Evaluation of hazard range for the natural gas jet released from a high-pressure pipeline: A computational parametric study

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Dong ◽  
Lin Xue ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Juntao Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline

scholarly journals Fracture Behaviour and Defect Evaluation of Large Diameter, HSLA Steels, Very High Pressure Linepipes

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Demofonti ◽  
G. Mannucci ◽  
L. Barsanti ◽  
C. M. Spinelli ◽  
H. G. Hillenbrand
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fracture Behaviour ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
On Line ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Very High

Actually, the increase in natural gas needs in the European market, foreseen for the beginning of the next century, compels to develop new solutions for the exploitation of gas fields in remote areas. For natural gas transportation over long distances the hypothesis of a large diameter high-pressure pipeline, up to 150 bar (doubling of the actual one) has been found economically attractive, resulting in significant reduction of the transportation cost of the hydrocarbon. In this contest the interest amongst gas companies in the possible applications of high-grade steels (up to API X100) is growing. A research program, partially financed by E.C.S.C. (European Community for Coal and Steel), by a joint co-operation among Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM), S.N.A.M. and Europipe in order to investigate the fracture behaviour of large diameter, API X100 grade pipes at very high pressure (up to 150 bar) has been carried out. This paper presents: the current status of technology of API X100 steel with respect to the combination of chemical composition, rolling variables and mechanical properties the results obtained from West Jefferson tests, in order to confirm the ductile-brittle transition behaviour stated from laboratory tests (DWTT), the results obtained concerning the control of long shear propagating fracture and in particular the results of a full scale crack propagation test on line operating at very high hoop stress (470 MPa). Besides, in order to investigate the defect tolerance behaviour of the pipe with respect to axial surface defect, burst tests with water as pressurising medium have been carried out and the relative results are presented and discussed.

Welding Stress Numerical Simulation and Analysis of High-Pressure Pipeline

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 890-894
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jin Zhou Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Heat Source Model ◽  
Welding Stress ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Welding Arc ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Welding ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline

Welded stress has an important impact on quality and life of of high-pressure pipeline. Based on pipeline material performance, considered welding arc force and its mining action, selected double ellipsoidal heat source model, simulated welding process of of high-pressure pipeline, analysised welding temperature field and stress field, determined the distribution disciplines of welding stress, provides useful help on exploring the disciplines of pipeline welding.

A Numerical Investigation on Mixing Characteristics of Natural Gas Jets With High-Pressure Injection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Liu ◽  
Tianyang Dai ◽  
Qian Xiong ◽  
Yuehua Qian ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Swirl Ratio ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Pressure Injection ◽  
Mixing Characteristics ◽  
High Pressure Injection

Abstract With increasingly stringent emissions limitation of greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollutants for ship, the direct injection of natural gas on the cylinder head with high-pressure injection is an effective method to make a high power output and decrease harmful gas emissions in marine natural gas dual fuel engines. However, the effects on mixing characteristics of high-pressure natural gas underexpanded jet have not been fully understood. Especially, the injection pressure is up to 30 MPa with large injection quantity and critical surrounding gas conditions for the low-speed two-stroke marine engine. Therefore, this research is focused on the flow and mixing process of the natural gas jet with high-pressure injection under the in-cylinder conditions of low-speed two-stroke marine engine. The gas jet penetration, the distribution of velocity and density, the equivalence ratio and air entrainment have been analyzed under different nozzle hole diameters by numerical simulation. The effects of surrounding gas conditions including pressure, temperature and swirl ratio on air entrainment and equivalence ratio distribution were studied in detail. From the numerical simulation, it is found that the mixing characteristics of natural gas jet can be improved under in-cylinder conditions of higher ambient temperature and swirl ratio, which is relevant to the low-speed two-stroke marine engine.

Geotechincal Assessment for Mitigation of a High-Pressure Pipeline Across Active Landslides: Design of a Directional Bore in Southern California

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Hitchcock ◽  
Richard W. Gailing ◽  
Scott C. Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Mitigation Options ◽  
Active Portion ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Alternative Routes

Landslides are often a hazard to high-pressure gas transmission pipelines operating in hilly and mountainous terrain. Typical mitigation options include pipeline rerouting or removing the landslide from the pipeline, if possible. When rerouting or hazard removal is not a viable option due to terrain conditions or the size of the landslide loading the pipeline, directional bores can be used to place the pipeline beneath the active portion of the slope failure. As part of our study of the geotechnical viability of mitigation options for a pipeline impacted by coastal landslides, rerouting and landslide mitigation alternatives were fully investigated. Geologic interpretation of high-resolution, publicly available IfSAR and privately-flown LiDAR data were used to evaluate alternative routes around active and potentially active landslides. Geotechnical borings through the landslides ultimately provided sufficient information supporting directional drilling beneath the active landslides as the most efficient alternative, returning the pipeline to full service.

Reliability Based Design Optimisation of a “No Burst” High Pressure Pipeline

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Stewart ◽  
Caroline Roberts ◽  
Ian Matheson ◽  
Malcolm Carr
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Extreme Value Distributions ◽  
Reliability Based Design ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Wall ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Design

The design philosophy of a pressure-protected subsea pipeline is intimately linked to the reliability of the Pressure Protection System (PPS) and to the probability of burst of the pipeline if it is exposed to full wellhead shut-in pressure. A reliability based design approach is presented that allows the pipeline wall thickness (and cost) to be reduced under the philosophy that the pipeline will “not burst” in the event of PPS failure. This paper describes how uncertainties in the pipeline design parameters may be initially modelled statistically to allow structural reliability techniques to be adopted at the design stage (before the pipe is manufactured). It further addresses how correlation of these parameters can be included and their extreme value distributions developed, which is particularly relevant as the length of the tieback increases. A method to incorporate inspection inaccuracy is also presented. The initial estimates of the design parameters necessarily err on the conservative side. These can be later updated when manufacturing data is available.

Modelling of Fluid Dynamics Interacting With Ductile Fraction Propagation in High Pressure Pipeline

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Popescu ◽  
W. Shyy
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Time Discretization ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Pressure Pipeline ◽  
Crack Dynamics ◽  
High Pressure Pipeline

This paper presents a computational model for describing the behavior of the fluid dynamics in a fractured ductile pipe under high pressure. The pressure profile in front of the crack tip, which is the main source of the crack driving source, is computed by using nonlinear wave equation. The solution is coupled with one dimensional gas flow analysis behind the crack, choked flow. The simulation utilizes a high order optimized prefactored compact–finite volume method for space discretization, and low dispersion and dissipation Runge-Kutta for time discretization. As the pipe fractures the rapid depressurization take place inside the pipe and the propagation of the crack induce waves which strongly influence the nature of the outflow dynamics. Consistent with the experimental observation, the model predicts the expansion wave inside the pipe, and the reflection and outflow of the wave. The model also helps characterize the propagation of the crack dynamics and fluid flows around the tip of the crack.

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