The Alpha variant was not associated with excess nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multi-centre UK hospital study

AbstractThe effectiveness of the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 vaccines against new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections requires continuous re-evaluation, given the increasingly dominant B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of these vaccines in a large, community-based survey of randomly selected households across the United Kingdom. We found that the effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 against infections (new polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases) with symptoms or high viral burden is reduced with the B.1.617.2 variant (absolute difference of 10–13% for BNT162b2 and 16% for ChAdOx1) compared to the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant. The effectiveness of two doses remains at least as great as protection afforded by prior natural infection. The dynamics of immunity after second doses differed significantly between BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1, with greater initial effectiveness against new PCR-positive cases but faster declines in protection against high viral burden and symptomatic infection with BNT162b2. There was no evidence that effectiveness varied by dosing interval, but protection was higher in vaccinated individuals after a prior infection and in younger adults. With B.1.617.2, infections occurring after two vaccinations had similar peak viral burden as those in unvaccinated individuals. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination still reduces new infections, but effectiveness and attenuation of peak viral burden are reduced with B.1.617.2.

Download Full-text

Rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in some French regions, June 2021

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.28.2100573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (28) ◽

Author(s):

Samuel Alizon ◽

Stéphanie Haim-Boukobza ◽

Vincent Foulongne ◽

Laura Verdurme ◽

Sabine Trombert-Paolantoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Rapid Spread ◽

Public Health Authorities ◽

Alpha Variant

We analysed 9,030 variant-specific RT-PCR tests performed on SARS-CoV-2-positive samples collected in France between 31 May and 21 June 2021. This analysis revealed rapid growth of the Delta variant in three of the 13 metropolitan French regions and estimated a +79% (95% confidence interval: 52–110%) transmission advantage compared with the Alpha variant. The next weeks will prove decisive and the magnitude of the estimated transmission advantages of the Delta variant could represent a major challenge for public health authorities.

Download Full-text

Analisis Implementasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Bagi Karyawan di Rumah Sakit X Kabupaten Karanganyar

Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia ◽

10.14710/jmki.9.2.2021.130-137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 130-137

Author(s):

Siti Hamurwani ◽

Hanifa Maher Denny

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Occupational Safety ◽

Task Force ◽

District General Hospital ◽

Safety And Health ◽

Care Workers ◽

Response Team ◽

Guidelines And Standards ◽

Hospital Study ◽

Depth Interviews

The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic; therefore, the implementation of occupational safety and health (OSH) program in the hospital is very important to protect health care workers from the risk of being exposed to the COVID-19 disease. This study aimed to elucidate the implementation of the OSH program in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 to employees at Karanganyar District General Hospital. This research used qualitative methods. The researchers observed the study site, conducted in-depth interviews, and reviewed the documents. Seven informants were selected as informants, and then the information was triangulated to two subjects. The results showed that OSH's implementation in the study site complied with the Ministry of Health Guidelines for Hospital Services During New Adaptation, 2 November 2020. In terms of cultivating safety and health behavior at work, the hospital provided information and educational sessions. The morning briefing, a periodical reminder to implement safety and health, standing banners and posters, provision of guidelines and standards operating procedures were the pieces of evidence to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in the hospital study site. The hospital emergency response team was part of the hospital's COVID-19 task force team. The facilities and enforcement of health protocols to prevent COVID-19 transmission in the study site were well established

Download Full-text

COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.04.2578 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 18 (04) ◽

pp. 566-570

Author(s):

AYAZ GUL ◽

SYED IFTIKHAR ALAM ◽

RASHID ASLAM ◽

Waqar Alam

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Young Patients ◽

Age Group ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Histologic Types ◽

Hospital Study

Objective: Colorectal cancer is the second commonest cause of death in the world. Its incidence in young patients is on rise. Objective: To determine the common types of colorectal carcinoma in patients below 40 years of age presenting to tertiary care level hospital. Study Design: Descriptive study Setting: It was carried out at Surgical Department, KTH, Peshawar Period: January 2007 to January 2008. Materials and methods: Total of 50 patients younger than forty years of age with colorectal cancer were included in study for the determination of histologic types. Results: There were 66% males and 34% were females. The commonest affected age group was 31-35 years old having 46% cases. On history 86% patients complained of altered bowel habits and on clinical examination anemia was present in 72% patients. Left and right sided tumors were found in 70% and 30% patients respectively. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest type found in 94% cases followed by lymphoma (4%). Conclusions: The incidence in young age group (≤ 39 years) was highest There was slight male preponderance. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest tumor.

Download Full-text