scholarly journals Second hand smoking and tobacco use among pregnant women in Yatinuwara Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Shanali Perera ◽  
Rasika Manori Jayasinghe ◽  
Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe ◽  
Anura Rajapakse ◽  
Ratnayake Mudiyanselage Himali Erandathie Ratnayake
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Second Hand Smoking

scholarly journals The need for quality improvement in diagnosing pregnancy induced hypertension in Sri Lanka

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
S Prathapan ◽  
P Fonseka ◽  
G Lindmark ◽  
R Prathapan ◽  
A Lokubalasooriya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Antenatal Clinics

Sri Lanka has shown relatively good maternal outcome indicators for a developing country. However, high maternal deaths from pregnancy induced hypertension and pre-eclamptic toxemia raise questions about the quality of detection and treatment at field antenatal clinics, which is the primary care setting for pregnant women. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of facilities and services provided at the field antenatal clinics to di-agnose pregnancy induced hypertension or pre-eclamptic toxemia. It was a cross-sectional study. This study was set in field antenatal clinics and was conducted in two stages based on the Lot Quality Assurance Sampling method. In the first stage 55 antenatal clinics were selected from 11 Medical officers of Health areas, and in the second stage 275 pregnant women were recruited from these 55 clinics. Quality of services and quality of facilities were assessed using observation checklists. The quality of facilities was better than the quality of services in the Colombo district. The quality of facilities was acceptable in all areas other than for the presence of the Medical Officer. The quality of services was unacceptable in all areas for history taking and examination. Investigation for urine albumin was also unacceptable in all the areas. The sensitivity for measuring the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure were 57% (95% CI: 47.4%–66.8%) and 16.7% (95% CI: 9.4%–24%) respectively. Urgent steps should be taken to improve the quality of care in the substandard areas to reduce the leading cause of maternal mortality in Sri Lanka. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15952 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 55-60

scholarly journals The hidden burden of adolescent pregnancies in rural Sri Lanka; findings of the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilini Chanchala Agampodi ◽  
Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe ◽  
Hemali Gayathri Jayakodi ◽  
Gayani Shashikala Amarasinghe ◽  
Janith Niwanthaka Warnasekara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
Contraceptive Usage ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancies

Abstract Background Adolescent fertility is a main indicator of the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SGD) three. Although Sri Lanka is exemplary in maternal health, the utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health services (SRH) by adolescents is less documented. We describe the hidden burden, associated biological and psychosocial factors and utilization patterns of pre-conceptional services among pregnant adolescents in rural Sri Lanka. Methods The study is based on the baseline assessment of the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort (RaPCo) in Anuradhapura. Pregnant women newly registered from July to September 2019 were recruited to the study. The period of gestation was confirmed during the second follow-up visit (around 25–28 weeks of gestation) using ultra sound scan data. A history, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, blood investigations were conducted. Mental health status was assessed using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Results Baseline data on gestation was completed by 3,367 pregnant women. Of them, 254 (7.5%) were adolescent pregnancies. Among the primigravida mothers (n = 1037), 22.4% (n = 233) were adolescent pregnancies. Maternal and paternal low education level, being unmarried, and less time since marriage were statistically significant factors associated with adolescent pregnancies (p < 0.05). Contraceptive usage before pregnancy, utilization of pre-conceptional health care services, planning pregnancy and consuming folic acid was significantly low among adolescents (p < 0.001). They also had low body mass index (p < 0.001) and low hemoglobin levels (p = 0.03). Adolescent mothers were less happy of being pregnant (p = 0.006) and had significantly higher levels of anxiety (p = 0.009). Conclusion One fifth of women in their first pregnancy in this study population are adolescents. Nulli-parous adolescents exert poor social stability and compromised physical and mental health effects. The underutilization and/or unavailability of SRH services is clearly associated with adolescent pregnancies.

scholarly journals Evidence for Better Lives Study: a comparative birth-cohort study on child exposure to violence and other adversities in eight low- and middle-income countries - foundational research (study protocol)

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e034986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Valdebenito ◽  
Aja Murray ◽  
Claire Hughes ◽  
Adriana Băban ◽  
Asvini D Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Foundational Research

IntroductionViolence against children is a health, human rights and social problem affecting approximately half of the world’s children. Its effects begin at prenatal stages with long-lasting impacts on later health and well-being. The Evidence for Better Lives Study (EBLS) aims to produce high-quality longitudinal data from cities in eight low- and middle-income countries—Ghana, Jamaica, Pakistan, the Philippines, Romania, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Vietnam—to support effective intervention to reduce violence against children. EBLS-Foundational Research (EBLS-FR) tests critical aspects of the planned EBLS, including participant recruitment and retention, data collection and analysis. Alongside epidemiological estimates of levels and predictors of exposure to violence and adversity during pregnancy, we plan to explore mechanisms that may link exposure to violence to mothers’ biological stress markers and subjective well-being.Methods and analysesEBLS-FR is a short longitudinal study with a sample of 1200 pregnant women. Data are collected during the last trimester of pregnancy and 2 to 6 months after birth. The questionnaire for participating women has been translated into nine languages. Measures obtained from mothers will include, among others, mental and physical health, attitudes to corporal punishment, adverse childhood experiences, prenatal intimate partner violence, substance use and social/community support. Hair and dry blood spot samples are collected from the pregnant women to measure stress markers. To explore research participation among fathers, EBLS-FR is recruiting 300 fathers in the Philippines and Sri Lanka.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approvals at all recruiting sites and universities in the project. Results will be disseminated through journal publications, conferences and seminar presentations involving local communities, health services and other stakeholders. Findings from this work will help to adjust the subsequent stages of the EBLS project.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Gayani Amarasinghe ◽  
Vasana Mendis ◽  
Thilini Agampodi
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

scholarly journals Designing an Optimum Fiscal Policy for Tobacco to Maximise the Tax Revenue, Social Savings and the Net Monetary Benefits in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathira Kasun Perera ◽  
Bharat Phani Vaikuntam ◽  
Denny John ◽  
Buddhika Senanayake
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Monetary Benefit ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Tobacco Tax ◽  
The Government ◽  
Net Monetary Benefit ◽  
Tobacco Taxation

Background: Fiscal policy targeting tobacco control is identified as the most effective strategy for rapid control of tobacco use. An optimum fiscal policy to estimate the percentage taxation that will maximise the government tax revenue, social savings and the net monetary benefit has not been empirically designed before in Sri Lanka. Methods: A model was developed using Microsoft Excel 2016, utilizing up-to-date published evidence on the cigarette sales, current fiscal policy, social cost of tobacco use, consumer response and the price elasticity of cigarettes. Univariate estimates on the expected revenue from tobacco tax, average annual social savings and the net monetary benefit were predicted for different levels of tobacco taxation. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed covering all possibilities. The percentage taxation maximizing the government tax revenue and the net monetary benefit were identified. Results: It was estimated that a further 30% tax increase from the 2019 baseline will generate approximately LKR 3544 million per year of additional tax revenue for the government while saving LKR 28 069 million per annum as social savings. A fiscal elevation of 50% will produce identical annual tax revenue to that of 2018, while securing a social saving of more than LKR 47 600 million per annum. The maximum net monetary benefit is achievable at an overnight tax increase of 90% from the baseline, however with a short-term compromise in tax revenue. Conclusion: The well-defined thresholds take tobacco taxation advocacy in Sri Lanka a step forward and will assist the government in taking an informed decision on its fiscal policy for cigarettes.

Smokeless tobacco use in Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
DN Sinha ◽  
K Galapatti ◽  
S Rinchen ◽  
A Kahandaliyanage ◽  
FR Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

scholarly journals Prevalence and Sources of Second-Hand Smoking Exposure among Non-Smoking Pregnant Women in an Urban Setting of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau Quy Ngo ◽  
Phuong Thu Phan ◽  
Giap Van Vu ◽  
Hanh Thi Chu ◽  
Toan Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
Second Hand Smoking

Exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) among non-smoking pregnant women can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. A cross-sectional study was performed from July to August 2016 among 432 pregnant women at Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, to assess the prevalence and sources of SHS exposure among non-smoking pregnant women. Socio-economic characteristics and information regarding SHS exposure of participants were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify associated factors. Overall, 92.6% and 64.5% of pregnant women were exposed to SHS in their lifetime and in the last 30 days, respectively. Cafeterias and restaurants had the highest proportion of pregnant women exposed to SHS. Those who reported that “smoking is allowed at home” (OR = 3.18; 95%CI = 1.97–5.13); going to working place (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.08–3.19), going to state authority offices (OR = 1.98; 95%CI = 1.15–3.41), and cafeterias (OR = 1.96; 95%CI = 1.22–3.16) had the highest risk of SHS exposure in the last 30 days. We have found a high proportion of SHS exposure among non-smoking pregnant women in Vietnam. This comes from a multitude of sources, including homes, workplaces, cafeterias, and restaurants. The data emphasises the need for further intervention to address this health issue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document