGs and gut microbiota. After eradication therapy, there was a transient but significant increase in gut ARGs 6-week post-therapy, among which the LEVO group had the most significant ARGs alteration compared to other two groups. For treatment naïve patients, those with higher ARG richness and ErmF abundance were prone to fail CLA eradication. For gut microbiota, the bacteria richness decreased at 6-week and there was a significant difference in microbiota community among the three groups at 6-week. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the dynamic alterations in gut microbiota and ARGs induced by different eradication therapies, which could influence the choices of antibiotics in eradication therapy.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance genes in an urban stream before and after a state fair

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassidy O'Malley ◽  
Patrick McNamara ◽  
Walter McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The global spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) concomitant with a decrease in antibiotic effectiveness is a major public health issue. While research has demonstrated the impact of various urban sources, such as WWTP effluent, stormwater runoff, and industrial discharge on ARG abundance in receiving waters, the impact of short-term gatherings such as state fairs is not comprehensively understood. The objective of this research was to explore the impact of a 2-week Wisconsin State Fair gathering – over 1.1 million visitors and 7,100 farm animals – on the abundance of the ARG blaTEM, the integrase of the class 1 integron (intI1, a marker for horizontal gene transfer), and the 16S rRNA gene, a marker for total biomass, in an urban stream receiving runoff from the state fair. Stream samples downstream of the state fair were taken before and after the event and quantified via a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. The absolute abundance of all genes was significantly higher (p<0.05) following the event. This research showcases the prevalence and persistence of ARG contamination in an urban stream before and after a state fair gathering, suggesting that short-term events can be a significant source of ARGs into the environment.

Quintuplex PCR to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navindra Kumari Palanisamy ◽  
Parasakthi Navaratnam ◽  
Shamala Devi Sekaran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Efflux Mechanism ◽  
Mic Value

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen, causing respiratory infection. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is associated with alterations in the penicillin binding proteins, while resistance to macrolides is conferred either by the modification of the ribosomal target site or efflux mechanism. This study aimed to characterize S. pneumoniae and its antibiotic resistance genes using 2 sets of multiplex PCRs. Methods: A quintuplex and triplex PCR was used to characterize the pbp1A, ermB, gyrA, ply, and the mefE genes. Fifty-eight penicillin sensitive strains (PSSP), 36 penicillin intermediate strains (PISP) and 26 penicillin resistance strains (PRSP) were used. Results: Alteration in pbp1A was only observed in PISP and PRSP strains, while PCR amplification of the ermB or mefE was observed only in strains with reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. The assay was found to be sensitive as simulated blood cultures showed the lowest level of detection to be 10cfu. Conclusions: As predicted, the assay was able to differentiate penicillin susceptible from the non-susceptible strains based on the detection of the pbp1A gene, which correlated with the MIC value of the strains.

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