scholarly journals Oxidative stress: a common denominator in every pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
PA De Valdoleiros
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Insight Into

As medical doctors, we are expected to be the champions of health and the slayers of disease. Essential to the success of this battle is an understanding of, and insight into, the chemistry that allows you the opportunity of reading this article. It is not sufficient to name the parts. It is imperative that we understand how the parts work, the processes that lead to malfunctions, and how these malfunctions appear as signs and symptoms to which we eventually give a label. We have concentrated on the results of biological processes gone awry. It is time to deal with the causes.

An Insight into Oligopeptide Transporter 3 (OPT3) family proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fırat Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Oligopeptide Transporter ◽  
Binding Residues ◽  
Fe Homeostasis ◽  
Proteins Interactions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

: Oligopeptide transporter 3 (OPT3) proteins are one of the subsets of OPT clade, yet little is known about these transporters. Therefore, homolog OPT3 proteins in several plant species were investigated and characterized using bioinformatical tools. Motif and co-expression analyses showed that OPT3 proteins may be involved in both biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as growth and developmental processes. AtOPT3 usually seemed to take part in Fe homeostasis whereas ZmOPT3 putatively interacted with proteins involved in various biological processes from plant defense system to stress responses. Glutathione (GSH), as a putative alternative chelating agent, was used in the AtOPT3 and ZmOPT3 docking analyses to identify their putative binding residues. The information given in this study will contribute to the understanding of OPT3 proteins’ interactions in various pathways and to the selection of potential ligands for OPT3s.

scholarly journals Time Course of Redox Biomarkers in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Relation with Inflammatory, Multiorgan Impairment Biomarkers and CT Findings

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Tijana Kosanovic ◽  
Dragan Sagic ◽  
Vladimir Djukic ◽  
Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac ◽  
Ana Savic-Radojevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dependent Relation ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Insight Into

Although the original data on systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients have recently started to emerge, we are still far from a complete profile of changes in patients’ redox homeostasis. We aimed to assess the extent of oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA during the course of acute disease, as well as their association with CT pulmonary patterns. In order to obtain more insight into the origin of the systemic oxidative stress, the observed parameters were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of multiorgan impairment. In this prospective study, we included 58 patients admitted between July and October 2020 with COVID-19 pneumonia. Significant changes in malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and advanced oxidation protein products levels exist during the course of COVID-19. Special emphasis should be placed on the fact that the pattern of changes differs between non-hospitalized and hospitalized individuals. Our results point to the time-dependent relation of oxidative stress parameters with inflammatory and multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary patterns in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Correlation between redox biomarkers and immunological or multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary CT pattern, confirms the suggested involvement of neutrophils networks, IL-6 production, along with different organ/tissue involvement in systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Allysine and α-Aminoadipic Acid as Markers of the Glyco-Oxidative Damage to Human Serum Albumin under Pathological Glucose Concentrations

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Luna ◽  
Alexis Arjona ◽  
Carmen Dueñas ◽  
Mario Estevez
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding the molecular basis of the disease is of the utmost scientific interest as it contributes to the development of targeted strategies of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Protein carbonylation is a typical feature of glyco-oxidative stress and takes place in health disorders such as diabetes. Allysine as well as its oxidation product, the α-amino adipic acid (α-AA) have been found to be markers of diabetes risk whereas little is known about the chemistry involved in its formation under hyperglycemic conditions. To provide insight into this issue, human serum albumin was incubated in the presence of FeCl3 (25 μM) and increasing glucose concentrations for 32 h at 37 °C. These concentrations were selected to simulate (i) physiological fasting plasma concentration (4 mM), (ii) pathological pre-diabetes fasting plasma concentration (8 mM), and pathological diabetes fasting plasma concentration (12 mM) of glucose. While both allysine and α-AA were found to increase with increasing glucose concentrations, the carboxylic acid was only detected at pathological glucose concentrations and appeared to be a more reliable indicator of glyco-oxidative stress. The underlying chemical mechanisms of lysine glycation as well as of the depletion of tryptophan and formation of fluorescent and colored advanced glycation products are discussed.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Insight into Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Jasminum Species: A Herbal Approach for Disease Management

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Acharya Balkrishna ◽  
Akansha Rohela ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Vedpriya Arya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Iridoid Glucosides ◽  
Insight Into

Drug resistance among microbial pathogens and oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species are two of the most challenging global issues. Firstly, drug-resistant pathogens cause several fatalities every year. Secondly aging and a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, are associated with free radical generated oxidative stress. The treatments currently available are limited, ineffective, or less efficient, so there is an immediate need to tackle these issues by looking for new therapies to resolve resistance and neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals. In the 21st century, the best way to save humans from them could be by using plants as well as their bioactive constituents. In this specific context, Jasminum is a major plant genus that is used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine to treat a variety of ailments. The information in this review was gathered from a variety of sources, including books, websites, and databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In this review, a total of 14 species of Jasminum have been found to be efficient and effective against a wide variety of microbial pathogens. In addition, 14 species were found to be active free radical scavengers. The review is also focused on the disorders related to oxidative stress, and it was concluded that Jasminum grandiflorum and J. sambac normalized various parameters that were elevated by free radical generation. Alkaloids, flavonoids (rutoside), terpenes, phenols, and iridoid glucosides are among the main phytoconstituents found in various Jasminum species. Furthermore, this review also provides insight into the mechanistic basis of drug resistance, the generation of free radicals, and the role of Jasminum plants in combating resistance and neutralizing free radicals.

RIP1-mediated necroptosis facilitates oxidative stress-induced melanocyte death offering insight into vitiligo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowei Li ◽  
Xiuli Yi ◽  
Tongtian Zhuang ◽  
Shaolong Zhang ◽  
Shuli Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insight Into

Pathologic Physiology: Mechanisms of Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-162
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Rational Explanation ◽  
Pathologic Physiology ◽  
Insight Into

While this timely volume, written by 25 well qualified contributors, is addressed primarily to those concerned with the problems of internal medicine, its contents are naturally of great interest and practical value to all physicians who are interested in a rational explanation for the manifestations of disease. Emphasis on the mechanisms involved in producing the signs and symptoms of disease provides a clearer insight into its true nature and leads thereby to more effective methods of therapy.

scholarly journals Hyponatremia and Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Benedetta Fibbi ◽  
Giada Marroncini ◽  
Cecilia Anceschi ◽  
Laura Naldi ◽  
Alessandro Peri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Oncologic Patients ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Acute Hyponatremia ◽  
Neuronal Swelling

Hyponatremia, i.e. the presence of a serum sodium concentration ([Na+]) < 136 mEq/L, is the most frequent electrolyte imbalance in the elderly and in hospitalized patients. Symptoms of acute hyponatremia, whose main target is the central nervous system, are explained by the “osmotic theory” and the neuronal swelling secondary to decreased extracellular osmolality, which determines cerebral oedema. Following the description of neurological and systemic manifestations even in mild and chronic hyponatremia, in the last decade reduced extracellular [Na+] was associated with detrimental effects on cellular homeostasis independently of hypoosmolality. Most of these alterations appeared to be elicited by oxidative stress. In this review, we focus on the role of oxidative stress on both osmolality-dependent and -independent impairment of cell and tissue functions observed in hyponatremic conditions. Furthermore, basic and clinical research suggested that oxidative stress appears to be a common denominator of the degenerative processes related to aging, cancer progression, and hyponatremia. Of note, low [Na+] is able to exacerbate multiple manifestations of senescence and to decrease progression-free and overall survival in oncologic patients.

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