Hypothalamic insulin receptor expression and DNA promoter methylation are sex-specifically altered in adult offspring of high-fat diet (HFD)-overfed mother rats

The beneficial effect of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid (w-3 FA) consumption regarding cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and inflammation has been widely reported. Fish oil is considered as the main source of commercialized w-3 FAs, and other alternative sources have been reported such as linseed or microalgae. However, despite numerous reports, the underlying mechanisms of action of w-3 FAs on insulin resistance are still not clearly established, especially those from microalgae. Here, we report that Odontella aurita, a microalga rich in w-3 FAs eicosapentaenoic acid, prevents high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in the liver of Wistar rats. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) increased plasma insulin levels associated with the impairment of insulin receptor signaling and the up-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressions. Importantly, Odontella aurita-enriched HFD (HFOA) reduces body weight and plasma insulin levels and maintains normal insulin receptor expression and responsiveness. Furthermore, HFOA decreased TLR4 expression, JNK/p38 phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory factors. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that diet supplementation with whole Ondontella aurita overcomes HFD-induced insulin resistance through the inhibition of TLR4/JNK/p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways.

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A Natural Dietary Supplement with a Combination of Nutrients Prevents Neurodegeneration Induced by a High Fat Diet in Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091130 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1130 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Domenico Nuzzo ◽

Antonella Amato ◽

Pasquale Picone ◽

Simona Terzo ◽

Giacoma Galizzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Insulin Receptor Expression

Obesity and metabolic disorders can be risk factors for the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of a natural dietary supplement (NDS), containing Curcuma longa, silymarin, guggul, chlorogenic acid and inulin, on dysmetabolism and neurodegeneration in the brains of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Decrease in the expression of FACL-4, CerS-1, CerS-4, cholesterol concentration and increase in the insulin receptor expression and insulin signaling activation, were found in brains of NDS-treated HFD brains in comparison with HFD untreated-mice, suggesting that NDS is able to prevent brain lipid accumulation and central insulin resistance. In the brains of NDS-treated HFD mice, the levels of RNS, ROS and lipid peroxidation, the expression of p-ERK, H-Oxy, i-NOS, HSP60, NF-kB, GFAP, IL-1β, IL-6 and CD4 positive cell infiltration were lower than in untreated HFD mice, suggesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of NDS. The decreased expression of p-ERK and GFAP in NDS-treated HFD mice was confirmed by immunofluorescence. Lastly, a lower number of apoptotic nuclei was found in cortical sections of NDS-treated HFD mice. The present data indicate that NDS exerts neuroprotective effects in HFD mice by reducing brain fat accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation and improving brain insulin resistance.

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Maternal high fat diet (HFD) in the adult offspring brain modifies cell density and neuronal density

Reproduction Abstracts ◽

10.1530/repabs.3.o020 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Ojeda Pedraza ◽

Kate Jane-Coupe ◽

Megan Earl ◽

Oliver Hutton ◽

Judith Eckert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Density ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

High Fat ◽

Neuronal Density

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The chemical chaperon 4-phenyl butyric acid restored high-fat diet- induced hippocampal insulin content and insulin receptor level reduction along with spatial learning and memory deficits in male rats

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113312 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 113312

Author(s):

Fateme Binayi ◽

Homeira Zardooz ◽

Rasoul Ghasemi ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Sahar Askari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Receptor ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Spatial Learning ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Male Rats ◽

Spatial Learning And Memory ◽

High Fat ◽

Level Reduction

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Novel regulation of renal gluconeogenesis by Atp6ap2 in response to high fat diet via PGC1-α/AKT-1 pathway

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90952-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Safia Akhtar ◽

Silas A. Culver ◽

Helmy M. Siragy

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Wild Type ◽

High Fat ◽

Renal Gluconeogenesis ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Renal Expression

AbstractRecent studies suggested that renal gluconeogenesis is substantially stimulated in the kidney in presence of obesity. However, the mechanisms responsible for such stimulation are not well understood. Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that mice fed high fat diet (HFD) exhibited increase in renal Atp6ap2 [also known as (Pro)renin receptor] expression. We hypothesized that HFD upregulates renal gluconeogenesis via Atp6ap2-PGC-1α and AKT pathway. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunostaining, we evaluated renal expression of the Atp6ap2 and renal gluconeogenic enzymes, PEPCK and G6Pase, in wild type and inducible nephron specific Atp6ap2 knockout mice fed normal diet (ND, 12 kcal% fat) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 45 kcal% fat) for 8 weeks. Compared with ND, HFD mice had significantly higher body weight (23%) (P < 0.05), renal mRNA and protein expression of Atp6ap2 (39 and 35%), PEPCK (44 and 125%) and G6Pase (39 and 44%) respectively. In addition, compared to ND, HFD mice had increased renal protein expression of PGC-1α by 32% (P < 0.05) and downregulated AKT by 33% (P < 0.05) respectively in renal cortex. Atp6ap2-KO abrogated these changes in the mice fed HFD. In conclusion, we identified novel regulation of renal gluconeogenesis by Atp6ap2 in response to high fat diet via PGC1-α/AKT-1 pathway.

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