RIP1-mediated necroptosis facilitates oxidative stress-induced melanocyte death offering insight into vitiligo

Although the original data on systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients have recently started to emerge, we are still far from a complete profile of changes in patients’ redox homeostasis. We aimed to assess the extent of oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA during the course of acute disease, as well as their association with CT pulmonary patterns. In order to obtain more insight into the origin of the systemic oxidative stress, the observed parameters were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of multiorgan impairment. In this prospective study, we included 58 patients admitted between July and October 2020 with COVID-19 pneumonia. Significant changes in malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and advanced oxidation protein products levels exist during the course of COVID-19. Special emphasis should be placed on the fact that the pattern of changes differs between non-hospitalized and hospitalized individuals. Our results point to the time-dependent relation of oxidative stress parameters with inflammatory and multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary patterns in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Correlation between redox biomarkers and immunological or multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary CT pattern, confirms the suggested involvement of neutrophils networks, IL-6 production, along with different organ/tissue involvement in systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19.

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Allysine and α-Aminoadipic Acid as Markers of the Glyco-Oxidative Damage to Human Serum Albumin under Pathological Glucose Concentrations

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 474 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carolina Luna ◽

Alexis Arjona ◽

Carmen Dueñas ◽

Mario Estevez

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Plasma Concentration ◽

Human Serum Albumin ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Human Serum ◽

Typical Feature ◽

Advanced Glycation ◽

Chemical Mechanisms ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Insight Into

Understanding the molecular basis of the disease is of the utmost scientific interest as it contributes to the development of targeted strategies of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Protein carbonylation is a typical feature of glyco-oxidative stress and takes place in health disorders such as diabetes. Allysine as well as its oxidation product, the α-amino adipic acid (α-AA) have been found to be markers of diabetes risk whereas little is known about the chemistry involved in its formation under hyperglycemic conditions. To provide insight into this issue, human serum albumin was incubated in the presence of FeCl3 (25 μM) and increasing glucose concentrations for 32 h at 37 °C. These concentrations were selected to simulate (i) physiological fasting plasma concentration (4 mM), (ii) pathological pre-diabetes fasting plasma concentration (8 mM), and pathological diabetes fasting plasma concentration (12 mM) of glucose. While both allysine and α-AA were found to increase with increasing glucose concentrations, the carboxylic acid was only detected at pathological glucose concentrations and appeared to be a more reliable indicator of glyco-oxidative stress. The underlying chemical mechanisms of lysine glycation as well as of the depletion of tryptophan and formation of fluorescent and colored advanced glycation products are discussed.

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Mechanistic Insight into Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Jasminum Species: A Herbal Approach for Disease Management

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1089

Author(s):

Acharya Balkrishna ◽

Akansha Rohela ◽

Abhishek Kumar ◽

Ashwani Kumar ◽

Vedpriya Arya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Free Radical ◽

Microbial Pathogens ◽

Free Radical Scavengers ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Global Issues ◽

Iridoid Glucosides ◽

Insight Into

Drug resistance among microbial pathogens and oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species are two of the most challenging global issues. Firstly, drug-resistant pathogens cause several fatalities every year. Secondly aging and a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, are associated with free radical generated oxidative stress. The treatments currently available are limited, ineffective, or less efficient, so there is an immediate need to tackle these issues by looking for new therapies to resolve resistance and neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals. In the 21st century, the best way to save humans from them could be by using plants as well as their bioactive constituents. In this specific context, Jasminum is a major plant genus that is used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine to treat a variety of ailments. The information in this review was gathered from a variety of sources, including books, websites, and databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In this review, a total of 14 species of Jasminum have been found to be efficient and effective against a wide variety of microbial pathogens. In addition, 14 species were found to be active free radical scavengers. The review is also focused on the disorders related to oxidative stress, and it was concluded that Jasminum grandiflorum and J. sambac normalized various parameters that were elevated by free radical generation. Alkaloids, flavonoids (rutoside), terpenes, phenols, and iridoid glucosides are among the main phytoconstituents found in various Jasminum species. Furthermore, this review also provides insight into the mechanistic basis of drug resistance, the generation of free radicals, and the role of Jasminum plants in combating resistance and neutralizing free radicals.

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Lead-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant response provide insight into the tolerance of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to lead exposure

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.104 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Chao Huang ◽

Cui Lai ◽

Piao Xu ◽

Guangming Zeng ◽

Danlian Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽

Lead Exposure ◽

Antioxidant Response ◽

Insight Into

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Transgenic plants: An insight into oxidative stress tolerance mechanisms

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s11738-002-0027-3 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 97-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Elżbieta Kuźniak

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Oxidative Stress Tolerance ◽

Insight Into

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Oxidative stress: a common denominator in every pathogenesis

South African General Practitioner ◽

10.36303/sagp.2020.1.5.0043 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 202-203

Author(s):

PA De Valdoleiros

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Common Denominator ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Insight Into

As medical doctors, we are expected to be the champions of health and the slayers of disease. Essential to the success of this battle is an understanding of, and insight into, the chemistry that allows you the opportunity of reading this article. It is not sufficient to name the parts. It is imperative that we understand how the parts work, the processes that lead to malfunctions, and how these malfunctions appear as signs and symptoms to which we eventually give a label. We have concentrated on the results of biological processes gone awry. It is time to deal with the causes.

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Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Haemostatic Studies of Preparations from Selected Vegetables from Cucurbitaceae Family

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25184326 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (18) ◽

pp. 4326

Author(s):

Agata Rolnik ◽

Iwona Kowalska ◽

Agata Soluch ◽

Anna Stochmal ◽

Beata Olas

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Thrombin Time ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Significant Interest ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Potential Use ◽

Insight Into ◽

Cucurbitaceae Family

The aim of this study was to provide detailed insight into the chemical composition and activity of five cucurbit vegetable preparations (pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, white and yellow pattypan squash), each containing various phytochemical compounds with potential use against oxidative stress induced by the hydroxyl radical donors in human plasma in vitro. We studied the antiradical capacity of vegetable preparations using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. As oxidative stress may induce changes in hemostasis, our aim included the determination of their effect on three selected hemostatic parameters of plasma, which are three coagulation times: PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) and TT (thrombin time). However, none of used vegetable preparations changed APTT, PT or TT compared to the control. The phytochemical composition of the tested preparations was determined by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. In our in vitro experiments, while all five tested preparations had antioxidant potential, the preparation from yellow pattypan squash showed the strongest potential. All cucurbit vegetable preparations inhibited lipid peroxidation. Only zucchini did not have an effect on protein carbonylation and only yellow pattypan squash inhibited thiol oxidation. The antioxidant activity of cucurbits appears to have triggered significant interest in multiple applications, including CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) associated with oxidative stress, which can be treated by supplementation based on these vegetables.

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