A review on welding of high strength oil and gas pipeline steels

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 203-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sachin Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Steels

CVN and DWTT Energy Methods for Determining Fracture Arrest Toughness of High Strength Pipeline Steels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Kui Zhu ◽  
Brian N. Leis
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Drop Weight Tear Test ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Fracture Arrest ◽  
Arrest Toughness

Battelle two curve model (BTCM) was developed in the 1970s and successfully used for determining arrest toughness for ductile gas transmission pipelines in terms of Charpy vee-notched (CVN) impact energy. Practice has shown that the BTCM is accurate only for pipeline grades up to X65, but not for high strength pipeline grades X70 and above. Different methods to improve the BTCM were proposed over the years. This paper reviews the BTCM and its modified methods in terms of CVN energy or drop weight tear test (DWTT) energy for determining arrest toughness of ductile gas pipeline steels, particularly for high strength pipeline steels X80 and beyond. This includes the often-used Leis correction method, the CSM factor method, Wilkowski DWTT method and others. The CVN and DWTT energy-based methods are evaluated and discussed through the critical analysis and comparison with full-scale experimental data. The objective is to identify reasonable methods to be used for determining the minimum fracture toughness required to arrest a ductile running crack in a modern high strength, high pressure gas pipeline. The results show that available nonlinear models to correlate the standard DWTT and CVN energies are questionable, and the Leis correction method is a viable approach for determining arrest toughness for high strength pipeline steels, but further study is needed for ultra-high pipeline grades. Suggestions for further improving the BTCM are discussed.

Recent Developments of Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Steels: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Sour Gas Resistance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Pourkia ◽  
Morteza Abedini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acicular Ferrite ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Accelerated Cooling ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Bainitic Microstructure ◽  
Transmission Pipeline ◽  
Sour Gas

In modern oil and gas transmission pipeline steels technology, a suitable microstructure is an important factor for improvement of strength, toughness and sour gas resistance. Therefore, thermo-mechanically controlled rolling processes have been developed and their microstructures have been changed from ferrite-pearlite to acicular ferrite. Moreover in the recent years extensive attempts have been made to improve pipeline steels properties, which include: i) Ultra fine-grained steels, which are produced by optimized usage of dynamic recrystallization and strain-induced transformation with about 1μm equiaxed ferrite grain size. ii) Ultra low carbon steels with less than 0.025 wt% carbon and significant amount of Mo and Nb microalloying elements. iii) Ultra fine acicular ferrite steels, which are produced by application of more accurate controlled thermo mechanical processes and accelerated cooling. iv) Ultra high strength X100 and X120 grade steels, which are produced by thermo-mechanically controlled processes and heavy accelerated cooling. The former is without special technological changes and mainly consist of low carbon upper bainitic microstructure while the latter needs more technological developments with very little amount of boron and mainly consists of lower bainitic microstructure. This paper gives an overview of these new pipeline steels in viewpoint of microstructure, mechanical properties and sour gas resistance. The studies show that ultra fine acicular ferrite is the best alternative microstructure for nowadays ordinary pipeline steels, but because of numerous advantages of ultra high strength pipelines steels which finally reduce the cost of pipeline projects, the trend of the investigations is focused on further development of these steels. Moreover, acicular ferrite microstructure which is generally accepted by pipeline engineers and it is just in doubt because of its differences with acicular ferrite microstructure of weld metal and numerous offered definitions, is completely described.

Experimental Study of Charpy Impact Characteristics of High-Strength Spiral Welded Gas Pipeline

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed H. Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad R. Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Seam Weld ◽  
The Impact

Charpy upper shelf energy is widely used as a fracture controlling parameter to estimate the crack arrest/propagation performance of gas transportation pipeline steels. The measurement of this fracture criterion particularly for modern steels and its apportion into different components (i.e. fracture and non-related fracture energy) are of great importance for pipeline engineers in order to transfer laboratory data from Charpy experiment to real structure. As the conventional Charpy impact test has only one output (i.e. the overall fracture energy) the instrumented test has been used to achieve full failure information from impact test samples. In this paper the results of instrumented Charpy impact experiments on high-strength spiral welded pipeline steel of grade API X70 are presented. First, the instrumentation technique including the design and implementation of a strain gauge load-cell and the details of the data-recording scheme are reviewed. Next, the experimental data obtained from the Charpy impact machine so instrumented are given. These include test data obtained at room temperature from different sets of standard full size Charpy V-notched specimens taken from the pipe material, seam weld and heat affected zone (HAZ). The instrumented Charpy machine was able to capture the load history in full during the fracture process of the test specimens resulting in a smooth load-time response. This eliminated the need for filtering used in similar test techniques. From the recorded test data the hammer displacement, impact velocity and fracture energy were numerically calculated. The numerical results showed good agreement between the instrumentation data and those read from dial indicator. From fracture energy plots it was found that the maximum and minimum fracture energy were associated with the pipe material and seam weld (in average), respectively. In all test samples a significant amount of energy was consumed in non-related fracture processes including crack initiation, bending and gross deformation of test specimen, and indentation at the support anvils and at the impact point. This non-related fracture energy should be accounted for if the current failure models are going to be used for toughness assessment of high-strength low-alloy gas pipeline steels.

Experimental Evaluation of J Resistance Curves for Ductile Steels Using SE(T) Fracture Specimens

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Cravero ◽  
Claudio Ruggieri ◽  
Roberto Piovatto ◽  
Waldek W. Bose ◽  
Dirceu Spinelli
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Crack Size ◽  
Crack Growth Resistance ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Resistance Curves ◽  
Fracture Specimens

This work presents an investigation of the ductile tearing properties for an API 5L X60 pipeline steel using experimentally measured crack growth resistance curves (J-R curves). Use of these materials are motivated by the increasing demand in the number of applications for manufacturing high strength pipes for the Brazilian oil and gas industry including marine applications and steel catenary risers. Testing of the pipeline steels employed side-grooved SE(T) specimen with varying crack size to determine the J-R curves based upon the unloading compliance method using a single specimen technique. Recent developed compliance functions and eta-factors applicable for SE(T) fracture specimens are introduced to determine crack growth resistance data from laboratory measurements of load-displacement records. This experimental characterization provides additional toughness data which serve to evaluate crack growth resistance properties of pipeline steels using SE(T) specimens with varying geometries.

SANICRO 41

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Corrosion Resistant Alloy ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract SANDVIK SANICRO 41 is a nickel-base corrosion resistant alloy with a composition balanced to resist both oxidizing and reducing environments. A high-strength version (110) is available for oil and gas production. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-475. Producer or source: Sandvik.

scholarly journals Manufacturing and development of a bolted GFRP flange joint for oil and gas applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440542198951
Author(s):  
Muhsin Aljuboury ◽  
Md Jahir Rizvi ◽  
Stephen Grove ◽  
Richard Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Composite Pipes

The goal of this experimental study is to manufacture a bolted GFRP flange connection for composite pipes with high strength and performance. A mould was designed and manufactured, which ensures the quality of the composite materials and controls its surface grade. Based on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section X, this GFRP flange was fabricated using biaxial glass fibre braid and polyester resin in a vacuum infusion process. In addition, many experiments were carried out using another mould made of glass to solve process-related issues. Moreover, an investigation was conducted to compare the drilling of the GFRP flange using two types of tools; an Erbauer diamond tile drill bit and a Brad & Spur K10 drill. Six GFRP flanges were manufactured to reach the final product with acceptable quality and performance. The flange was adhesively bonded to a composite pipe after chamfering the end of the pipe. Another type of commercially-available composite flange was used to close the other end of the pipe. Finally, blind flanges were used to close both ends, making the pressure vessel that will be tested under the range of the bolt load and internal pressure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document